LC/MS-guided isolation and GNPS procedures to identify flavonoid of HCoV-OC43 inhibitors.

The screening of based target compounds supported by LC/MS, MS/MS and Global Natural Products Social (GNPS) used to identify the compounds 1-10 of Butea monsperma. They were evaluated in human malignant embryonic rhabdomyoma cells (RD cells) infected with Human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) and showed significant inhibitory activity. Target inhibition tests showed that compounds 6 and 8 inhibited the proteolytic enzyme 3CLpro, which is widely present in coronavirus and plays an important role in the replication process, with an effective IC50 value. The study confirmed that dioxymethylene of compound 8 may be a key active fragment in inhibiting coronavirus (EC50 7.2 µM, SI > 139.1). The results have led to identifying natural bioactive compounds for possible inhibiting HCoV-OC43 and developing drug for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).

First-line hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy plus lenvatinib and PD-(L)1 inhibitors versus systemic chemotherapy alone or with PD-(L)1 inhibitors in unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

PURPOSE: Limited treatment options exist for unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), with systemic chemotherapy (SC) serving as the primary approach. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of first-line hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) in combination with lenvatinib and PD-(L)1 inhibitors (HLP) compared to SC combined with PD-(L)1 inhibitors (SCP) or SC alone in treating unresectable ICC. METHODS: Patient with unresectable ICC who underwent first-line treatment with HLP, SCP or SC from January 2016 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The study evaluated and compared efficacy and safety outcomes across the three treatment groups. RESULTS: The study comprised 42, 49, and 50 patients in the HLP, SCP, and SC groups, respectively. Median progression-free survival (PFS) times were 30.0, 10.2, and 6.5 months for HLP, SCP, and SC groups. While the SC group had a median overall survival (OS) time of 21.8 months, the HLP and SCP groups hadn't reached median OS. The HLP group demonstrated significantly superior PFS (p < 0.001) and OS (p = 0.014) compared to the others. Moreover, the HLP group exhibited the highest objective response rate (ORR) at 50.0% and the highest disease control rate (DCR) at 88.1%, surpassing the SC group (ORR, 6.0%; DCR, 52.0%) and SCP group (ORR, 18.4%; DCR, 73.5%) (p < 0.05). Generally, the HLP group reported fewer grades 3-4 adverse events (AEs) compared with others. CONCLUSION: In contrast to systemic chemotherapy with or without PD-(L)1 inhibitors, the triple combination therapy incorporating HAIC, lenvatinib, and PD-(L)1 inhibitors showcased favorable survival benefits and manageable adverse events for unresectable ICC.

TBC1D1 is an energy-responsive polarization regulator of macrophages via governing ROS production in obesity.

Energy status is linked to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in macrophages, which is elevated in obesity. However, it is unclear how ROS production is upregulated in macrophages in response to energy overload for mediating the development of obesity. Here, we show that the Rab-GTPase activating protein (RabGAP) TBC1D1, a substrate of the energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), is a critical regulator of macrophage ROS production and consequent adipose inflammation for obesity development. TBC1D1 deletion decreases, whereas an energy overload-mimetic non-phosphorylatable TBC1D1S231A mutation increases, ROS production and M1-like polarization in macrophages. Mechanistically, TBC1D1 and its downstream target Rab8a form an energy-responsive complex with NOX2 for ROS generation. Transplantation of TBC1D1S231A bone marrow aggravates diet-induced obesity whereas treatment with an ultra-stable TtSOD for removal of ROS selectively in macrophages alleviates both TBC1D1S231A mutation- and diet-induced obesity. Our findings therefore have implications for drug discovery to combat obesity.

[Analysis and reflection on current situation of Chinese patent medicine for children in China].

