ABSTRACT
Yardlong bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis) plants with virus-like systemic mottling and leaf distortion were observed in both experimental and commercial fields in Aragua State, Venezuela. Symptomatic leaves were shown to contain carlavirus-like particles. RT-PCR analysis with carlavirus-specific primers was positive in all tested samples. Nucleotide sequences of the obtained amplicons showed 84%-74% similarity to corresponding sequences of Cowpea mild mottle virus (CPMMV) isolates deposited in the GenBank database. This is the first report of CPMMV in Venezuela and is thought to be the first report of CPMMV infecting yardlong bean.
Subject(s)
Carlavirus/classification , Carlavirus/isolation & purification , Fabaceae/virology , Plant Diseases/virology , Carlavirus/genetics , Cluster Analysis , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , Plant Leaves/virology , RNA, Viral/genetics , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid , VenezuelaABSTRACT
Se identificó un Tobamovirus infectando al cultivo de canavalia en una parcela experimental del estado Aragua, Venezuela. El rango de hospedantes y las pruebas serológicas basadas en la técnica de Western blot, permitieron determinar que el virus en estudio es un aislamiento del virus del mosaico del tabaco (TMV). Este resultado fue confirmado por el análisis de secuencia del gen de la proteína de la cápside, amplificado mediante RT-PCR, el cual reveló una identidad cercana al 98 por ciento entre el aislamiento descrito en esta investigación y cepas de TMV reportadas en Korea y Japón.
Subject(s)
Mosaic Viruses , Plant Leaves , Plants , Nicotiana , Tobamovirus , Agriculture , VenezuelaABSTRACT
Blood stages of Plasmodium vivax induce the development of caveolae and caveola-vesicle complexes (CVC) in the membrane of their host erythrocyte. Caveolae are found in almost all types of cells and are involved in endogenous processes as calcium and cholesterol homeostasis, cell signalling, transporting, ligand internalization and transcytosis of serum components. Major structural components of caveolae are the proteins caveolins and flotillins. The functional role of caveolae in the P. vivax-infected erythrocyte is not properly understood. As these organelles have been shown to contain malaria antigens, it has been suggested that they are involved in the transport and release of specific parasite antigens from the infected erythrocyte and in the uptake of plasma proteins. Using specific antibodies to classical caveolae proteins and an immunolocalization approach, we found caveolin-2, caveolin-3, and flotillin-2 in the vesicle profiles and some CVC of P. vivax-infected erythrocytes. Caveolin-1-3 were not found in uninfected erythrocytes. This is the first report of identification and localization of caveolins in the CVC present in erythrocytes infected with P. vivax, thereby providing evidence of the role of this particular organelle in the protein-trafficking pathway that connect parasite-encoded proteins with the erythrocyte cytoplasm and the cell surface throughout the asexual blood cycle of vivax malaria parasite.
