Multi-omics analysis provides new insights into the changes of important nutrients and fructose metabolism in loquat bud sport mutant.

Bud sport is a common and stable somatic variation in perennial fruit trees, and often leads to significant modification of fruit traits and affects the breeding value. To investigate the impact of bud sport on the main metabolites in the fruit of white-fleshed loquat, we conducted a multi-omics analysis of loquat fruits at different developmental stages of a white-fleshed bud sport mutant of Dongting loquat (TBW) and its wild type (TBY). The findings from the detection of main fruit quality indices and metabolites suggested that bud sport resulted in a reduction in the accumulation of carotenoids, fructose, titratable acid and terpenoids at the mature stage of TBW, while leading to the accumulation of flavonoids, phenolic acids, amino acids and lipids. The comparably low content of titratable acid further enhances the balanced and pleasent taste profile of TBW. Expression patterns of differentially expressed genes involved in fructose metabolism exhibited a significant increase in the expression level of S6PDH (EVM0006243, EVM0044405) prior to fruit maturation. The comparison of protein sequences and promoter region of S6PDH between TBY and TBW revealed no structural variations that would impact gene function or expression, indicating that transcription factors may be responsible for the rapid up-regulation of S6PDH before maturation. Furthermore, correlation analysis helped to construct a comprehensive regulatory network of fructose metabolism in loquat, including 23 transcription factors, six structural genes, and nine saccharides. Based on the regulatory network and existing studies, it could be inferred that transcription factors such as ERF, NAC, MYB, GRAS, and bZIP may promote fructose accumulation in loquat flesh by positively regulating S6PDH. These findings improve our understanding of the nutritional value and breeding potential of white-fleshed loquat bud sport mutant, as well as serve as a foundation for exploring the genes and transcription factors that regulate fructose metabolism in loquat.

Theranostics application of tumor-initiating cell probe TiY in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Tumor-initiating cells (TIC) often elude conventional cancer treatment, which results in metastasis and cancer relapse. Recently, studies have begun to focus on the TIC population in tumors to provide better therapeutic options. Previously, we have reported the successful development of a TIC-specific probe TiY with the binding target as vimentin. While a low concentration of TiY showed a TIC visualization, at a high concentration, TiY induced selective toxicity onto TIC in vitro. In this study, we aim to assess TiY's applicability in theranostics purposes, from in vivo visualization to therapeutic effect toward TIC, in cancer mouse models. Methods: We performed cell experiments with the TIC line model derived from resected primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient tumor. The animal model studies were conducted in mice of NSCLC patient-derived xenograft (PDX). TiY was intravenously delivered into the mice models at different concentrations to assess its in vivo TIC-selective staining and therapeutic effect. Results: We demonstrated the TIC-selective identification and therapeutic effect of TiY in animal models. TiY treatment induced a significant ablation of the TIC population in the tumor, and further molecular study elucidated that the mechanism of TiY is through vimentin dynamics in TIC. Conclusion: The results underscore the applicability of TiY for cancer treatment by selectively targeting soluble vimentin in TIC.

Roles of Microglia in AD Pathology.

Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are two main characteristics of Alzheimer's disease (AD). As cerebral resident phagocytes, microglia have different roles in Aß pathology and tau pathology. In this review, we discuss microglial functions in the formation, clearance, and spread of Aß and tau. Many receptors and enzymes, which are related to microglia, participate in AD pathologies and thus are thought to be potential targets of AD. So, making use of microglia can be beneficial to confine AD pathologies. To sum up, this article review the roles of microglia in AD pathology and possible corresponding treatments.

BMI Modifies the Association Between Depression Symptoms and Serum Copper Levels.

