IgG4-related disease and idiopathic membranous nephropathy: "The clothes do not make the man"
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This case report describes a patient with a previous history of autoimmune pancreatitis secondary to IgG4-related disease, who developed an overt nephrotic syndrome due to membranous nephropathy, surprisingly idiopathic. In all the previously described cases with both concurrent diseases, membranous nephropathy was considered to be secondary to the IgG4-related disease based on the absence of anti-PLA2R1 autoantibodies, and nephrotic syndrome usually remitted after treatment with steroids alone. However, in our patient positivity of serum anti-PLA2R1 autoantibodies together with a normal serum IgG4 level, and the absence of the other most commonly associated diseases were compatible with an idiopathic membranous nephropathy. Combination treatment with steroids and cyclophosphamide was successful. We hypothesize about causality or coincidental diseases and the importance of a correct classification.
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Retroperitoneal fibrosis: single-centre experience from 1992 to 2010, current status of knowledge and review of the international literature.

OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to investigate retroperitoneal fibrosis in a Spanish hospital and present a review of the international literature to attempt to elucidate a diagnostic and therapeutic approach to this unusual pathology. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A database search was performed in the pathology department and in the documentation service using the key words "retroperitoneal fibrosis" and "Ormond's disease", limiting the search to the years 1990-2010. Cases in which secondary retroperitoneal fibrosis was considered were excluded. In addition, a PubMed literature search was performed using the terms "retroperitoneal fibrosis" and "Ormond's", limiting the search to 1985-2011. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients were diagnosed with idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (IRF) or Ormond's disease. The most common symptom at the time of diagnosis was flank pain. With regard to laboratory findings, five patients (22.7%) had anaemia and eight (36.3%) had renal failure. Computed tomography (CT) was performed in 20 patients (90.9%) and the most common finding observed was retroperitoneal mass. Eighteen patients were started on corticosteroids, in six cases in association with azathioprine. Three patients had recurrence at 12, 24 and 72 months, respectively, and 15 patients required emergency surgery. Nine open surgical procedures were performed. CONCLUSIONS: At present, IRF is considered an autoimmune disease that presents with local and systemic signs and symptoms. CT and magnetic resonance imaging are the two tests of choice in IRF diagnosis and follow-up. [(18)F]Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography is starting to be used for assessment and treatment response. A combination of medical and surgical treatment is usually applied. It is essential to administer corticosteroids alone or in association with other immunosuppressive drugs such as azathioprine. Laparoscopic ureterolysis, or robotic ureterolysis, if available, is the technique of choice.

Sertoli cell tumor, a rare testicular tumor, our experience and review of the literature.

OBJECTIVE: We report two new cases of Sertoli cell testicular tumors, and a Cochrane and Medline search of cases published worldwide. METHODS: We reviewed our series of testicular tumors, the stromal tumor incidence, clinical presentation, treatment and prognosis, and the experience reflected in the literature. RESULTS: The prevalence of testicular tumors in our health area is of 0.09%, and 2.3% of them are Sertoli cell neoplasms. This figure is slightly higher than the found in other series in which Sertoli tumors range from 0.4% to 1.5% of testicular malignancies in adults and reach 4% in children. CONCLUSIONS: Sertoli cell tumor has an incidence not exceeding 4%. The most common symptom is a painless mass; in cases with endocrine manifestation, up to 10% are malignant depending on the age of the patient.

Testicular tumor like by "Corynebacterium thommsenii".

OBJECTIVE: To report the first case described of genitourinary infection by Corynebacterium Thommsenii in a man. METHODS: Descriptive study of a testicular infection by an atypical unknown germ in a patient, which was identified and diagnosed thank to the use of Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We performed a bibliographic search of similar cases. RESULTS: We only found one case of pleural infection by Corynebacterium Thommsenii in the human being, with no case of genitourinary involvement described. CONCLUSIONS: To date there is only one case described of infection by Corynebacterium Thommsenii in human beings, possibly due to underdiagnosis for the slow grow of this pathogen. Genetic amplification methods by PCR should be demanded more frequently by clinicians because they provide an advance in the microbiologic diagnosis is slow-growing pathogens.