This study took Chinese patent medicine for children included in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition and the first supplement), Medicine Catalogue for National Basic Medical Insurance, Work Injury Insurance, and Maternity Insurance(2022 edition), and National Essential Medicines List(2018 edition) as the research objects, so as to sort out the distribution situation, characteristics, and the problems of Chinese patent medicine for children(including child-specific medicines, common medicines for children and adults, and discretionary medicines for children). According to statistics and summary, Chinese patent medicine for children is mainly administered orally, and the dosage forms are mostly traditional dosage forms, such as tablets, granules, capsules, and oral liquids, with mostly bitter or sweet taste. Diseases are mainly classified into pulmonary diseases and spleen and stomach diseases, and varieties of medication without Children's medication safety information or "still unclear" account for a relatively large proportion of the medicines. There are relatively few varieties of Chinese patent medicines for children, poor compliance of child-specific medication, lack of refinement of Chinese patent medicines for children dosage, and lack of information about safe use of medication. It is recommended to update and improve the instruction manuals in a timely manner, develop new varieties of Chinese patent medicine for children, and actively carry out post-marketing evaluation and clinical comprehensive evaluation of Chinese patent medicine for children, so as to provide a reference for the supplement and improvement of the instructions, the comprehensive improvement, the formulation of the catalogue, and the research and development of new Chinese patent medicine for children and ensure the use of medicines for children.

Applicability of the generalized wind profile model over mountainous forests.

The analytical equation based on Monin-Obukhov (M-O) similarity theory (i.e., wind profile equation) has been adopted since 1970s for using in the prediction of wind vertical profile over flat terrains, which is mature and accurate. However, its applicability over complex terrains remains unknown. This applicability signifies the accuracy of the estimations of aerodynamic parameters for the boundary layer of non-flat terrain, such as zero-displacement height (d) and aerodynamic roughness length (z0), which will determine the accuracy of frequency correction and source area analysis in calculating carbon, water, and trace gas fluxes based on vorticity covariance method. Therefore, the validation of wind profile model in non-flat terrain is the first step to test whether the flux model needs improvement. We measured three-dimensional wind speed data by using the Ker Towers (three towers in a watershed) at Qingyuan Forest CERN in the Mountainous Region of east Liaoning Province, and compared them with data from Panjin Agricultural Station in the Liaohe Plain, to evaluate the applicability of a generalized wind profile model based on the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory on non-flat terrain. The results showed that the generalized wind profile model could not predict wind speeds accurately of three flux towers separately located in different sites, indicating that wind profile model was not suitable for predicting wind speeds in complex terrains. In the leaf-off and leaf-on periods, the coefficient of determination (R2) between observed and predicted wind speeds ranged from 0.12 to 0.30. Compared to measured values, the standard error of the predicted wind speeds was high up to 2 m·s-1. The predicted wind speeds were high as twice as field-measured wind speed, indicating substantial overestimation. Nevertheless, this model correctly predicted wind speeds in flat agricultural landscape in Panjin Agricultural Station. The R2 between observed wind speeds and predicted wind speed ranged from 0.90 to 0.93. The standard error between observed and predicted values was only 0.5 m·s-1. Results of the F-test showed that the root-mean-square error of the observed and predicted wind speeds in each secondary forest complex terrain was much greater than that in flat agricultural landscape. Terrain was the primary factor affecting the applicability of wind profile model, followed by seasonality (leaf or leafless canopy). The wind profile model was not applicable to the boundary-layer flows over forest canopies in complex terrains, because the d was underestimated or both the d and z0 were underestimated, resulting in inaccurate estimation of aerodynamic height.

Atopic Dermatitis Associated Retinal Detachment and Retinal Vasculitis: A Case Report.

Atopic dermatitis is usually associated with various ocular complications. We report a 21-year-old Chinese male who presented to our ophthalmology clinic with bilateral retinal detachment and cataracts. The patient had a clear medical history of atopic dermatitis, which had been diagnosed eight years earlier and had been treated with loratadine and pimecrolimus. Cataract surgery was performed for both eyes, combined with scleral buckling for the right eye and pars plana vitrectomy for the left eye. During postoperative follow-up, fundus fluorescein angiography showed retinal vasculitis in both eyes and macular edema in the left eye, which coincided with an exacerbation of atopic dermatitis. Macular edema improved after four months of regular dupilumab treatment in the dermatology department. The ocular condition remained stable three years postoperatively.

Factors influencing the accuracy and safety of preoperative computed tomography (CT)-guided soft hook-wire localization for pulmonary nodules: a comprehensive analysis.