Depression is one of the most common mental disorders which dramatically threatens public health and wellness. Copper has been known to be involved in many biological processes that could help explaining the occurrence of depression. However, studies focusing on its effect have yielded mixed results. The present study aims to evaluate the association between serum copper levels and depression symptoms. It also investigates the effect of modification of BMI (body mass index) on depression symptoms. A total of 5419 US adults aged 20 years or older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2016 participated in the cross-sectional study. Logistic regression models were applied using depression levels as the outcome and serum cooper/selenium/zinc categories as the main predictor, with the adjustments of gender, age, marital status, race, education, family income level, alcohol drinking, cigarette smoking, diabetes, pressure, stroke, and BMI. The interaction terms for copper levels and other covariates were further incorporated into the model to assess their roles in predicting depression symptoms. The prevalence of depression symptoms was significantly higher in samples with a high copper level. Among the levels of serum copper, selenium, and zinc, only the association between depression symptoms and serum copper levels was observed to be significant in the unadjusted model (P = 0.002). Individuals with a high copper level (114-134 µg/dL) and a very high copper level (≥ 134 µg/dL) had 1.85 (95% CI 1.24, 2.77)- and 1.72 (95% CI 1.21, 2.44)-fold higher odds ratio of depression symptoms, respectively, compared to those with a normal serum copper level. Although the association was not significant in the adjusted models, in which confounders were added, the interaction of copper level, including high and very high copper levels, and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) exhibited significantly higher odds ratio (4.12 (95% CI 1.38, 12.27) and 4.53 (95% CI 1.87, 10.96)) of having depression symptoms. The concentration of serum copper was positively associated with the prevalence of depression symptoms. Obesity exacerbated the risk of having depression symptoms in people with high serum copper levels.

Exploration and Practice of the "One Combination, Two Highlights, Three Combinations, Four in One" Innovative Talents Training Mode in Forensic Medicine / 法医学杂志

Talent is one of the basic and strategic supports for building a modern socialist country in all aspects. Since the 1980s, the establishment of forensic medicine major and the cultivation of innovative talents in forensic medicine have become hot topics in higher education in forensic medicine. Over the past 43 years, the forensic medicine team of Shanxi Medical University has adhered to the joint education of public security and colleges, and made collaborative innovation, forming a training mode of "One Combination, Two Highlights, Three Combinations, Four in One" for innovative talents in forensic medicine. It has carried out "5+3/X" integrated reform, and formed a relatively complete talent training innovation mode and management system in teaching, scientific research, identification, major, discipline, team, platform and cultural construction. It has made a historic contribution to China's higher forensic education, accumulated valuable experience for the construction of first-class major and first-class discipline of forensic medicine, and provided strong support for the construction of the national new forensic talent training system. The popularization of this training mode is conducive to the rapid and sustainable development of forensic science, and provides more excellent forensic talents for national building, regional social development and the discipline construction of forensic science.

Serum iodine levels and influencing factors of adults with different thyroid health conditions / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To explore the medical reference values, distribution characteristics and influencing factors of serum iodine in adults with different thyroid health conditions, and to evaluate the importance of serum iodine in evaluating individual iodine nutrition.Methods:From February 2017 to November 2018, multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was used to select one community and one agricultural (fishing) village in the coastal Yingkou City and the inland areas of Shenyang City of Liaoning Province as survey sites. Cluster sampling of adults over 18 years old who had lived for five years were conducted with questionnaire survey, clinical physical examination and thyroid ultrasound examination. Fasting venous blood samples and one random urine sample were collected from all subjects for serum iodine, thyroid hormone, antibody and urine iodine detection. The 95% medical reference value of serum iodine was established by using the percentage quantile method, and the reference value, distribution characteristics and influencing factors of serum iodine in adults with different thyroid health status were analyzed. The diagnostic value of iodine nutritional indicators in thyroid diseases was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:A total of 2 931 adults were surveyed, with serum iodine levels of 62.1 (53.6, 72.2) μg/L, ranging from 5.6 to 642.3 μg/L; urine iodine was 167.6 (111.2, 244.2) μg/L, and the overall iodine level was at an appropriate level. A total of 1 089 patients with thyroid diseases were examined, with a detection rate of 37.2% (1 089/2 931); among them, there were 597 cases of thyroid nodules, 56 cases of endemic goiter, 42 cases of hypothyroidism, 161 cases of subclinical hypothyroidism, 27 cases of hyperthyroidism, 18 cases of subclinical hyperthyroidism, and 474 cases of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). There was a statistically significant difference in the detection of thyroid diseases among adults with different levels of serum iodine (χ 2 = 13.80, P < 0.05). The reference values of serum iodine in normal adults, hypothyroidism (without thyroid hormone intervention), hyperthyroidism (without anti thyroid hormone drug treatment), AITD, endemic goiter, and thyroid nodules were 37.2 - 103.0, 12.5 - 52.8, 49.9 - 163.1, 34.3 - 129.3, 27.3 - 92.8, and 37.9 - 119.5 μg/L, respectively. The ROC curve analysis results showed that the serum iodine area under curve(AUC) of patients with hyperthyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism, endemic goiter, thyroid nodules, and AITD were 0.94, 0.61, 0.55, 0.53, and 0.52, respectively. The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in adult serum iodine levels among different positions, regions, age, education level, occupation, iodine intake, blood pressure, and body mass index ( P < 0.05). Conclusions:There are significant differences in serum iodine levels among adults with different thyroid health conditions, and evaluation standards and systems should be developed separately. Serum iodine is an important indicator for evaluating individual iodine nutrition.