Tumor de células de sertoli. Un extraño tumor testicular. Nuestra experiencia y revisión de la literatura / Sertolli cell tumor, a rare testicular tumor, our experience and review of the literature

OBJETIVO: Aportamos dos nuevos casos de tumor testicular de células de Sertoli, realizando búsqueda en Medline y Cochrane de los casos publicados a nivel internacional.MÉTODOS: Revisión de nuestra serie de neoplasias testiculares, incidencia de los tumores estromales, presentación, clínica, tratamiento y pronóstico, así como de la experiencia reflejada en la literatura. RESULTADOS:La prevalencia de los tumores testiculares en nuestra área de salud es del 0,09 %, suponiendo el tumor de Sertoli el 2,3 % de ellos. La incidencia es levemente superior a la informada en otros trabajos, con cifras del 0,4% al 1,5% de los tumores testiculares en el adulto y hasta el 4% en los niños. La presentación más habitual es la masa testicular indolora, pudiendo existir semiología secundaria a la producción hormonal.CONCLUSIONES: El tumor de células de Sertoli presenta una incidencia no superior al 4% de las neoplasias testiculares. La clínica más habitual es la tumoración indolora, existiendo casos de manifestaciones endocrinas que varían según la edad del paciente Hasta un 10% de ellos se comportan de manera maligna(AU)

OBJECTIVE: We report two new cases of Sertoli cell testicular tumors, and a Cochrane and Medline search of cases published worldwide.METHODS: We reviewed our series of testicular tumors, the stromal tumor incidence, clinical presentation, treatment and prognosis, and the experience reflected in the literature.RESULTS: The prevalence of testicular tumors in our health area is of 0.09%, and 2.3% of them are Sertoli cell neoplasms. This figure is slightly higher than the found in other series in which Sertoli tumors range from 0.4% to 1.5% of testicular malignancies in adults and reach 4% in children.CONCLUSIONS: Sertoli cell tumor has an incidence not exceeding 4%. The most common symptom is a painless mass; in cases with endocrine manifestation, up to 10% are malignant depending on the age of the patient

Pseudotumor testicular por "corynebacterium thommseni" / Testicular pseudotumor by “Corynebacterium Thommsenii”

OBJETIVO: Informamos del primer caso descrito en la literatura de infección genitourinaria por Corynebacterium Thomssenii en el hombre.MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo de infección testicular por germen atípico y desconocido en un paciente, siendo identificado y diagnosticado gracias a la Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa (PCR), realizamos búsqueda en la bibliografía universal de casos similares. RESULTADOS: Encontramos solo un caso de infección pleural por Corynebacterium Thomssenii en el hombre, no estando descritos ningún caso de afección genitourinaria.CONCLUSIONES: Hasta el momento actual no existen más que un caso descrito de infección por C. Thomssenii en el hombre, posiblemente debido a infradiagnostico, por el lento crecimiento de este patógeno. Los métodos de amplificación genética mediante PCR deben ser más demandados por el clínico ya que aportan un adelanto en el diagnóstico microbiológico en patógenos de lento crecimiento(AU)

OBJECTIVE: To report the first case described of genitourinary infection by Corynebacterium Thommsenii in a man.METHODS: Descriptive study of a testicular infection by an atypical unknown germ in a patient, which was identified and diagnosed thank to the use of Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We performed a bibliographic search of similar cases.RESULTS: We only found one case of pleural infection by Corynebacterium Thommsenii in the human being, with no case of genitourinary involvement described.CONCLUSIONS: To date there is only one case described of infection by Corynebacterium Thommsenii in human beings, possibly due to underdiagnosis for the slow grow of this pathogen. Genetic amplification methods by PCR should be demanded more frequently by clinicians because they provide an advance in the microbiologic diagnosis is slow-growing pathogens(AU)