Background: The necessity of localization of pulmonary nodules lies in ensuring the ability to locate the nodule quickly and accurately during surgery, thereby improving the success rate of the operation. The accuracy and risk of preoperative localization of pulmonary nodules need further exploration. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the factors of accuracy and safety of computed tomography (CT)-guided localization of pulmonary nodules using a flexible wire hook positioner. Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional analysis, 281 patients with a single pulmonary nodule underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) following localization with a soft hook-wire guided by CT scan from January 2021 to July 2022 at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital. The patients underwent VATS to remove pulmonary nodules within 24 hours after localization. The demographic, pulmonary nodule, and technical factors were analyzed retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to analyze the identified factors that influence pulmonary nodule localization accuracy and complications. Results: Localization was successfully performed in 280 patients, with only 1 patient being excluded due to a displaced positioner and the hook wire failing to enter the lung parenchyma as a result of pneumothorax. Out of the total cases, 191 (68.2%) were accurately positioned in group G0, whereas 89 cases (31.7%) were inaccurately positioned in group G1. Hemorrhage and self-limited hemoptysis were observed in 64 patients (22.8%), whereas pneumothorax was observed in 84 patients (29.9%). There were no serious complications such as air embolism or death. The accuracy of localization was found to be influenced by both the depth of pulmonary nodules [odds ratio (OR) =22.610, 95% confidence interval (CI): 10.351-49.391, P=0.001] and the depth of the needle used (OR =0.322, 95% CI: 0.136-0.765, P=0.010). Additionally, postoperative hemorrhage was found to be affected by several important factors, including the diameter (P=0.036) and depth of the nodule (P=0.011), as well as the thickness of the chest wall (P=0.043) and the depth of the needle used (P=0.005). Conclusions: The CT-guided flexible wire hook positioner has been found to be a safe and effective device for locating pulmonary nodules. The depth of pulmonary nodules and needle penetration are key factors affecting the accuracy of lung nodule localization under CT guidance and are important factors affecting postoperative bleeding.

Acupoint selection rules of acupuncture for Tourette syndrome in children. / 针刺治疗儿童Tourette综合征选穴规律.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the rules of acupoint selection and compatibility of acupuncture for Tourette syndrome(TS) in children. METHODS: The relevant literature regarding acupuncture for Tourette syndrome in children included in CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library from the establishment of the database to March 31st, 2023 was retrieved.The information of acupuncture prescription, syndrome type, meridian affinity was extracted to set up database. The Microsoft Excel 2019 was used for descriptive statistical analysis, SPSS modeler18.0 was for association rule analysis, lantern5.0 was for latent structure analysis and comprehensive clustering. RESULTS: ①A total of 80 literature was included, and 112 acupuncture prescriptions were extracted, involving 104 acupoints, with a cumulative frequency of 859 times.②The acupoints with high use frequency were Taichong(LR 3), Baihui(GV 20), Fengchi(GB 20), Hegu(LI 4), Sishencong(EX-HN 1), Sanyinjiao(SP 6) and Zusanli(ST 36).③In the treatment of TS with acupuncture, the governor vessel acupoints were the most frequently used, the proportion of acupoints on the head, face, neck and lower limbs was higher. ④The association rule analysis showed that Fengchi(GB 20)-Hegu(LI 4) and Taichong(LR 3)-Hegu(LI 4) had the highest support degree, both were 47.32%.⑤Five comprehensive clustering models were obtained by analyzing the latent structure of high-frequency acupoints, corresponding to yin deficiency disturbing wind, liver hyperactivity and spleen deficiency, liver yang transforming into wind, phlegm-heat harassing the interior and qi stagnation transformed fire. CONCLUSIONS: Acupuncture for TS in children is based on the principle of soothe the liver and extinguish the wind, regulating qi and blood, and paying attention to regulating spirit and qi. The core acupoints are Fengchi(GB 20), Hegu(LI 4), Taichong(LR 3), Baihui(GV 20), Sanyinjiao(SP 6) , Zusanli(ST 36), acupoints should be selected according to different syndrome in clinical.

Enhancing biohydrogen production from xylose through natural FeS2 ore: Mechanistic insights.