Comparative study on pathological characteristics of four different antigen-induced rheumatoid arthritis mouse models / 药学学报

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease driven by antigens and mediated by T cells. Collagen II (CII) and fibrinogen (Fib) are the two main antigens in the pathogenesis of RA. The antigen produced after citrulline modification (Cit) is also one of the inducements to induce the body to produce a pathogenic anti-citrulline protein antibody (ACPA). To provide a reference for RA-related research, this study intends to establish an RA animal model by using CII, Cit-CII, Fib, and Cit-Fib antigens, emulsification with complete Freund's adjuvant and immunization with DBA/1 mice, respectively, to compare the pathological characteristics of RA models induced by different antigens from the aspects of pathology, imaging and serum biochemistry. Animal welfare and experimental process are in accordance with the regulations of the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. The results showed that the CII, Cit-CII, and Cit-Fib induced mice all had symptoms such as joint redness and swelling, and toe deformation and the clinical score and incidence rate were higher than those of the normal group. The CII group had the most serious lesions, with a incidence rate of 100%, and the Cit-CII and Cit-Fib groups had mild symptoms, with a incidence rate of 25% and 37.5%, respectively; pathological and imaging examination results showed that the joints of mice in CII-induced group showed severe synovial inflammation, cartilage and bone destruction, while those in Cit-CII and Cit-Fib group showed only slight inflammatory infiltration, joint cavity stenosis and bone destruction; the results of serum antibody detection showed that CII, Cit-CII and Cit-Fib groups all produced high levels of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibodies, among which, Cit-Fib group > Cit-CII group > CII group > Fib group, and both Cit-CII and Cit-Fib groups produced high levels of citrullinated epitope-specific antibodies, while the total IgG level was the highest in CII group; serum ELISA and RT-PCR analysis of joint tissue showed that the expression of pro-inflammatory factors and bone destruction-related molecules increased most significantly in the CII-induced group, followed by Cit-Fib and Cit-CII. The above results showed that among the four different antigens, the symptoms and conditions of arthritis in RA mice induced by CII were the most serious, and IgG instead of anti-CCP antibody was its typical immunological feature, and CII could be the first choice for the model of RA mice; Cit-Fib has certain immunogenicity, can partially induce the symptoms and conditions of RA arthritis in mice, and produce high-level anti-CCP antibody and anti-Cit-Fib antibody, which is more suitable for the study of citrulline-related RA; although Cit-CII has certain immunogenicity, the incidence, and severity of RA arthritis induced by Cit-CII in mice are low.

