ABSTRACT
As plantas forrageiras tropicais apresentam alto potencial de produção de massa de forragem, condicionada às condições edafoclimáticas, principalmente à adubação nitrogenada. A magnitude da resposta depende do sincronismo entre a disponibilidade de nutrientes e as necessidades da planta forrageira na rebrotação, e os resultados encontrados na literatura são contrastantes. Assim, este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar características estruturais e bromatológicas de Panicum maximum Jacq cv. Massai submetido a quatro doses de nitrogênio (0, 40, 80 e 120mg/dm3) e três momentos de aplicação após o corte (um, três e sete dias), divididos em três cortes, em um esquema fatorial 4 x 3 e delineado inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro repetições. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação. O incremento na taxa de aparecimento de perfilhos, na densidade populacional de perfilhos, na produção de massa seca de folha total e nos teores de proteína bruta foi de 42%, 65%, 770% e 35%, respectivamente, para a dose de 120mg/dm³ em relação à ausência de adubação nitrogenada. As fibras em detergente neutro e em detergente ácido decresceram cerca de 6% e 9%, respectivamente, com a adição de nitrogênio. Apenas a massa seca de folha total respondeu às épocas de aplicação de nitrogênio após o corte, com valores pouco expressivos. A adubação nitrogenada exerce efeito positivo sobre as variáveis estudadas, porém novos estudos devem ser conduzidos para a definição da época de adubação de nitrogênio após o corte, para a melhor utilização do nutriente pelas plantas.(AU)
Tropical forage plants have a high potential for mass production of fodder, subject to soil and climatic conditions, especially with nitrogen fertilization. The magnitude of the response depends on the timing of availability of nutrients and forage plant needs in the regrowth. Thus, this work was carried out to evaluate structural and bromatologic characteristics of the Panicum maximum Jacq cv. Massai in response to four nitrogen doses (0, 40, 80 and 120mg/dm3) and with three application times after cutting (one, three and seven days) in a 4 x 3 factorial treatment combination, in a completely randomized design, with four replicates. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse. The increase in the rate of tillering, tiller population density, dry mass total leaf production and crude protein levels was 42%, 65%, 770% and 35%, respectively for the dose of 120mg / dm³ regarding the absence of fertilization. The neutral detergent and acid detergent fibers showed a decrease of 6% and 9% with nitrogen addition. Dry mass total leaf production responded to times of nitrogen application after cutting, with little significant values. Nitrogen fertilization has a positive effect on the variables studied, but new studies should be conducted to define the timing of nitrogen fertilization after cutting, for better utilization of this nutrient by plants.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Brachiaria , Food Analysis , Manure , Nitrogen/analysis , Nucleic Acids , Panicum , Food , Pasture , RuminantsABSTRACT
OBJETIVOS: 1) Valorar la utilidad pronóstica de la determinación inicial y seriada de la proteína fijadora de lipopolisacáridos (LBP) y de la procalcitonina (PCT) y 2) evaluar si su adicción a los scores de gravedad mejoraría su valor pronóstico. DISEÑO: Estudio prospectivo observacional. ÁMBITO: Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de un hospital general universitario. PACIENTES: Se incluyó a 100 pacientes ingresados por sepsis grave/shock séptico. Variables de interés Datos demográficos, APACHE II y SOFA, concentración de PCT y LBP inicial y a las 48 h y mortalidad hospitalaria. RESULTADOS: Los scores APACHE II al ingreso y SOFA a las 48 h presentaron el mayor rendimiento como predictores de mortalidad hospitalaria (AUC ROC: 0,75 para ambos). La concentración inicial de PCT y LBP y el aclaramiento de LBP fueron similares en pacientes supervivientes y fallecidos. Solo el aclaramiento de PCT fue superior en supervivientes respecto a los fallecidos (AUC ROC: 0,66). La combinación de los scores de gravedad con el aclaramiento de PCT no mejoró su valor pronóstico. CONCLUSIONES: La concentración inicial de LBP y de PCT y el aclaramiento de LBP no presentaron valor pronóstico en pacientes con sepsis grave/shock séptico. Solo el aclaramiento de PCT se comportó como predictor de mortalidad hospitalaria. El rendimiento de los scores APACHE II al ingreso y SOFA a las 48 h fue superior al de los biomarcadores analizados y la adición del aclaramiento de PCT no aumentó su valor pronóstico
AIMS: 1) To assess the prognostic value of levels on admission and serial measurements of lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) and procalcitonin (PCT) in relation to in-hospital mortality; and 2) to determine whether the addition of these parameters to severity scores (APACHE II and SOFA) is able to improve prognostic accuracy. DESIGN: A single-center, prospective observational study was carried out. Setting Intensive Care unit of a university hospital. PATIENTS: One hundred severe sepsis and septic shock patients were included. Data collected Demographic data, APACHE II and SOFA scores, PCT and LBP levels on admission and after 48hours, and in-hospital mortality. RESULTS: The best area under the curve for predicting in-hospital mortality corresponded to APACHE II on admission and SOFA after 48h (AUC ROC: 0.75 for both). PCT and LBP levels on admission and LBP clearance were not statistically different between in-hospital survivors and non-survivors. Only PCT clearance was higher among in-hospital survivors than in non-survivors (AUC ROC: 0.66). The combination of severity scores and PCT clearance did not result in superior areas under the curve. CONCLUSIONS: LBP and PCT levels on admission and LBP clearance showed no prognostic value in severe sepsis and septic shock patients. Only PCT clearance was predictive of in-hospital mortality. The prognostic accuracy was significantly better for APACHE on admission and SOFA after 48h than for any of the analyzed biomarkers, and the addition of PCT clearance did not improve their prognostic value
Subject(s)
Humans , Lipopolysaccharides/analysis , Carrier Proteins/analysis , Receptors, Calcitonin/metabolism , Hospital Mortality , Biomarkers/analysis , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
AIMS: 1) To assess the prognostic value of levels on admission and serial measurements of lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) and procalcitonin (PCT) in relation to in-hospital mortality; and 2) to determine whether the addition of these parameters to severity scores (APACHE II and SOFA) is able to improve prognostic accuracy. DESIGN: A single-center, prospective observational study was carried out. SETTING: Intensive Care unit of a university hospital. PATIENTS: One hundred severe sepsis and septic shock patients were included. DATA COLLECTED: Demographic data, APACHE II and SOFA scores, PCT and LBP levels on admission and after 48 hours, and in-hospital mortality. RESULTS: The best area under the curve for predicting in-hospital mortality corresponded to APACHE II on admission and SOFA after 48 h (AUC ROC: 0.75 for both). PCT and LBP levels on admission and LBP clearance were not statistically different between in-hospital survivors and non-survivors. Only PCT clearance was higher among in-hospital survivors than in non-survivors (AUC ROC: 0.66). The combination of severity scores and PCT clearance did not result in superior areas under the curve. CONCLUSIONS: LBP and PCT levels on admission and LBP clearance showed no prognostic value in severe sepsis and septic shock patients. Only PCT clearance was predictive of in-hospital mortality. The prognostic accuracy was significantly better for APACHE on admission and SOFA after 48 h than for any of the analyzed biomarkers, and the addition of PCT clearance did not improve their prognostic value.
