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1.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 131(supl.5): 60-65, dic. 2008. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-142057

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Establecer una valoración económica general de la actividad biotecnológica en España determinando tanto su aportación a la producción total como al empleo y diferenciando la aportación directa y la derivada de las interrelaciones de las actividades biotecnológicas con el resto del sistema económico. Material y Método: Para el cumplimiento de los objetivos establecidos se han utilizado tanto datos económicos oficiales elaborados por el INE (cuentas nacionales, tablas input-ouput, estadísticas de innovación) como datos directos derivados de los estados contables de las empresas y recopilaciones específicas de proyectos de investigación realizadas por la Fundación Genoma España. El núcleo básico de la metodología utilizada es la estimación de una tabla input-output con consideración específica de la actividad biotecnológica, sobre la que se calcula tanto la aportación directa de estas actividades como los efectos inducidos en el resto del sistema económico. Resultados: De acuerdo con los últimos datos disponibles, las actividades de biotecnología en España habrían generado de forma directa una producción ligeramente superior a 1.600 millones de euros en el año 2005 y habrían dado empleo a unas 9.000 personas. Considerando todas las interrelaciones con el resto del sistema económico, la aportación macroeconómica de la biotecnología ascendería a unos 5.000 millones de euros (en torno al 0,6% del PIB nacional) y habría originado, directa e indirectamente, más de 44.000 empleos (AU)


Objective: This paper tries to yield an economic valuation of biotechnological activities in terms of aggregated production and employment. This valuation goes beyond direct estimation and includes the indirect effects derived from sectorial linkages between biotechnological activities and the rest of economic system. Material and methods: To deal with the proposed target several sources of data have been used, including official data from National Statistical Office (INE) such us national accounts, input-output tables, and innovation surveys, as well as, firms’ level balance sheets and income statements and also specific information about research projects compiled by Genoma Spain Foundation. Methodological approach is based on the estimation of a new input-output table which includes the biotechnological activities as a specific branch. This table offers both the direct impact of these activities and the main parameters to obtain the induced effects over the rest of the economic system. Results: According to the most updated available figures, biotechnological activities would have directly generated almost 1,600 millions of euros in 2005, and they would be employed more than 9,000 workers. But if we take into account the full linkages with the rest of the system, the macroeconomic impact of Biotechnological activities would reach around 5,000 millions euros in production terms (0.6% of total GDP) and would be responsible, directly or indirectly, of more than 44,000 employments (AU)


Subject(s)
Biotechnology/economics , Models, Economic
2.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin ; 23(7): 424-37, 2005.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16159543

ABSTRACT

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection remains an important complication of transplantation. The last decade has been characterized by improvements to management that has reduced its morbidity and mortality. The advance has been particularly important in the diagnosis and prevention. Several techniques have been developed that allow the increasingly rapid and sensitive diagnosis. The different preventive strategies include use of appropriate blood products, immune globulin, and antiviral agents either as prophylaxis or pre-emptive therapy. The development of effective oral drugs as valganciclovir also represents a new advance. It is necessary to summarize these advances to facilitate the development of local policies reflecting recent changes. The Group of Study of Infections in Transplantation (GESITRA) of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC) has therefore produced actual recommendations in the management of CMV infection after transplantation.


Subject(s)
Cytomegalovirus Infections/prevention & control , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Immunocompromised Host , Opportunistic Infections/prevention & control , Organ Transplantation , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Cytomegalovirus Infections/diagnosis , Cytomegalovirus Infections/drug therapy , Humans , Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy , Opportunistic Infections/virology , Risk Factors
3.
Enferm. infecc. microbiol. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 23(7): 424-437, ago. 2005. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-039899

ABSTRACT

La infección por citomegalovirus (CMV) es una complicación importante del trasplante. La última década se ha caracterizado por los avances en su tratamiento, reduciendo su morbilidad y la mortalidad. Estos avances han sido decisivos en el diagnóstico y prevención. Se han desarrollado técnicas de diagnóstico rápidas y sensibles. Entre las estrategias de prevención destaca el uso correcto de los productos sanguíneos, las inmunoglobulinas y los fármacos antivirales, empleados en profilaxis o en terapia anticipada. El reciente desarrollo de fármacos eficaces por vía oral como el valganciclovir permitirá el tratamiento ambulatorio de los pacientes infectados. Es necesario trasladar este conocimiento a la práctica clínica diaria. Con este objetivo el Grupo de Estudio de la Infección en el Trasplante (GESITRA) de la Sociedad Española de Microbiología Clínica y Enfermedades Infecciosas (SEIMC) ha desarrollado este documento de consenso que incluye las últimas recomendaciones en el tratamiento de la infección por CMV postrasplante (AU)


Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection remains an important complication of transplantation. The last decade has been characterized by improvements to management that has reduced its morbidity and mortality. The advance has been particularly important in the diagnosis and prevention. Several techniques have been developed that allow the increasingly rapid and sensitive diagnosis. The different preventive strategies include use of appropriate blood products, immune globulin, and antiviral agents either as prophylaxis or pre-emptive therapy. The development of effective oral drugs as valganciclovir also represents a new advance. It is necessary to summarize these advances to facilitate the development of local policies reflecting recent changes. The Group of Study of Infections in Transplantation (GESITRA) of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC) has therefore produced actual recommendations in the management of CMV infection after transplantation (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Cytomegalovirus Infections/prevention & control , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Immunocompromised Host , Opportunistic Infections/prevention & control , Organ Transplantation , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Cytomegalovirus Infections/diagnosis , Cytomegalovirus Infections/drug therapy , Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy , Opportunistic Infections/virology , Risk Factors
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