ABSTRACT
The frequency of neurotic disorder was studied in 630 patients with arterial hypertension (AH) who consumed large amounts of table salt (TS). Their threshold gustatory sensitivity to salt (TGS) was determined in conjunction with daily sodium excretion in urine and psychological features (using the SMOL test. MOS SF-36 questionnaire, and Zung depression scale). It was shown that AH patients consume 6-7 g more salt than healthy subjects due to the love of salty food and high TGS. Such patients are characterized by high activity and ambitiousness, and unrealized strive for obtaining a higher position. Their psychological status is dominated by anxiety, tension, and depression. The state of the vegetative nervous system is prevailed by sympaticotony.
Subject(s)
Depression/physiopathology , Hypertension/physiopathology , Sodium Chloride, Dietary/pharmacology , Sodium Chloride/urine , Female , Humans , Hypertension/psychology , Male , Middle Aged , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Quality of Life/psychology , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
The study included 630 patients with verified diagnosis of arterial hypertension (AH) in whom 24 hr AP monitoring was performed, threshold gustatory sensitivity of the tongue to table salt (TGS) measured, and habit to add salt to the cooked food evaluated. Measurement of Na in daily urine of 442 patients was followed by estimation of salt consumption. The results were compared with those obtained in 100 patients with newly diagnosed AH. The control group comprised 288 subjects. TGS in AH patients was significantly higher than in controls and directly related to clinical features of the disease, high AP values, age, smoking habits, hypercholesterolemia, abdominal-type obesity, and hereditary predisposition. TGS positively correlated with daily urinary excretion of NaCl (r = 0.4-0.7; p < 0.05-0.01). High TGS decreased under effect of hypotensive therapy.
Subject(s)
Blood Pressure/drug effects , Dysgeusia/complications , Hypertension/etiology , Sodium Chloride, Dietary/pharmacokinetics , Taste Perception/physiology , Taste Threshold/physiology , Adult , Blood Pressure Determination , Disease Progression , Dysgeusia/diagnosis , Dysgeusia/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Hypertension/physiopathology , Hypertension/urine , Male , Middle Aged , Sodium Chloride/urineABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to define more exactly the role of high salt consumption in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension (AH) in patients with type II diabetes. The subjects, 110 patients with type II diabetes accompanied by AH (mean age 55 +/- 1.7 years), were divided into three groups according to their salt gustatory sensitivity threshold (SGST). The comparison and control groups consisted of 134 patients with essential AH, and 30 practically healthy individuals, respectively. Among the patients with type II diabetes and AH, the study revealed patients with special manifestations such as high SGST, numerous complaints, frequent hypertonic crises, higher blood pressure (BP), and BP circadian rhythm disorder consisting in insufficient nighttime BP decrease. The study demonstrated a significant role of high salt consumption in AH pathogenesis in this group of patients.
