Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration Among Sexual Minority Young Adults: Associations With Alcohol Use, PTSD Symptoms, Internalized Homophobia, and Heterosexist Discrimination.

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, and other sexual minority (LGBQ+) young adults report similar or higher rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration than their heterosexual peers. Elevated IPV risk among LGBQ+ young adults may be attributable to experiencing heterosexist discrimination and internalized homophobia. In addition, LGBQ+ people report disproportionate posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, alcohol use, and IPV perpetration in dating relationships. Thus, this study explored which combinations of IPV risk factors (i.e., experiencing heterosexist discrimination, internalized homophobia, PTSD symptoms, alcohol use) related to forms of IPV perpetration, inclusive of psychological, physical, and sexual forms, in a sample of 342 LGBQ+ young adults. Internalized homophobia was related to psychological IPV perpetration at high and medium levels of PTSD symptoms and only high levels of alcohol use. PTSD symptoms and alcohol use interacted to predict psychological IPV perpetration; and PTSD symptoms related to increased psychological IPV perpetration at high and medium, but not low, alcohol use levels. Alcohol use was positively related to physical IPV perpetration. No other risk factors or interactions were significantly related to physical or sexual IPV perpetration. Results were consistent with prior findings that linked internalized homophobia, alcohol use, and PTSD symptoms to IPV perpetration and highlight the interacting nature of these IPV perpetration risk factors. Comprehensive IPV interventions with LGBQ+ young adults should evaluate the impact of simultaneously targeting these multiple IPV risk factors considering their interacting contributions to IPV perpetration risk. More research is needed to examine the temporal relations between minority stress, PTSD symptoms, alcohol use, and IPV perpetration.

Antares I: a Modular Photobioreactor Suitable for Photosynthesis and Bioenergetics Research.

Oxygenic photosynthesis is responsible for most of the fixation of atmospheric CO2. The microalgal community can transport atmospheric carbon into biological cycles in which no additional CO2 is created. This represents a resource to confront the actual climate change crisis. These organisms have evolved to adapt to several environments and different spectral distribution of light that may strongly influence their metabolism. Therefore, there is a need for development of photobioreactors specialized in addressing spectral optimization. Here, a multi-scale modular photobioreactor made from standard glass materials, ad hoc light circuits, and easily accessible, small commercial devices is described. The system is suitable to manage the principal culture variables of research in bioenergetics and photosynthesis. Its performance was tested by growing four evolutionary-distant microalgal species with different endosymbiotic scenarios: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Archaeplastida, green primary plastid), Polytomella parva (Archaeplastida, colorless plastid), Euglena gracilis (Discoba, green secondary plastid), and Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Stramenophiles, red secondary plastid). Our results show an improvement of biomass production, as compared to the traditional flask system. The modulation of the incident light spectra allowed us to observe a far-red adaptation in Euglena gracilis with a difference on paramylon production, and it also significantly increased the maximal cell density of the diatom species under green light. Together, these confirm that for photobioreactors with artificial light, manipulation of the light spectrum is a critical parameter for controlling the optimal performance, depending on the downstream goals.

Reactions to Participation in Research on Violence Experiences and Minority Stress Among Sexual and Gender Minority Young Adults.

Given the growing body of research seeking to examine adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and intimate partner violence (IPV) among sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals, Institutional Review Boards must consider whether participating in violence research is emotionally distressing for SGM people. Yet, little research has studied SGM participants' reactions to participating in research on ACEs, IPV, and minority stress. Thus, the current study examined reactions, including negative emotional reactions, to participating in violence research among SGM young adults. In total, 230 participants who self-identified as a sexual minority (30.1% also identified as a gender minority) in a dating relationship completed a cross-sectional assessment on ACEs, IPV (including identity abuse victimization and perpetration), minority stress (i.e., internalized homo/bi/transphobia), and reactions to research participation. Results indicated that participants identifying as a gender minority had significantly higher negative emotional reactions to study participation compared to cisgender participants, but this increase among gender minority individuals was small. In addition, gender minority participants and those with higher minority stress (i.e., internalized trans/bi/homo-negativity) and ACEs reported significantly higher negative emotional reactions to participation. Furthermore, gender minority participants scored worse on a scale indicating appreciation for contributing to research. Finally, reporting IPV victimization and perpetration was not associated with negative emotional reactions. Findings suggest that questions assessing minority stress and negative childhood experiences may be more emotionally salient or stressful for gender minority participants compared to questions measuring IPV.

