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1.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 38(3): 140-148, 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-175590

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El índice de cintura-talla (ICT), se ha revelado como el parámetro antropométrico más ventajoso para la identificación de las alteraciones fisiometabólicas ligadas a la diabetes y las enfermedades cardiovasculares. El objetivo fue utilizarlo junto al peso para predecir la adiposidad relativa o porcentaje de grasa corporal (%GC) en adultos españoles. Material y métodos: Se analizaron 579 individuos sanos de ambos sexos con edades comprendidas entre los 20 y 65 años, midiendo la talla, el peso, el perímetro de la cintura a nivel umbilical y los pliegues adiposos subcutáneos. Se estimó el %GC mediante antropometría, impedancia eléctrica tretrapolar (Bodystat 1500) e interactancia de infrarrojos (Futrex 5500). Se aplicaron modelos de regresión para desarrollar ecuaciones predictivas de la adiposidad relativa tomando como variables independientes el ICT y el peso y como variable dependiente el %GC obtenido por cada uno de los tres métodos analíticos de la composición corporal. Las ecuaciones fueron validadas con las dos terceras partes de la muestra. Resultados: Las ecuaciones se han construido para cada sexo por separado y para cada intervalo de edad: 20-29, 30- 39, 40-49 y de 50 a 65 años. Los valores de adiposidad relativa obtenidos mediante las fórmulas han sido contrastados con los estimados mediante los tres procedimientos analíticos aplicados comprobando que la mayor similitud entre valores reales y pronosticados corresponde al método antropométrico basado en la medida de los pliegues. Conclusiones: Las ecuaciones propuestas permiten estimar el % GC a partir del peso y del ICT. Son de cálculo sencillo y han sido validadas reflejando gran fiabilidad. Se recomienda su aplicación en hombres y mujeres españoles que se encuentren en el intervalo de edad considerado (20 a 65 años)


Introduction: The waist-height ratio (WHtR) has been revealed as the most advantageous anthropometric parameter for the identification of physiometabolic alterations linked to diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The objective was to use WHtR and weight, to predict the relative adiposity or body fat percentage (%BF). Material and methods: We analyzed 579 healthy individuals of both sexes between the ages of 20 and 65 years, measuring height, weight, waist circumference at umbilical level and subcutaneous skinfolds. The %BF was estimated by anthropometry, tretrapolar electrical impedance (Bodystat 1500) and infrared interaction (Futrex 5500). Regression models were applied to develop predictive equations of relative adiposity taking as independent variables the WHtR and weight and as dependent variable %BF obtained by each of the three analytical methods of body composition. The equations were validated with two thirds of the sample. Results: The equations have been constructed for each sex separately and age interval: 20-29, 30-39, 40-49 and from 50 to 65 years old. The values of relative adiposity obtained by means of the formulas have been contrasted with those estimated by means of the three applied analytical procedures verifying that the greatest similarity between real and predicted values corresponds to the anthropometric method based on the measurement of the skinfolds thicknes. Conclusions: The proposed equations allow to estimate the % BF from the weight and the WHtR. They are of simple calculation and have been validated reflecting great reliability. Their application is recommended for Spanish men and women in the considered age range (20 to 65 years)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Waist-Height Ratio , Body Weight/physiology , Adiposity/physiology , Body Composition/physiology , Spain/epidemiology , Body Weights and Measures/statistics & numerical data , Anthropometry/methods , Skinfold Thickness , Electric Impedance , Diabetes Mellitus/prevention & control , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared/methods
2.
Public Health Nutr ; 17(4): 870-6, 2014 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23537776

