[Clinical aspects and diagnostic characteristics of nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage]. / Klinika ta osoblyvosti diahnostyky netravmatychnoho vnutrishn'omozkovoho krovovylyvu.

The results of treatment of 235 young and middle age patients with nontraumatic intracerebral haemorrhage were analyzed. Diagnosis was verified with the help of computer tomography, magnetic-resonance tomography, angiography and basing on operational and autopsy data as well. Three main symptoms, reflecting the dislocational changes dynamics, were assigned.

[Sensitivity of human glial tumor cells of different grade of anaplasia to lysis due to natural killers depending on some characteristics of the glycoprotein structure of tumor cell membranes]. / Chuvstvitel'nost' kletok glial'nykh opukholei cheloveka raznoi stepeni anaplazii k lizisu, oposredovannomu estestvennymi killerami, v zavisimosti ot nekotorykh osobennostei glikoproteidnoi struktury membran opukholevykh kletok.

A study is presented of the sensitivity of freshly isolated cells (13 cases) to lysis due to natural killers (NK) depending on their malignancy grade and degree of their membrane sialization. The diagnoses were verified histologically (I-II grade gliomas-4 cases, grade III gliomas-3 cases, grade IV gliomas-6 cases). It was established that grade IV gliomas were most sensitive to NK-lysis. Treatment of tumor cells with neuraminidase increased the sensitivity to NK-lysis of grade I-III glioma cells and did not influence the sensitivity of grade IV gliomas. It is suggested that glycoprotein oligosaccharides of glial tumour cell membranes may play the role of target structures for lymphocytes-killers.

[Changes in the immune status of patients with brain tumors in the pre- and postoperative periods]. / Izmeneniia immunnogo statusa u bol'nykh s opukholiami golovnogo mozga v do- i posleoperatsionnom periode.

Changes of the immune status in patients with glioblastomas and meningiomas during the stages of surgical treatment were studied. Functional activity of lymphocytes suffers to a greater measure in patients in the preoperative period and the ratio of the lymphocyte T- and B-subpopulations changes. Preoperative management including hormonal therapy causes further inhibition of the immune status but has no effect on the degree of neurosensitization of the patients, which may be a risk factor of the development of postoperative complications of infectious-inflammatory neuroallergic etiology. Immunogenesis remains inhibited in the early postoperative period, on the 2nd-3rd day after the operation. By the 7th-10th postoperative day significant restoration of the number and functional activity of lymphocytes is encountered in patients with meningiomas, while in patients with glioblastomas inhibition of lymphocyte proliferative activity persists.

[The use of myelopid in the combined treatment of infectious-inflammatory complications in the postoperative period in neuro-oncology patients]. / Primenenie mielopida v kompleksnom lechenii infektsionno-vospalitel'nykh oslozhnenii v posleoperatsionnom periode u neiroonkologicheskikh bol'nykh.

Clinical observations over 48 neurosurgical patients with infectious inflammatory complications and study of their immune status showed that a course of immunocorrective therapy with myelopid produces a favourable clinical effect and normalizes the patient's immune status. Myelopid causes the best normalizing effect in patients with nontumorous pathology of the central nervous system and in extracerebral neoplasms.

[The antiblastic properties of reumycin (experimental research)]. / Antiblasticheskie svoistva reumitsina (éksperimental'noe issledovanie).

The work deals with the results of study of the antineoplastic activity of a Soviet produced antineoplastic antibiotic reumycin in relation to 35 glial tumors of various degrees of malignancy in primary cultures and in heterotransplantation under the capsule of kidneys in mice. In tissue cultures 71.5% of gliomas were sensitive to reumycin, in the subcapsular test 75% of tumors proved to be reumycin sensitive with fluctuations of inhibited growth of heterotransplants within a range of 27-75%. Among the reumycin resistant tumors, the cultures of one of the glioblastomas showed stimulation of proliferation, which justifies the necessity for testing the individual sensitivity of the tumor to reumycin in each concrete patient.

[Cyclic nucleotides in patients with brain meningiomas]. / Tsiklicheskie nukleotidy u bol'nykh s meningiomami golovnogo mozga.

A study is presented of cyclic nucleotides--adenosinmonophosphate and guanosinmonophosphate in patients with meningiomas of the brain. It was established that adenosinmonophosphate and guanosinmonophosphate is characterized by an increased content in patients with brain meningiomas. This indicates disorders of proliferative processes in the body and changes on the cellular level.

[Thromboembolism of the pulmonary arteries after the removal of meningiomas of the cerebral hemispheres]. / Tromboémboliia legochnykh arterii posle udaleniia meningiom bol'shikh polusharii.