Algoritmo de Emergencias Médicas de Chiapas para pacientes en estado de choque / Medical emergencies of Chiapas algorithm for patients in shock disease / Algoritmo de Emergências Médicas de Chiapas para pacientes em estado de choque

Resumen El abordaje sobre la mejor estrategia para diagnosticar y manejar pacientes en estado de choque (EC) de forma rápida y eficiente es dinámico, depende de las características propias del paciente, de la tecnología disponible y la evidencia científica siempre en evolución; todo esto lleva a que exista considerable variación en la práctica diaria. El objetivo de esta propuesta es dar a conocer un algoritmo basado en criterios clínicos, optimizando las herramientas disponibles y logrando un proceso diagnóstico sencillo y rápido con el principal objetivo de ser útil para el manejo del paciente.

Abstract The approach on the best strategy to diagnose and manage patients in shock disease (CD) quickly and efficiently is dynamic, it depends on the characteristics of the patient, the available technology, the scientific evidence always in evolution; All of this leads to considerable variation in daily practice. The objective of this proposal is to present an algorithm based on clinical criteria and optimizing the available tools, achieving a simple, fast diagnostic process with the main objective of being useful to the patient.

Resumo A abordagem sobre a melhor estratégia para diagnosticar e manejar pacientes em choque (PC) de forma rápida e eficiente é dinâmica, depende das características do paciente, da tecnologia disponível, das evidências científicas sempre em evolução; tudo isso leva a uma variação considerável na prática diária. O objetivo desta proposta é apresentar um algoritmo baseado em critérios clínicos e otimizando as ferramentas disponíveis, alcançando um processo diagnóstico simples e rápido com o objetivo principal de ser útil para o manejo do paciente.

Applying the DSM-5 Alternative Model of Personality Disorders and the Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure to the Classic Case of "Madeline G.": Novice and Expert Rater Convergences and Divergence.

Prior research supports the learnability of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition Alternative Model of Personality Disorders (AMPD). However, researchers have yet to compare novice ratings on the AMPD's Level of Personality Functioning Scale and the 25 pathological personality traits with expert ratings. Furthermore, the AMPD has yet to be examined with the idiographic Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure (SWAP). We compared the aggregated AMPD clinical profile of a group of psychology doctoral students who learned the AMPD to high levels of reliability to that of an expert rater using the crucible of the classical case of "Madeline G." Examination of AMPD and SWAP ratings of "Madeline G." revealed excellent overall concordance but suggests that novice raters tend to perceive lower levels of personality impairment.

"Immunoinformatic Identification of T-Cell and B-Cell Epitopes From Giardia lamblia Immunogenic Proteins as Candidates to Develop Peptide-Based Vaccines Against Giardiasis".

Giardiasis is one of the most common gastrointestinal infections worldwide, mainly in developing countries. The etiological agent is the Giardia lamblia parasite. Giardiasis mainly affects children and immunocompromised people, causing symptoms such as diarrhea, dehydration, abdominal cramps, nausea, and malnutrition. In order to develop an effective vaccine against giardiasis, it is necessary to understand the host-Giardia interactions, the immunological mechanisms involved in protection against infection, and to characterize the parasite antigens that activate the host immune system. In this study, we identify and characterize potential T-cell and B-cell epitopes of Giardia immunogenic proteins by immunoinformatic approaches, and we discuss the potential role of those epitopes to stimulate the host´s immune system. We selected the main immunogenic and protective proteins of Giardia experimentally investigated. We predicted T-cell and B-cell epitopes using immunoinformatic tools (NetMHCII and BCPREDS). Variable surface proteins (VSPs), structural (giardins), metabolic, and cyst wall proteins were identified as the more relevant immunogens of G. lamblia. We described the protein sequences with the highest affinity to bind MHC class II molecules from mouse (I-Ak and I-Ad) and human (DRB1*03:01 and DRB1*13:01) alleles, as well as we selected promiscuous epitopes, which bind to the most common range of MHC class II molecules in human population. In addition, we identified the presence of conserved epitopes within the main protein families (giardins, VSP, CWP) of Giardia. To our knowledge, this is the first in silico study that analyze immunogenic proteins of G. lamblia by combining bioinformatics strategies to identify potential T-cell and B-cell epitopes, which can be potential candidates in the development of peptide-based vaccines. The bioinformatics analysis demonstrated in this study provides a deeper understanding of the Giardia immunogens that bind to critical molecules of the host immune system, such as MHC class II and antibodies, as well as strategies to rational design of peptide-based vaccine against giardiasis.

Risk of Revocation Among Batterers: A Preliminary Analysis of Criminogenic, Intimate Partner Violence, and Mental Health Risks.