The role of Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signal pathway in liver injury induced by rare earth neodymium oxide in mice / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To investigate the role of Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in liver injury induced by neodymium oxide (Nd(2)O(3)) in mice. Methods: In March 2021, forty-eight SPF grade healthy male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control group (0.9% NaCl), low dose group (62.5 mg/ml Nd(2)O(3)), medium dose group (125.0 mg/ml Nd(2)O(3)), and high dose group (250.0 mg/ml Nd(2)O(3)), each group consisted of 12 animals. The infected groups were treated with Nd(2)O(3) suspension by non-exposed tracheal drip and were killed 35 days after dust exposure. The liver weight of each group was weighed and the organ coefficient was calculated. The content of Nd(3+) in liver tissue was detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). HE staining and immunofluorescence was used to observe the changes of inflammation and nuclear entry. The mRNA expression levels of Keap1, Nrf2 and HO-1 in mice liver tissue were detected by qRT-PCR. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression levels of Keap1 and HO-1. The contents of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) were detected by colorimetric method. The contents of interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were determined by ELISA. The data was expressed in Mean±SD. Two-independent sample t-test was used for inter-group comparison, and one-way analysis of variance was used for multi-group comparison. Results: Compared with the control group, the liver organ coefficient of mice in medium and high dose groups were increased, and the Nd(3+) accumulation in liver of mice in all dose groups were significantly increased (P<0.05). Pathology showed that the structure of liver lobules in the high dose group was slightly disordered, the liver cells showed balloon-like lesions, the arrangement of liver cell cords was disordered, and the inflammatory exudation was obvious. Compared with the control group, the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in liver tissue of mice in all dose groups were increased, and the levels of TNF-α in liver tissue of mice in high dose group were increased (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of Keap1 in high dose group were significantly decreased, while the mRNA expression level of Nrf2, the mRNA and protein expression levels of HO-1 were significantly increased (P<0.05), and Nrf2 was successfully activated into the nucleus. Compared with the control group, the activities of CAT, GSH-Px and T-SOD in high dose group were significantly decreased (P<0.05) . Conclusion: A large amount of Nd(2)O(3) accumulates in the liver of male mice, which may lead to oxidative stress and inflammatory response through activation of Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signal pathway. It is suggested that Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signal pathway may be one of the mechanisms of Nd(2)O(3) expose-induced liver injury in mice.

[Research on the Construction of Hospital Equipment Management Information Platform].

With the deepening of China's medical reform, the scale of hospital equipment assets at all levels is also expanding. In the face of large-scale and various equipment assets, the traditional single machine statistical management method not only has a single interface, poor data accuracy and is not compatible with other systems, but also is difficult to achieve "full life cycle" management. In order to solve above problems, the Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine aims to use the Internet of Things to build a medical equipment management information platform, realize the whole hospital area, whole subject and whole process management of medical materials, and achieve the objectives of business linkage, information connectivity and data sharing between management departments and clinical departments.

Biological agents in the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis / 中华皮肤科杂志

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated chronic recurrent inflammatory disease, and biological agents targeting cytokines and their receptors involved in its pathogenesis have become an increasingly important option for its treatment in recent years. With the successive appearance of biological agents such as secukinumab and ustekinumab on the market in China, the use of biologics will become increasingly common in the treatment of psoriasis. This review summarizes the efficacy of different biological agents and individualized drug selection in the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, with a view to providing a reference for physicians in clinical practice.

Research on the Construction of Hospital Equipment Management Information Platform / 中国医疗器械杂志

With the deepening of China's medical reform, the scale of hospital equipment assets at all levels is also expanding. In the face of large-scale and various equipment assets, the traditional single machine statistical management method not only has a single interface, poor data accuracy and is not compatible with other systems, but also is difficult to achieve "full life cycle" management. In order to solve above problems, the Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine aims to use the Internet of Things to build a medical equipment management information platform, realize the whole hospital area, whole subject and whole process management of medical materials, and achieve the objectives of business linkage, information connectivity and data sharing between management departments and clinical departments.

