[Immunity parameters in children with prior intrathoracic tuberculosis]. / Pokazateli immuniteta u detei, perenesshikh vnutrigrudnoi tuberkulez.

Fifty-four children who had experienced intrathoracic tuberculosis were clinically and immunologically studied 3-10 years following chemotherapy. The count of T cells and their functional activity were found to be normal in 90.7% of children. Tuberculosis antibodies were identified in 62% of children, which suggests only long preserved specific sensitization. The tuberculosis antigen titer 1:16 was detected in 5.5% of children with residual changes, which generates the necessity of examining such children for a latent active process.

[Study of immunobiological properties of specific immunomodulators of the adjuvant type in experimental tuberculosis]. / Izuchenie immunobiologicheskikh svoistv spetsificheskikh immunomoduliatorov ad'iuvantnogo tipa pri éksperimental'nom tuberkuleze.

CBA mice served as experimental tuberculosis model to study protective, immunomodulating and toxico-allergic properties of two drugs including cytoplasma and cell walls of BCG mycobacteria as well as of synthetic adjuvant polyoxidonium. Doses and schemes are presented developed for experimental tuberculosis treatment with cytoplasm and not causing toxico-allergic reactions in mice. The specific immunomodulator of cytoplasm, polyoxidonium, proved effective therapeutic modality in experimental mouse tuberculosis.

[Immune system in children with pulmonary tuberculosis]. / Sostoianie immuniteta u detei s vyrazhennymi formami vnutrigrudnogo tuberkulëza.

T- and B- cell immunity, levels of antituberculous antibodies, M. tuberculosis antigens and circulating immune complexes (CIC) were studied in 61 children with clinical manifestations of intrathoracic tuberculosis. T-cell immunity was subnormal in 39.5% of the examinees. Moderate inhibition of this immunity occurred in 14%. 46.5% of the examinees had normal T-cell immunity. B-lymphocyte count, IgG levels were normal, whereas IgA and IgM were low and elevated, respectively. T-cell immunity appeared the weakest in children with more advanced disease. Acute tuberculosis was associated with more frequent occurrence of CIC, antituberculous antibodies, tuberculous antigen. Administration of sodium nucleinate promoted normalization of T-cell immunity in the above patients. If they had antituberculous antibodies, antigens and CIC 2.5-12 months after chemotherapy, this indicated the persistence of the process activity and required continuation and perfection of chemotherapy.

[Role of immunologic studies in the diagnosis of tuberculosis in adolescents]. / Rol' immunologicheskikh issledovanii v diagnostike tuberkuleza u podrostkov.

Tuberculous antigens and antibodies, antigens and antibodies to pneumococcus, haemophilus bacteria. Klebsiella pneumonia, proteus bacteria were determined in 100 adolescents (87 with tuberculosis and 13 with nonspecific lung diseases). Specific antigens and antibodies were detected in 62% of tuberculous and 7.7% of nontuberculous patients. The most pronounced immune response to M. tuberculosis antigens and antibodies as well as to nonspecific flora was registered in patients with long-term and disseminated processes. Immunological investigations are thought an important tool in diagnosis, differential diagnosis of tuberculosis and planning combined treatment policy.

[A system of methods of tuberculosis immunodiagnosis based on the use of antigenic preparations isolated from BCG mycobacteria]. / Sistema metodov immunodiagnostiki tuberkuleza, osnovannykh na ispol'zovanii vydelennykh iz mikobakterii BTsZh antigennykh preparatov.

The antigenic composition, immunochemical properties and immunogenicity of the antigenic complexes isolated from BCG mycobacteria were studied. A system of sensitive and specific measures of tuberculosis immunodiagnosis has been developed on the basis of specific antigens and antibodies. The informative value of these methods considerably exceeded the previously used test-systems based on the commercial tuberculin.

[Polymer-metal complexes of the Mycobacterium protein antigen prevent the dissemination of postvaccinal infection in the T-deficiency state]. / Polimermetallicheskie kompleksy belkovogo antigena mikobakterii predotvrashchaiut disseminatsiiu postvaktsinal'noi infektsii pri T-defitsitnom sostoianii.

Primary obtained triple highly immunogenetic complex consists of nonimmunogenic protein antigen, isolated from the BCG, nontoxic polyelectrolyte and bivalent cuprum ions. Immunization with this complex provides high immunoprotection in the experimented B mice (T-deficit mice) from lethal dissemination BCG. Inoculation of single components of the complex has no protection. Result of these experiments suggest that antigen-polyelectrolyte complexes obtained on the basis of nonimmunogenic protein fraction of the tuberculosis bacilli show the properties of a thymus-independent immunization preparations, and provide immune defense in the T-cell deficit of the immune system.

[Microbial associations in chronic respiratory tract diseases]. / Mikrobnye assotsiatsii pri khronicheskikh zabolevaniiakh respiratornogo trakta.

In the peripheral blood of patients with chronic bronchitis the presence of Mycobacterium pneumoniae antigens has been registered in 20.0% of cases and the presence of group A Streptococcus haemolyticus antigens, in 24.0% of cases, the transformation of streptococci into the L-form being observed in 12.0% of cases. The presence of M. pneumoniae, streptococci and their L-forms, as well as associations of these microorganisms, is characteristic of patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis, which is, probably, one of the reasons for the maintenance of bronchial obstruction. In patients with chronic pneumonia and fibrosing alveolitis the antigens of the bacterial form of streptococcus and its L-forms have been detected only in a few cases.

[Circulating immune complexes and mycobacterial antigens in the blood of pulmonary tuberculosis patients]. / Tsirkuliruiushchie immunnye kompleksy i mikobakterial'nye antigeny v krovi bol'nykh tuberkulezom legkikh.

The level of circulating immune complexes (CIC) in the sera of patients with fibrocavernous tuberculosis and infiltrative tuberculosis has been found to be correlated with the dissociation and level of mycobacterial antigens contained in CIC. Successful chemotherapy results in the normalization of all the characteristics under study.