This study examined whether criminogenic risk, domestic violence risk, and mental health diagnoses would predict probation revocation among batterers in a felony domestic violence court (FDVC). Review of probation files included baseline assessments and probation disposition for FDVC probationers from January 2014 to March 2018 (n = 64). Results of the binary logistic regression analysis showed that criminogenic risk was a significant predictor of FDVC probation revocation. Interventions to prevent unsuccessful completion of domestic violence courts may benefit from programming that addresses early engagement in treatment, antisocial thinking patterns, and treatment for substance use disorders.

Alcohol Problems, Jealousy, and Cyber Dating Abuse Perpetration Among Men and Women: Toward a Conceptual Model.

Investigations of alcohol use in relation to cyber dating abuse (CDA) remain underdeveloped relative to alcohol-related face-to-face dating abuse research. A critical step toward advancing this area of research would include examining the applicability of alcohol-related partner abuse models to CDA perpetration. Existing models of alcohol-related partner abuse suggested that alcohol and partner abuse are more likely to co-occur in the presence of aggressogenic distal traits. We propose that this model may extend to CDA perpetration. Toward this end, the present study collected cross-sectional data from college students (N = 258; 56.2% male) to investigate whether trait romantic jealousy moderated the association between alcohol problems and CDA perpetration, controlling for face-to-face dating abuse perpetration. We hypothesized that alcohol problems would positively relate to CDA perpetration among college students with high, but not low, romantic jealousy. We explored whether the interactive effect varied by sex. Results revealed a significant three-way interaction; the moderating role of romantic jealousy in the relation between alcohol problems and CDA perpetration varied by sex. Alcohol problems positively related to CDA perpetration for women with high, but not low, romantic jealousy. Alcohol problems did not relate to CDA perpetration regardless of men's level of romantic jealousy. These preliminary results suggested that alcohol-related partner abuse models may be useful for conceptualizing CDA perpetration and identifying CDA intervention components.

Prenatal Identification of Risk for Later Disrupted Parenting Behavior Using Latent Profiles of Childhood Maltreatment.

A history of maltreatment during childhood (e.g., physical and sexual abuse, neglect) can threaten the fundamental human need to form and maintain relationships across development, which ensure safety and security. Furthermore, parental maltreatment history presents considerable risk for the emergence of disrupted parenting behaviors (i.e., contradictory communication, sexualized/role-reversed behavior, disorientation, intrusiveness/negativity, and severe withdrawal), which in turn are associated with children's social-emotional development. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether experiences of childhood maltreatment during pregnancy can predict risk for disrupted parenting behavior before the birth of the child. Given the inherent variability in parenting behaviors, we were interested in how different types or combinations of experiences of maltreatment during childhood are associated with later parenting behaviors. Data were drawn from 120 women from a longitudinal study that spanned from the third trimester of pregnancy through 3-year postpartum. In the current study, mothers' experiences of childhood maltreatment were assessed during pregnancy, and disrupted parenting behaviors were coded from videotaped mother-infant interactions 1-year postpartum. Four profiles of childhood maltreatment were identified using latent profile analysis: low exposure, high exposure, high sexual maltreatment, and high physical and emotional maltreatment. Results revealed that high exposure to multiple types of childhood maltreatment most strongly predicted later disrupted parenting behavior. Women with multiple exposures to different types of maltreatment during childhood may require more intense intervention during pregnancy to prevent risk for the development of disrupted parenting behavior.

Maternal prenatal depression, PTSD, and problematic parenting: the mediating role of maternal perceptions of infant emotion.

Background: Perinatal illness is alarmingly common and has negative effects on maternal and infant well-being. Depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), specifically, are characterised by negative views of the self and others, which may impact a mother's perceptions of herself and her child. Objective: This study examined the relationship between depression and PTSD symptoms, maternal perceptions of infant emotions, and parenting behaviours. Methods: 120 pregnant, mostly low-income women and their infants (after birth) participated in a longitudinal study. Maternal depression and PTSD symptoms were assessed during pregnancy and 1 year postpartum; maternal perceptions of infant emotions and parenting quality were assessed at 1 year. Results: Correlation analyses revealed significant, negative associations between prenatal (but not postnatal) psychiatric symptoms and positive perceptions of infant emotions, as well as between positive perceptions of infant emotions and negative parenting. Results also revealed significant indirect effects of prenatal depressive and PTSD symptoms on negative parenting via perceptions of infant emotion (95% CIs:.0013 -.0200 and.0008 -.0083, respectively). Conclusion: Findings highlight that mothers should be routinely screened for psychiatric symptoms during the perinatal period, and perceptions of infant emotions may be an important target for parent-infant mental health interventions.