Molecular Mechanism of Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma-Agrimoniae Herba in Treatment of Arrhythmia Based on Network Pharmacology / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the material basis and mechanism of Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma （NRER）-Agrimoniae Herba （AH）， the herbal pair effective in regulating the liver， invigorating Qi， and calming palpitations， in the treatment of premature ventricular contractions （PVCs） by network pharmacology and molecular docking. MethodThe chemical components and targets of NRER and AH were collected from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP） combined with relevant literature. GeneCards，Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man（OMIM），and DrugBank were used to predict the potential targets against PVCs. STRING platform was used for protein-protein interaction （PPI） analysis. Metascape platform was used for Gene Ontology（GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG） enrichment analysis. Cytoscape 3.8.0 was used to construct the NRER-AH component-potential target-signaling pathway network. The main target proteins underwent molecular docking to the active components of NRER-AH by AutoDock 4.2.6. ResultThe targets of nine active components in NRER-AH （such as quercetin，kaempferol，and acacetin） against PVCs mainly involved tumor necrosis factor （TNF），mitogen-activated protein kinase 1（MAPK1），and protein kinase B1（Akt1）. The potential targets were mainly enriched in 26 signaling pathways，such as pathways in cancer and the advanced glycosylation end product （AGE）-receptor of advanced glycosylation end product（RAGE） signaling pathway. The results of molecular docking showed that the majority of the active components （92.59%） of NRER-AH had good binding activities with the main target proteins TNF，MAPK1，and Akt1. ConclusionThe active components of NRER-AH can regulate cardiac ion channels，resist inflammation， and combat oxidative stress to treat PVCs through multi-target and multi-pathway interventions. They can also improve symptoms related to depression and anxiety by inhibiting monoamine oxidase activity and protecting nerves from damage. This study is expected to provide research ideas and the theoretical basis for further exploring the material basis and mechanism of NRER-AH in the treatment of PVCs.

Discussion on the Focus of On-site Inspection of Clinical Trials of Lung Cancer Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy Drugs / 中国肺癌杂志

As lung cancer targeted therapy and immunotherapy drugs are the current hot spot in the research and development area of new anti-tumor drugs, the amount of clinical trial in this area is increasing year by year. On the basis of combing the on-site inspections of drug registration clinical trials from 2019 to 2021, combined with the characteristics of lung cancer targeted therapy and immunotherapy drugs, this paper discusses the focus of on-site inspection of clinical trials of such drugs, and puts forward suggestions for the compliant implementation of lung cancer clinical trials.
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Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic versus open surgery for elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer / 国际外科学杂志

Objective:To probe the security and effectiveness of laparoscopic mustard surgery in elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer and that of open label laparoscopic mustard surgery by Meta-analysis.Methods:From database creation to June 2022, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP database and Chinese Biomedical Literature (CBM) database were searched. RevMan5.3 software was used to make forest maps for Meta-analysis, and funnel plot was used to evaluate publication bias, and Egger was used to detect whether there was publication bias. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, number of lymph nodes remove, time to first flatus, time to first oral diet, time to ambulation, length of hospital stay, and overall postoperative complications rate, incidence of postoperative wound infection, incidence of pulmonary infection, incidence of postoperative intestinal obstruction and incidence of anastomotic leakage were included and analyzed.Results:A total of 11 contributions were submitted, including 2 randomized controlled trials and 9 retrospective studies. The total number of patients included in this study was 1081, including 519 in the abdominal group and 562 in the open group. Results showed that the intraperitoneal group had less bleeding compared to open surgery ( MD=-104.21, 95% CI: -132.54--75.89, P<0.00001), earlier first flatus ( MD=-1.90, 95% CI: -2.19--1.49, P<0.00001), the first time to oral diet was earlier ( MD=-1.92, 95% CI: -2.48--1.35, P<0.00001), the time of first landing after operation was earlier ( MD=-2.89, 95% CI: -3.32--2.45, P<0.00001), the length of hospital stay was shorten ( MD=-6.08, 95% CI: -7.20--4.97, P<0.00001), a lower overall postoperative complication rate ( OR=0.40, 95% CI: 0.29-0.56, P<0.00001), the incidence of postoperative incision infection was lower ( OR= 0.33, 95% CI: 0.17-0.67, P=0.002), the incidence of pulmonary infection was lower ( OR= 0.39, 95% CI: 0.22-0.69, P=0.001), the operation time was longer ( MD=30.35, 95% CI: 14.34-46.35, P=0.0002), and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). There are no statistical significance in the number of lymph nodes remove( MD=-0.52, 95% CI: -1.76-0.73, P=0.41), the incidence of postoperative intestinal obstruction ( OR= 0.38; 95% CI: 0.13-1.13; P=0.08) and the incidence of anastomotic leakage ( OR= 0.41, 95% CI: 0.16-1.06, P=0.07) between two groups. Conclusions:Compared with open radical gastrectomy, laparoscopic radical gastrectomy is safe and feasible for elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer as well, and even better than open radical gastrectomy in curative effect and radical treatment.