In this study, we investigated the advantages of utilizing natural FeS2 ore in the context of dark fermentative hydrogen production within a fermentation system employing heat-treated anaerobic granular sludge with xylose as the carbon source. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in both hydrogen production and the maximum rate, with increases of 2.58 and 4.2 times, respectively. Moreover, the presence of FeS2 ore led to a reduction in lag time by more than 2-3 h. The enhanced biohydrogen production performance was attributed to factors such as the intracellular NADH/NAD+ ratio, redox-active components of extracellular polymeric substances, secreted flavins, as well as the presence of hydrogenase and nitrogenase. Furthermore, the FeS2 ore served as a direct electron donor and acceptor during biohydrogen production. This study shed light on the underlying mechanisms contributing to the improved performance of biohydrogen production from xylose during dark fermentation through the supplementation of natural FeS2 ore.

Supplementation with Eupatilin during In Vitro Maturation Improves Porcine Oocyte Developmental Competence by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress.

Eupatilin (5,7-dihydroxy-3',4',6-trimethoxyflavone) is a flavonoid derived from Artemisia plants that has beneficial biological activities, such as anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the protective effects of eupatilin against oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in porcine oocyte maturation are still unclear. To investigate the effect of eupatilin on the development of porcine oocytes after in vitro maturation and parthenogenetic activation, we added different concentrations of eupatilin in the process of porcine oocyte maturation in vitro, and finally selected the optimal concentration following multiple comparisons and analysis of test results using SPSS (version 17.0; IBM, Chicago, IL, USA) software. The results showed that 0.1 µM eupatilin supplementation did not affect the expansion of porcine cumulus cells, but significantly increased the extrusion rate of porcine oocyte polar bodies, the subsequent blastocyst formation rate, and the quality of parthenogenetically activated porcine embryos. Additionally, it reduced the level of reactive oxygen species in cells and increased glutathione production. Further analysis revealed that eupatilin supplementation could reduce apoptosis, DNA double-strand breaks, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. In conclusion, supplementation with 0.1 µM eupatilin during in vitro maturation improved oocyte maturation and subsequent embryo development by reducing oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Retinal Vasculitis as an Ocular Manifestation in Atopic Dermatitis-Associated Retinal Detachment: A Case Report.

Atopic dermatitis is usually associated with various ocular complications. We report a 21-year-old Chinese male who presented to our ophthalmology clinic with bilateral retinal detachment and cataracts. The patient had a clear medical history of atopic dermatitis, which had been diagnosed eight years earlier and had been treated with loratadine and pimecrolimus. Cataract surgery was performed in both eyes, combined with scleral buckling in the right eye and pars plana vitrectomy in the left eye. During postoperative follow-up, fundus fluorescein angiography indicated retinal vasculitis in both eyes and macular edema in the left eye, which coincided with an exacerbation of atopic dermatitis. Macular edema improved after four months of regular dupilumab treatment in the dermatology department. The ocular condition remained stable three years postoperatively.

Phase I dose-escalation study of nab-paclitaxel combined with cisplatin and capecitabin as induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Nab-paclitaxel is a promising albumin-bound paclitaxel with a therapeutic index superior to that of docetaxel, but the optimal dose of nab-paclitaxel combined with cisplatin and capecitabine as induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy for patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma remains unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was an open-label, single-arm study investigating the safety and efficacy of nab-paclitaxel + cisplatin + capecitabin as IC for three cycles, followed by cisplatin CCRT, conducted by using the standard "3 + 3" design in LA-NPC. If more than one-third of the patients in a cohort experienced dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), the dose used in the previous cohort was designated the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). The recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) was defined as one level below the MTD. RESULTS: From 29 May 2021 to 17 March 2022, 19 patients with LA-NPC were enrolled, one patient withdrew informed consent. Two DLTs occurred in cohort 4 (grade 4 febrile neutropenia and grade 3 peripheral neuropathy), and an MTD was established as 225 mg/m2. The most frequent grade 3 or 4 adverse events were neutropenia (16.7 %), hypertriglyceridemia (16.7 %), leukopenia (5.6 %) and peripheral neuropathy (5.6 %) during IC. CONCLUSION: The RP2D is nab-paclitaxel 200 mg/m2 on day 1, combined with cisplatin 75 mg/mg2 on day 1 and capecitabin1000 mg/m2 on days 1-14, twice a day, every 3 weeks, for three cycles as an IC regimen prior to CCRT. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04850235.