Characterization of BIP protein of G. lamblia as a potential immunogen in a mouse infection model.

Giardia lamblia is a protozoan parasite that causes one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases worldwide. To eliminate the parasite from the host intestine, it is necessary the activation of B-cell and T-cell dependent mechanisms. The knowledge about Giardia antigens that can stimulate the host immune response is limited. Recently, it has been described the Binding Immunoglobulin Protein (BIP) of G. lamblia (71kDa) as a potential immunogen. Additionally, our group has identified a highly immunogenic antigen (5G8 protein) of G. lamblia with a relative molecular mass of approximately 70kDa. There is some evidence suggesting that the 5G8 protein may activate both humoral and cellular immune responses. Based on these observations and preliminary mass spectrometry analyses, we hypothesized that the antigen 5G8 could be the BIP protein. In the present study, we characterize immunochemically the BIP protein of Giardia. Flow cytometric assays and western blotting were used to determine the expression profile of BIP and 5G8 antigens in Giardia trophozoites. The differences in expression profile indicated that BIP and 5G8 are not the same molecule. ELISA and Western blotting assays revealed that BIP protein was recognized by antibodies produced during G. lamblia infection in C3H/HeN mice. MTT assays did not reveal the activation of cellular immune response induced by BIP protein in vitro. In addition, we identified the potential B-cell and T-cell epitopes of G. lamblia BIP protein. This molecule is a conserved protein among Giardia strains and other pathogens. The complete immunological characterization of this antigen will contribute to a better understanding of the host-parasite interactions in Giardia infection.

Isolation and partial characterization of an immunogenic antigen of Giardia lamblia.

Humoral and cellular immune responses play an important role during Giardia lamblia infection. Several Giardia proteins have been identified as immunogenic antigens based on their elicited humoral immune response. Poorly is known about Giardia antigens that stimulate a cellular immune response. The main purpose of this study was to isolate and partial characterize an immunogenic antigen (5G8) of G. lamblia. The 5G8 protein was isolated from G. lamblia trophozoite lysates by affinity chromatography using moAb 5G8-coupled CNBr-Sepharose. The isolated protein was analysed by electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS), and by diverse bioinformatics tools (GiardiaDB, BLASTn, BLASTp and ExPASy). Additionally, several biochemical and immunological characteristics of the isolated protein were analysed. By ESI-MS/MS the amino acidic 5G8 sequence was deduced. The 5G8 antigen belongs to the VSP family proteins of G. lamblia. This protein is composed by one polypeptide chain (±71kDa). Using the algorithm SYFPHEITI, we identified candidate CD4+ T-cell epitopes from the 5G8 antigen, which can elicit cell-mediated immune responses. In this study, we have identified a G. lamblia protein that induces a strong immune response in infected mice. The biochemical and immunological characterization of the immunogenic 5G8 antigen may contribute to the rational design of a Giardia vaccine.

Implant Composed of Demineralized Bone and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Genetically Modified with AdBMP2/AdBMP7 for the Regeneration of Bone Fractures in Ovis aries.

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) are inducible to an osteogenic phenotype by the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). This facilitates the generation of implants for bone tissue regeneration. This study evaluated the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of ADMSCs transduced individually and in combination with adenoviral vectors expressing BMP2 and BMP7. Moreover, the effectiveness of the implant containing ADMSCs transduced with the adenoviral vectors AdBMP2/AdBMP7 and embedded in demineralized bone matrix (DBM) was tested in a model of tibial fracture in sheep. This graft was compared to ewes implanted with untransduced ADMSCs embedded in the same matrix and with injured but untreated animals. In vivo results showed accelerated osteogenesis in the group treated with the AdBMP2/AdBMP7 transduced ADMSC graft, which also showed improved restoration of the normal bone morphology.

Predegenerated great auricular nerve graft in facial nerve defects.

OBJECTIVE: To compare axonal regeneration in an animal model after the repair of facial nerve defects with pre-degenerated (PD) and non-PD (NPD) great auricular nerve grafts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The buccal branch of the facial nerve was completely sectioned in 18 New Zealand rabbits, which were randomized to 3 treatment groups: PD great auricular nerve graft repair (PD group), NPD great auricular nerve graft repair (NPD group), and immediate end-to-end repair (control group). Axonal regeneration was examined using optical microscopy to assess the following variables: total number of myelinated axons and regenerating sprouts (MARS) that crossed the distal anastomosis, numbers of intra and extrafascicular MARS, and area of myelinated axons. RESULTS: The total number of myelinated axons (p = 0.008) and intrafascicular axons (p = 0.02) that crossed the distal anastomosis significantly differed between the NPD and control group. No significant differences were observed between the PD and control group or between the PD and NPD groups. CONCLUSION: Nerve repair with PD grafts could be an alternative treatment in the management of injuries resulting in facial nerve gaps.