The Application of the Mosoteach-based Mobile Interactive Teaching Modein Literature Reading and Discussion of the Molecular Biology Course / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Graduate education emphasizes the development of students’ scientific research andinnovation abilities. Literature reading and discussion (LRD) plays an active role in the development ofinnovative thinking and critical thinking for graduate students. However, in traditional, large molecularbiology classes, the effective implementation of large-scale, collective LRD presents a great challenge. Mosoteach is a cloud-based free app designed specifically for education with powerful human-computerinteraction and human-human interaction functions. In the present study, LRD was introduced into amolecular biology course for graduate students and was conducted via the Mosoteach app. The onlinediscussion board in the Mosoteach cloud class was restricted to enrolled students and was designated theprivate online discussion board (PODB). The PODB built a sense of community for students and was aneffective approach for organizing and facilitating discussion in large classes. Small-group learning in LRDwas helpful to understand the literature and foster collaboration and discussion. Overall, we demonstratedthat Mosoteach-based LRD was helpful in improving student learning outcomes. The relationship betweenstudent learning style and engagement, satisfaction and academic performance in cloud classes meritsfurther investigation.

Bioequivalence of amlodipine besylate tablets in Chinese healthy subjects / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To evaluate the bioequivalence of two kinds of amlodipine besylate tablets in Chinese healthy subjects under fasting and fed conditions. METHODS: Twenty-four healthy subjects were enrolled, and a random, open, single-dose, two preparations, two sequences and double-crossover design was used to give the test or reference preparations under fasting and postprandial conditions. The concentration of metformin in plasma was detected by LC-MS/MS, and the main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated to evaluate the bioequivalence. RESULTS: In fasting state, the mean of C

Screening Biomarkers of Sudden Coronary Death Based on mRNA Expression Profile of Rat Myocardial Tissues / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To explore the differential expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) in myocardial tissues of rats with sudden coronary death (SCD), and to provide ideas for the forensic identification of SCD.@*METHODS@#The rat SCD model was established, and the transcriptome sequencing was performed by next-generation sequencing technology. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in myocardial tissues of SCD rats were screened by using the R package limma. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by using the STRING database and Cytoscape 3.8.2 on DEG, and hub genes were screened based on cytoHubba plug-in. Finally, the R package clusterProfiler was used to analyze the biological function and signal pathway enrichment of the selected DEG.@*RESULTS@#A total of 177 DEGs were associated with SCD and were mainly involved in the renin-angiotensin system and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The genes including angiotensinogen (AGT), complement component 4a (C4a), Fos proto-oncogene (FOS) and others played key roles in the development of SCD.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Genes such as AGT, C4a, FOS and other genes are expected to be potential biomarkers for forensic identification of SCD. The study based on mRNA expression profile can provide a reference for forensic identification of SCD.

Gene Expression Profiles at Different Time Points after Acute Myocardial Infarction in Mice / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To explore the mRNA differential expressions and the sequential change pattern in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) mice.@*METHODS@#The AMI mice relevant dataset GSE4648 was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). In the dataset, 6 left ventricular myocardial tissue samples were selected at 0.25, 1, 4, 12, 24 and 48 h after operation in AMI group and sham control group, and 6 left ventricular myocardial tissue samples were selected in blank control group, a total of 78 samples were analyzed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed by R/Bioconductor package limma, functional pathway enrichment analysis was performed by clusterProfiler, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by STRING database and Cytoscape software, the key genes were identified by Degree topological algorithm, cluster sequential changes on DEGs were analyzed by Mfuzz.@*RESULTS@#A total of 1 320 DEGs were associated with the development of AMI. Functional enrichment results included cellular catabolic process, regulation of inflammatory response, development of muscle system and vasculature system, cell adhesion and signaling pathways mainly enriched in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. The key genes of AMI included MYL7, TSC22D2, HSPA1A, BTG2, NR4A1, RYR2 were up-regulated or down-regulated at 0.25-48 h after the occurrence of AMI.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The functional signaling pathway of DEGs and the sequential expression of key genes in AMI may provide a reference for the forensic identification of AMI.