Effects of Low Light after Heading on the Yield of Direct Seeding Rice and Its Physiological Response Mechanism.

As a photophilous plant, rice is susceptible to low-light stress during its growth. The Sichuan Basin is a typical low-light rice-producing area. In this study, eight rice varieties with different shade tolerances were studied from 2021 to 2022. The physiological adaptability and yield formation characteristics of rice were studied with respect to photosynthetic physiological characteristics and dry matter accumulation characteristics, and the response mechanism of rice to low light stress was revealed. The results showed that the shading treatment significantly increased the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll contents in the leaves of direct-seeded rice after heading, and the total chlorophyll content increased by 1.68-29.70%. Nitrate reductase (NR) activity first increased and then decreased under each treatment, and the shading treatment reduced the NR activity of direct-seeded rice. Compared to the control treatment, the peroxidase (POD) activity of each variety increased from 7 to 24 d after the shading treatment. The transketolase (TK) activity in direct-seeded hybrid rice increased under low light stress. Compared with the control, shading treatment significantly reduced the aboveground dry matter, grain number per panicle, and seed setting rate of direct-seeded rice at the full heading stage and maturity stage, thus reducing the yield of direct-seeded rice by 26.10-34.11%. However, under the shading treatment, Zhenliangyou 2018 and Jingliangyou 534 maintained higher chlorophyll content and related enzyme activities, accumulated more photosynthetic products, and reduced yield. In general, Zhenliangyou 2018 and Jingliangyou 534 still had a yield of 7.06-8.33 t·hm-2 under low light. It indicated that Zhenliangyou 2018 and Jingliangyou 534 had better stability and stronger tolerance to weak light stress and had a higher yield potential in weak light areas such as Sichuan.

Iridociliary Body Metastasis of Atypical Carcinoid: Case Management with Intravitreal Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Injections.

We report a rare case involving a 52-year-old female diagnosed with an atypical bronchial carcinoid tumor with metastases to the mediastinum, hilar lymph nodes, breast, and pancreas. In additional, the patient had metastases to the iris and ciliary body, resulting in progressive vision loss in her left eye. Treatment was successful by intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor.

Improving the developmental competences of porcine parthenogenetic embryos by Notoginsenoside R1-induced enhancement of mitochondrial activity and alleviation of proapoptotic events.

Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1), derived from the Panax notoginseng root and rhizome, exhibits diverse pharmacological influences on the brain, neurons, and osteoblasts, such as antioxidant effects, mitochondrial function protection, energy metabolism regulation, and inhibition of oxygen radicals, apoptosis, and cellular autophagy. However, its effect on early porcine embryonic development remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated NGR1's effects on blastocyst quality, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, glutathione (GSH) levels, mitochondrial function, and embryonic development-related gene expression in porcine embryos by introducing NGR1 during the in vitro culture (IVC) of early porcine embryos. Our results indicate that an addition of 1 µM NGR1 significantly increased glutathione (GSH) levels, blastocyst formation rate, and total cell number and proliferation capacity; decreased ROS levels and apoptosis rates in orphan-activated porcine embryos; and improved intracellular mitochondrial distribution, enhanced membrane potential, and reduced autophagy. In addition, pluripotency-related factor levels were elevated (NANOG and octamer-binding transcription factor 4 [OCT4]), antioxidant-related genes were upregulated (nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 [NRF2]), and apoptosis- (caspase 3 [CAS3]) and autophagy-related genes (light chain 3 [LC3B]) were downregulated. These results indicate that NGR1 can enhance early porcine embryonic development by protecting mitochondrial function.

Melatonin Supplementation during In Vitro Maturation of Porcine Oocytes Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Induced by Imidacloprid Exposure.