The authors describe and analyse a grave postoperative complication in neuro-oncological patients, namely pulmonary artery thromboembolism which is almost always lethal. Predisposing factors of pulmonary artery thromboembolism and clinical manifestations of this complication are discussed. It is concluded that prophylactic measures against thromboembolism in all patients with meningiomas of the brain in the postoperative period are of importance.

[The effect of surgical intervention on the state of the immune system in brain tumors]. / Vliianie khirurgicheskogo vmeshatel'stva na sostoianie sistemy immuniteta pri opukholiakh golovnogo mozga.

In patients with benign and malignant brain tumors before the operation, the suppression of the immune system, in particular, proliferative response of lymphocytes to T- and B-mitogens was established. Preoperative preparation of the patients aggravated this process. At day 8-10 after the operation, normalization of the main indices of immunity in patients with benign tumors was noted. In malignant tumors after the operation, the increase in the contents of T- and B-lymphocytes against the background of decrease in their proliferative activity was observed.

[Adrenal hemorrhage following the removal of meningiomas of the cerebral hemispheres]. / Krovoizliianie v nadpochechniki posle udaleniia meningiom polusharii bol'shogo mozga.

Adrenal apoplexy was revealed in 14.6% of the patients, who died after removal of meningiomas of the cerebral hemispheres. This complication more often occurred in basal location of a tumor. Manifestation of acute adrenal apoplexy in the majority of neurooncologic patients are atypical because of their general severe state after removal of a tumor. Adrenal apoplexy usually was associated with hemorrhagic and ischemic disorders in the central nervous system and internal organs and led to the death of patients. A search for the methods of investigation, permitting to prognosticate this complication is necessary.

[Gastrointestinal hemorrhage after removal of brain tumors]. / Zheludochno-kishechnoe krovotechenie posle udaleniia opukholei golovnogo mozga.

The diagnosis of gastrointestinal bleeding after the removal of a brain tumor is very difficult due to the severity of the state of the patients. Treatment of the bleeding is effective only in influencing both its source and the higher vegetative centers.

[Efficacy of chemotherapy and immunochemotherapy in neuro-oncologic patients of various blood groups (ABO system)]. / Effektivnost' khimio- i immunokhimioterapii u neiroonkologicheskikh bol'nykh s razlichnoi gruppoi krovi (sistema ABO).

The efficacy of postoperative chemo- and immunochemotherapy was analysed according to the survival period from study of the catamnesis of patients who underwent operation for malignant (III-IV degree malignancy) gliomas. In analysing the efficacy of various schedules of combined treatment, the authors took into consideration the patients AB0 blood group because it is known that many antineoplastic antibiotics contain structures which are marked by cross reaction with the ABH isoantigens. The results of the study showed that the use of polychemotherapy and levamisole in neuro-oncological patients with A(II) and AB(IV) blood groups is promising. Levamisole and the antineoplastic antibiotic reumycin proved to be authentically effective in patients with A(II) blood group and ineffective in those with 0(I) blood group. The data obtained are recommended for use in individual selection of the schedule of chemo- and immunochemotherapy in patients with different AB0 blood group.

[Laser microsurgery of brain tumors]. / Lazernaia mikrokhirurgiia opukholei golovnogo mozga.

The authors report on a fundamentally new laser method of removal of brain tumors. The operation was carried out with a Soviet-produced surgical laser Sayany-MT (power of 60 W) interlocked with an operating microscope. Eighty-five operations were conducted by means of laser techniques. The use of the surgical carbon dioxide laser in neurooncology makes it possible to improve the conditions for performing the neurosurgical intervention and insures its radical character and a less injurious effect.

[Toxicity of anti-tumor preparations after intracranial, subarachnoid and suboccipital administration (experimental study)]. / Toksichnost' protivoopukholevykh preparatov pri vnutrimozgovom, subarakhnoidal'nom i suboktsipital'nom vvedenii (éksperimental'noe issledovanie.

Experiments were conducted on animals to study intrathecal injection of agents differing in the mechanism of action: variamycin, mitramycin, reumycin, proxyphein, and prospidin. Their acute toxicity in a single intracerebral injection and chronic toxicity in repeated suboccipital injection were studied. The brains of animals who died or were killed were studied pathomorphologically in different periods. Intracerebrally and suboccipitally injected variamycin and mitramycin induced marked toxic reactions, even the death of animals, and cannot be recommended for the neurooncological clinic. The antineoplastic reumycin, proxyphein, and prospidin cause no toxic reactions of the brain and meninges on injection by the above mentioned methods; they are recommended for approbation in the neurooncological clinic for the treatment of patients with malignant tumors of the brain by injection into the system of the cerebrospinal fluid.