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the association between waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) and body fat and to develop predictive adiposity equations that will simplify the diagnosis of obesity in the paediatric age group. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study conducted in Spain during 2007 and 2008. Anthropometric dimensions were taken according to the International Biology Program. The children were classified as underweight, normal weight, overweight or obese according to national standards of percentage body fat (%BF). WtHR differences among nutritional status categories were evaluated using ANOVA. Correlation analysis and regression analysis were carried out using WtHR as a predictor variable for %BF. A t test was applied to the results obtained by the regression model and by the Siri equation. The degree of agreement between both methods was evaluated by estimating the intra-class correlation coefficient. SETTING: Elementary and secondary schools in Madrid (Spain). SUBJECTS: Girls (n 1158) and boys (n 1161) from 6 to 14 years old. RESULTS: WtHR differed significantly (P < 0.001) depending on nutritional status category. This index was correlated (P < 0.001) with all adiposity indicators. The mean %BF values estimated by the regression model (boys: %BF = 106.50 × WtHR - 28.36; girls: %BF = 89.73 × WtHR - 15.40) did not differ from those obtained by the Siri equation. The intra-class correlation coefficient (0.85 in boys, 0.79 in girls) showed a high degree of concordance between both methods. CONCLUSIONS: WtHR proved to be an effective method for predicting relative adiposity in 6-14-year-olds. The developed equations can help to simplify the diagnosis of obesity in schoolchildren.


Subject(s)
Adiposity , Body Height , Hispanic or Latino/statistics & numerical data , Obesity/diagnosis , Overweight/diagnosis , Waist Circumference , Adolescent , Body Mass Index , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Linear Models , Male , Socioeconomic Factors , Spain
3.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 70(4): 340-348, abr. 2009. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-59959

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la dinamometría es una prueba importante para evaluar el rendimiento físico y la condición nutricional de los sujetos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue elaborar un estándar de referencia para la fuerza muscular estática de la mano, aplicable a la población española de ambos sexos de entre 6 y 18años. Al mismo tiempo, profundizar en el conocimiento de la variación normal de esta característica en función de la edad, el sexo, el tamaño y la composición corporal. Material y métodos: la muestra se compuso de 2.125 sujetos de entre 6 y 18años (1.176 varones y 949 mujeres). La fuerza de presión de ambas manos se tomó con un dinamómetro ajustable digital. Se midió el peso, la talla, el perímetro del brazo y los pliegues adiposos subcutáneos. Se estimó el índice de masa corporal (IMC), el peso magro (PM), o libre de grasa, el porcentaje de grasa corporal y las áreas mesobraquiales. Se analizó la variabilidad ontogénica y sexual, y se elaboraron los correspondientes estándares con la media, la desviación estándar y la distribución percentilar para cada mano según sexo y edad. El análisis de correlación múltiple estableció la asociación entre fuerza manual, IMC y variables de composición corporal. Resultados y conclusiones: se observó un incremento de la dinamometría con la edad y un dimorfismo sexual significativo a partir de los 12 años. Se aportan tablas con valores obtenidos en niños y jóvenes españoles sanos para su uso como patrón de referencia. Del análisis efectuado se deduce que la fuerza estática de la mano se correlaciona más fuertemente con el PM y el área muscular del brazo que con las variables directas de tamaño o IMC (AU)


Introduction: Handgrip strength is an important test to evaluate physical fitness and nutritional status. The main objective of this research is to prepare a reference standard applicable to the Spanish population of both sexes between 6 and 18 years old. At the same time, to extend our knowledge of normal variation of this characteristic with age, gender, size and body composition. Materials and methods: The sample consisted of 2125 subjects between the 6 and 18 years (1176 boys and 949 girls). The handgrip strength of both hands was taken with a digital adjustable dynamometer. Weight, height, forearm circumference and skin fold thickness were measured mass index, fat free. Body mass, percentage of fat and total, muscle and fat forearm areas were estimated. Ontogenetic and sexual variability of dynamometric force was analysed and a table was produced with the mean, standard deviation and percentile distribution, by hand, age and gender. Multiple correlation analysis was applied to establish the relationship between handgrip dynamometric force, body mass index and body composition variables. Results and conclusion: Handgrip strength increases with age and a significant sexual dimorphism from the age of 12 years is observed. Growth charts with normal values obtained in healthy Spanish children and teenagers could be used as a reference pattern. The correlation between hand static force and fat free mass or arm muscle area is stronger than with direct size variables or body mass index (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Muscle Strength Dynamometer , Muscle Strength/physiology , Reference Values , Hand/growth & development , Hand/physiology , Sex Characteristics , Body Composition/physiology , Anthropometry/instrumentation , Body Mass Index , Disability Evaluation
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