The role of hippocampal γ oscillation abnormality in sepsis-associated encephalopathy / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective:To explore the role of hippocampal γ oscillation abnormality in sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE).Methods:Seventy male Sprague-Dawley rats (2-3 months) were randomly (random number) divided into three groups according to the random digital table method: sham, CLP, and CLP + dopamine 4 (D4) receptor agonists RO-10-5824 group. The SAE animal model was established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). On day 10-14 after surgery, the open field, novel object recognition, and fear conditioning tests were performed. After that, the hippocampus was collected to measure expressions of parvalbumin (PV) and D4 receptor. In another set of experiment, CA1 local field potential (LFP) were recorded, and the relationship between LFP and time with novel object was analyzed. Independent sample t-test was used for pairwise comparisons, and multiple comparisons were performed by one-way ANOVA, followed by the Tukey multiple comparisons test. Correlation was analyzed using Pearson correlation. Statistical significance was assumed when P<0.05. Results:Compared with the sham group, hippocampal PV (77.54±4.61)%, D4 expression (56.36±3.88)% and γ oscillation power (41.1±8.62)%, object exposure time (36±3) s, new object recognition rate (49±4)%, and scene stiffness time (56±7) s were decreased significantly ( P<0.05). However, RO-10-5824 treatment could increase hippocaml γ oscillation power (92.3±6.7)%, and reverse the decreased new object exposure time (44±3) s and new object recognition rate (63±4)%. Correlation analysis showed that hippocampal γ oscillation power was positively associated with new object exposure time ( r=0.609 2, P=0.015 9). There was no difference in total distance traveled or time spent in the center among groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Hippocampal γ oscillation abnormality might play a key role in cognitive impairment associated with SAE.

Buyang Huanwutang Alleviated Oxidative Stress Following Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion in Rats by Formyl Peptide Receptor 2 / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the role of formyl peptide receptor 2 （FPR2） in the inhibitory effects of Buyang Huanwutang （BYHWT） on the oxidative stress and its protective effects on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Method:Forty-eight male SD rats were randomly divided into sham group， model group， BYHWT group and BYHWT combined with FPR2 inhibitor （Boc-2） group. In the sham group， only the vessels were isolated. In other groups， the middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） model was constructed using the modified Longa method and reperfused after 2 h of ischemia. BYHWT （16 g·kg^-1） was given by gavaged twice daily after reperfusion in BYHWT group and BYHWT+Boc-2 group. Boc-2 （0.4 mg·kg^-1） was injected intraperitoneally 30 min before surgery. Equal volume of saline were given instead in sham and model group. After 24 h of reperfusion， Fluoro-Jade C （FJC） staining was performed to observe the changes in the number of FJC-positive cells. Western blot was performed to detect the expression of apoptosis-related B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)， Bcl-2 associated X (Bax)， and cleaved aspartic acid cysteine proteolytic enzyme-3（Caspase-3）. Besides， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， glutathione （GSH）， and nitric oxide （NO） was measured. The mean fluorescence intensity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate Ⅱ（NADPH） oxidase 2 （NOX2） was examined by immunofluorescence. Result:Compared with sham group， the model group showed increased number of FJC-positive cells （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， decreased Bcl-2 expression （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， increased Bax and cleaved Caspase-3 expression （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， increased NO and MDA content （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）， decreased GSH and SOD activities （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and increased NOX2 expression （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with model group， there were decreased FJC-positive cells （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， up-regulated Bcl-2 expression （<italic>P</italic><0.01） with down-regulated cleaved Caspase-3 and Bax （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）， decreased NO and MDA （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01） with increased GSH and SOD （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and decreased NOX2 expression （<italic>P</italic><0.01） in the BYHWT group. All the above effects were partially blocked by Boc-2. Conclusion:BYHWT can reduce oxidative stress injury and inhibit apoptosis in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion rats， which may be related with the down-regulation of NOX2 expression by FPR2.