Prevalencia de hipertensión arterial y factores biopsicosociales asociados, en población adulta de Villa Allende, Córdoba / Prevalence of hypertension and associated biopsychosocial factors, in adult population in Villa Allende, Córdoba

Objetivo: Determinar prevalencia de HTA y su asociación con factores biopsicosociales, en adultos de Villa Allende, Córdoba. Método: Estudio descriptivo, transversal y correlacional. Visitas domiciliarias con empleo de encuesta estructurada, cuestionarios autoadministrados, medición de Presión Arterial y Perímetro Abdominal. Muestra de 354 personasadultas. Resultados: La prevalencia de HTA fue 30,5%. El 77% de los hipertensos tenía diagnóstico previo y 45% estaba tratado y controlado. Además se observó: Tabaquismo 40 %, Sedentarismo 82% y Obesidad Central 38%. Hubo asociación estadísticamente significativa entreHTA y antecedentes familiares, obesidad central, consumo de sal normal, nivel instructivo bajo y ausencia de hábito de fumar. No hubo asociación de HTA con sedentarismo, apoyo social, estrategias de afrontamiento y consumo de alimentos con alto contenido de sodio. Conclusiones: Prevalencia de HTA similar a otros estudios reportados. Alta prevalencia de otros Factores de Riesgo Cardiovasculares. Es necesario implementar medidas quepromocionen el autocuidado de la salud.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of Hypertension and its association with biopsychosocial factors, in adults in Villa Allende, Cordoba. Method: Descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational study. Home visits using structured surveys and self-administered questionnaires. Measurement of Blood Pressure and Waist Circumference. Sample: 354 adult people. Results: The prevalence of Hypertension was 30.5%. seventy-seven percent of thehypertensive subjects had previous diagnosis and 45% were already treated and controlled. In addition it was observed: Tobacco Consumption 40%, Sedentary Lifestyle 82% andCentral Obesity 38%. There was statistically significant association between Hypertension and family history of the disease, central obesity, normal consumption of salt, low level of education and nosmoking habit. Hypertension was not associated with sedentary lifestyle, social support, coping strategies or food consumption with high sodium content. Conclusions: Prevalence of Hypertension was similar to other reported studies. High prevalence of other Cardiovascular Risk Factors. It is necessary to implement measuresto promote self-care.

Diagnóstico ultrasonográfico de anomalías estructurales del feto: análisis de diez años / Ultrasonographic diagnosis of structural fetal abnormalities: 10 years analysis

1. Se presenta la experiencia de 10 años en el diagnóstico de Anomalias Estructurales Fetales (AEF) en el Departamento de Ultrasonografía del Hospital Barros Luco-Trudeau (1979 a 1989). 2. Se revisan 57998 ecografías practicadas a un total de 47016 embarazadas, encontrando un total de 270 fetos con AEF. 3. Se analizan las cifras de mortalidad perinatal global (mayor de 500 gr) del Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau en el año 1988, observándose que las Anomalías Congénitas (AC) son responsables del 11,37% de esas muertes. El 27,38% de las muertes neonatales precoces en RN de más de 1.000 gr se debió a AC. 4. Las AEF diagnosticadas por ecografía se agrupan en anomalías del Sistema Nervioso Central (SNC), urogenitales, digestivas y pared abdominal, cardiacas, tumorales, de las extremidades fetales y misceláneas. 5. Se observa que las AC del SNC contituyen más de la mitad de todas las anomalías detectadas. Se compara esta frecuencia y la de los otros grupos de anomalias con la experiencia de otros autores. 6. Se detallan las anomalías diagnosticadas en embarazo gemelar. 7. Se analizan algunos signos indirectos de AEF como polihidroamnios, oligoamnios y bridas amnióticas. 8. Se enfatiza la necesidad de contar con ecografía rutinaria y organizar niveles de complejidad en centros regionales y nacionales, con posibilidad de diagnóstico genético

Transplante renal y embarazo: comunicación de tres nuevos casos clínicos / Renal transplantation and pregnancy: comunication of 3 new clinical cases

Se presentan tres nuevos casos de mujeres con transplante renal y embarazo. Se comenta el manejo obstétrico, nefrológico y neonatológico de estos casos