Imidacloprid (IMI) is an endogenous neonicotinoid insecticide widely used in agriculture and has attracted researchers' attention because of its risks to the environment and human health. Melatonin (MT) is an antioxidant hormone produced by the pineal gland of the brain. Studies have shown that it has a variety of physiological functions and plays a crucial role in the development of animal germ cells and embryos. The potential protective effects of MT against oocyte damage caused by neonicotinoid pesticide toxicity remain unclear. In this study, we report the toxicity of IMI against, and its effects on the quality of, porcine oocytes and the protective effect of MT on IMI-exposed oocytes. The results show that IMI exposure adversely affected oocyte maturation, while MT supplementation ameliorated its toxic effects. Specifically, IMI exposure increased oxidative stress (OS), endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and apoptosis, which may affect polar body expulsion rates and blastocyst formation. Also, IMI exposure reduced oocyte cleavage rates and the number of cells in blastocysts. However, all of these toxic effects can be restored after a melatonin supplementation treatment. In conclusion, these results suggest that melatonin has a protective effect on IMI-induced defects during porcine oocyte maturation.

BDE-47 Induces Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress to Inhibit Early Porcine Embryonic Development.

Widely used as a flame retardant, 2,2'4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) is a persistent environmental pollutant with toxicological effects, including hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, and endocrine disruption. To investigate the toxicological effects of BDE-47 on early porcine embryogenesis in vitro, cultured porcine embryos were exposed to BDE-47 during early development. Exposure to 100 µM BDE-47 decreased the blastocyst rate and mRNA level of pluripotency genes but increased the level of LC3 and the expression of autophagy-related genes. After BDE-47 exposure, porcine embryos' antioxidant capability decreased; ROS levels increased, while glutathione (GSH) levels and the expression of antioxidant-related genes decreased. In addition, BDE-47 exposure reduced mitochondrial abundance and mitochondrial membrane potential levels, downregulated mitochondrial biogenesis-associated genes, decreased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) abundance, increased the levels of GRP78, a marker of ER stress (ERS), and upregulated the expression of ERS-related genes. However, ER damage and low embryo quality induced by BDE-47 exposure were reversed with the ERS inhibitor, the 4-phenylbutyric acid. In conclusion, BDE-47 inhibits the development of early porcine embryos in vitro by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and ERS. This study sheds light on the mechanisms of BDE-47-induced embryonic toxicity.

Using multiple indicators to predict the risk of surgical site infection after ORIF of tibia fractures: a machine learning based study.

Objective: Surgical site infection (SSI) are a serious complication that can occur after open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of tibial fractures, leading to severe consequences. This study aimed to develop a machine learning (ML)-based predictive model to screen high-risk patients of SSI following ORIF of tibial fractures, thereby aiding in personalized prevention and treatment. Methods: Patients who underwent ORIF of tibial fractures between January 2018 and October 2022 at the Department of Emergency Trauma Surgery at Ganzhou People's Hospital were retrospectively included. The demographic characteristics, surgery-related variables and laboratory indicators of patients were collected in the inpatient electronic medical records. Ten different machine learning algorithms were employed to develop the prediction model, and the performance of the models was evaluated to select the best predictive model. Ten-fold cross validation for the training set and ROC curves for the test set were used to evaluate model performance. The decision curve and calibration curve analysis were used to verify the clinical value of the model, and the relative importance of features in the model was analyzed. Results: A total of 351 patients who underwent ORIF of tibia fractures were included in this study, among whom 51 (14.53%) had SSI and 300 (85.47%) did not. Of the patients with SSI, 15 cases were of deep infection, and 36 cases were of superficial infection. Given the initial parameters, the ET, LR and RF are the top three algorithms with excellent performance. Ten-fold cross-validation on the training set and ROC curves on the test set revealed that the ET model had the best performance, with AUC values of 0.853 and 0.866, respectively. The decision curve analysis and calibration curves also showed that the ET model had the best clinical utility. Finally, the performance of the ET model was further tested, and the relative importance of features in the model was analyzed. Conclusion: In this study, we constructed a multivariate prediction model for SSI after ORIF of tibial fracture through ML, and the strength of this study was the use of multiple indicators to establish an infection prediction model, which can better reflect the real situation of patients, and the model show great clinical prediction performance.