Molecular dynamics model for the antibactericity of textured surfaces.

An original model has been developed for the initial stage of bacterial adhesion on textured surfaces. Based on molecular dynamics, the model describes contact between individual bacterial cells in a planktonic state and a surface, accounting for both the mechanical properties of the cells and the physico-chemical mechanisms governing interaction with the substrate. Feasibility of the model is assessed via comparison with experimental results of bacterial growth on stainless steel substrates textured with ultrashort laser pulses. Simulations are performed for two different bacterial species, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, on two distinct surface types characterised by elongated ripples and isolated nanopillars, respectively. Calculated results are in agreement with experiment outcomes and highlight the role of mechanical stresses within the cell wall due to deformation upon interaction with the substrate, creating unfavourable conditions for bacteria during the initial phases of adhesion. Furthermore, the flexibility of the model provides insight into the intricate interplay between topography and the physico-chemical properties of the substrate, pointing to a unified picture of the mechanisms underlying bacterial affinity to a textured surface.

Enhanced recovery after surgery efficacy in an older patients and high-risk population affected by colorectal cancer: a more than 1000 patients experience.

AIM: Enhanced recovery after surgery programs aims to standardize care, improving colorectal surgery outcomes. Older patients are a challenge population for these programs. The aim of this manuscript is to explore the effect of application Enhanced recovery after surgery protocol among older patients and high-risk patients undergone colorectal surgery for cancer. METHOD: Since January 2005, until September 2016, 1189 consecutive patients underwent elective Colorectal Surgery and treated according to our Enhanced recovery after surgery protocol. Patients are divided in three groups according to age: Group1 under 69 y-o (control group), Group2 70 to 79 y-o and Group3 over 80 y-o. Primary end point was Time to Readiness to Discharge. RESULTS: Median Time to Readiness to Discharge was 4 days (3-30) in Group 1, 5 (3-47) in Group 2 and 5 (3-19) in Group 3. Length of stay in Group 1 had a median length of 6 days (3-58), in Group 2 of 8 days (3-70) and in Group 3 of 8 days (3-53). CONCLUSIONS: Once more Enhanced recovery after surgery program has showed its efficacy in colorectal surgery field. Moreover, our experience has underlined the need to concentrate efforts mainly on older and high-risk patients.

Lateral periodontal cyst (LPC) mimicking periodontal socket in a young patient: report of a case and review of the literature.

Background: Lateral Periodontal cyst (LPC) is an uncommon development odontogenic cyst. Most papers are single case reports or series. Methods: We present a case of LPC occurred in a patient which symptoms and signs could mislead the diagnosis. A review of the literature is reported, emphasizing the clinical, radiographic and histopathological features of LPC. Results: A 28-years old female patient presented reporting pain and swelling at the lingual site of the #31.Spot lingual probing depth was 9 mm; sulcus bleeding and suppuration were found at probing. Radiographically well-defined radiolucency appeared in periodontal foramen area. The patient was treated with non-surgical and surgical therapy. Conclusions: LPC is an infrequent cystic lesion that occurs on lateral root vital tooth. In this case, the cyst mimicked a periodontal lesion. The surgical LPC excision solved the symptoms reported by the patient and improved periodontal parameters of the dental element. After 18 months since surgical treatment there aren't signs or symptoms of recurrence.

Dentists' perceptions, attitudes, knowledge, and experience about child abuse and neglect in northeast Italy.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze dentists' perceptions, attitudes, knowledge and experience about child abuse and neglect (CAN) in an area of northeast Italy and the factors affecting the recognition and reporting of CAN cases. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred six dentists working in both public and private sectors in the provinces of Padua and Treviso were interviewed by a single operator. Descriptive and assessing association analyses were carried out. RESULTS: Dentists' perceptions about CAN is low, and these professionals have a poor attitude toward confronting it according to the code of conduct and laws. Available information and education are also poor Education affects the detection and the reporting of CAN cases in a relevant way. Female gender is another factor that affects the attitude and the perception of CAN. CONCLUSIONS: The results, which are consistent with other studies, show that there is a general lack of knowledge about CAN that prevents dentists from detecting and identifying suspected cases. Despite its frequent occurrence among dental patients, neglect is the least known and identified type of abuse. Education is the critical element in enhancing the ability of professionals to detect cases.

Oral therapy with flurithromycin in ear, nose and throat infections.

In this study efficacy and tolerability of flurithromycin ethylsuccinate (FE) were evaluated in ear, nose and throat infections. One hundred and three patients were treated with FE tablets 375 mg 12-hourly for a mean duration of treatment of 8.2 days and they were divided into groups according to the pathology: pharyngitis/tonsillitis (chronic 7, acute 38), rhinosinusitis (chronic 7, acute 12), otitis (chronic 6, acute 32) and sialadenitis (acute 1). Patients evaluable for clinical efficacy were 101, among them a complete recovery was registered in 88.2%, an improvement in 9.9% and a treatment failure in 1.9%. Bacteriological evaluation was possible in 95 patients, showing the eradication of the pathogen in 94.7%. Tolerability was judged to be excellent in 81.6%, good in 15.5% and discrete in 2.9%. These results demonstrate that FE is safe and effective in the treatment of infections established on acute or chronic inflammatory states.

Flurithromycin ethylsuccinate in the treatment of lower respiratory tract bacterial infections.

Efficacy and tolerability of flurithromycin ethylsuccinate were evaluated in lower respiratory tract infections. One hundred and ten patients (38 women, 72 men; age range 18-87 years) were treated with on 375 mg tablet 12-hourly for a mean duration of 8.7 days. One hundred and five patients were evaluable for efficacy. Overall clinical cure rate was 62.9%; improvement was recorded in 19% of patients for a total satisfactory clinical response rate of 81.9%. Sputum production decreased in most patients, being absent after treatment in 47% (only one patient was negative at baseline); sputum was purulent or mucopurulent in 80% of subjects before and in 20% after treatment. Bacteriological evaluation was possible in 72 patients: pathogen eradication was achieved in 80.2% of cases. Eight patients out of 110 reported adverse reactions, mainly gastrointestinal; in one case treatment had to be discontinued. These results demonstrate that flurithromycin ethylsuccinate is safe and effective in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections.

Serum levels of flurithromycin ethylsuccinate in healthy volunteers.

The serum levels of flurithromycin ethylsuccinate achieved 30 min after a single oral dose of 375 mg were found to be equal or above the minimal inhibitory concentrations for sensitive strains, when administered to 12 healthy volunteers. The serum half-life was found to be approximately 4 h.