[Diagnostic significance of bone marrow examination. 2]. / Diagnosticheskoe znachenie issledovaniia kostnogo mozga (II soobshchenie).

Presents indications for bone marrow analysis, specific features of myelogram assessment, data on changes in myelograms in some diseases, interpretation of bone marrow indexes and some other parameters detected by bone marrow analysis, discusses auxiliary methods for such analysis. Necessitates the creation of a data bank for clinical, instrumental and laboratory data that will promote a more reliable diagnosis and facilitate bone marrow analysis for laboratory physicians.

[Eosinophilic granuloma in a 9-month-old infant]. / Eozinofil'naia granulema u rebenka 9 mes.

Eosinophilic granuloma in an infant of 9 months is described; this condition is difficult to differentiate from Letterer-Siwe's disease. The final diagnosis of eosinophilic granuloma could be made only due to positive time course of the process eventuating in gradual normalization of the infant's health status.

[Teratoblastoma of the lung in a child]. / Teratoblastoma legkogo u rebenka.

A rare case of teratoblastoma located in the lungs is described. Pleural fluid was examined; its principal morphologic component was vascular tissue, which permitted a tentative diagnosis of a vascular tumor (possibly perithelioma); the presence of connective tissue and oxyphilic interstitial substance elements necessitated a differential diagnosis to rule out chemodectoma. The final diagnosis of teratoblastoma was made in pathohistologic examination.

[Myelodepression during antitumor therapy in hepatorenal insufficiency]. / Mielodepressiia v protsesse protivoopukholevoi terapii pri gepatorenal'noi nedostatochnosti.

The hematotoxicity of cytostatics was found enhanced if these agents were used in therapy of oncologic patients with disordered functional activity of the hepatorenal system. Decreased absorption and excretory functions of the hepatocytes or renal abnormalities associated with impaired glomerular filtration and secretory-excretory function are the factors that contribute to the development of leukopenia by the middle or end of the treatment course. This permits a conclusion on the prognostic value of examinations of liver and kidney function in cases with the development of secondary hemodepression in chemotherapy of oncologic patients.

[Morphological changes in leukocytes]. / Morfologicheskie izmeneniia leikotsitov.

The major inherited and acquired morphologic changes in the peripheral blood leukocytes are described. The diseases associated with such changes are enumerated and the author's observations are presented of a phenomenon of selected hyposegmentation of eosinophilic granulocyte nuclei and of some morphologic changes in these nuclei, that appear to be explained by their deranged maturation.

[Cytologic study in assessing the effectiveness of chemotherapy in patients with ovarian cancer]. / Tsitologicheskie issledovaniia v otsenke éffektivnosti khimioterapii u bol'nykh rakom iaichnikov.

Chemotherapeutic pathomorphosis has been studied in 179 patients, aged 29 to 70, with mainly disseminated stages of ovarian carcinoma. Fluids from serous cavities, tumor puncture specimens, scrapings off and smears-impressions of removed tumors, puncture specimens and washings from Douglas' pouch have been examined using native smears and smears stained according to Pappenheim. Before therapy fluids from serous cavities (in cases with the ascitic forms) and washings from Douglas' pouch (in non-ascitic forms) have been examined to diagnose the condition. Altogether 114 patients have been examined over the course of therapy and after it. Microscopic changes of the tumor cells due to chemotherapy have been detected in 87% of the patients. Cytograms of 24 patients have shown changes in the nuclei of few tumor cells: pyknosis, karyorrhexis, intensification of the degenerative changes in the cytoplasm, the appearance of bare nuclei, all this indicating a poorly manifest chemotherapeutic pathomorphosis. In 40 cases similar changes have been detected in the majority of tumor cells, sometimes just few intact cells could be found, this being considered as necrosis; 17 patients of this group had a stable remission. Cytograms of 35 patients have shown a still more manifest destruction of the tumor cells and a reduction of their number, which fact is considered as a marked cytolytic effect. In 15 patients no clinical effect of chemotherapy has been observed, this being confirmed by cytologic findings.

[The phenomenon of selective hyposegmentation of eosinophilic granulocytic nuclei]. / Fenomen izbiratel'noi giposegmentatsii iader éozinofil'nykh granulotsitov.

This phenomenon has been detected in 3 patients with the clinical diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia. Eosinophilic granulocytes with round nuclei, situated in the centre in most cells, with mature chromatin in the nuclei without nucleoli, with manifest degranulation, and basophil cytoplasm have been detected in the patients' peripheral blood. Since no cytochemical or cytogenetic studies have been carried out to validate the eosinophilic variant of chronic myeloid leukemia, the final diagnosis of the disease in these patients is discussed.

[Effect of autologous blood irradiated in isolation on the restoration of leukopoiesis in an experimental model of prolonged leukopenia]. / Vliianie izolirovanno obluchennoi autokrovi na vosstanovlenie leikopoéza v éksperimental'noi modeli prolongirovannoi leikopenii.

Reinfusion of irradiated (220 Gy) isolated blood (IIB) was shown to accelerate leukopoiesis restoration in conditions of myelodepression induced by the injection of cyclophosphane. Restoration of leucocyte count in the peripheral blood was preceded by the increase in DNA synthesis and bone marrow cellularity. Reinfusion of IIB also promoted a more rapid restoration of cellularity of lymphoid organs with cAMP predominating therein. The comparison of the processes under study in time permits to assume that the stimulatory effect of IIB is related to activation of proliferation and stimulation of cell maturing in bone marrow and lymphoid organs.

[Structural damages and DNA synthesis in bone marrow and peripheral blood cells in myelodepression induced by cytostatic preparations]. / Strukturnye povrezhdeniia i sintez DNK v kletkakh kostnogo mozga i perifericheskoi krovi pri mielodepressii, vyzvannoi tsitostaticheskimi preparatami.

Some structural and functional indices of the genome state of rat myelopoietic cells after cytostatic ingestion are studied by the immunofluorescent method and by 3H-thymidine incorporation. It is shown that administration of cyclophosphamide causes structural and functional damages of hemopoietic cells. It is suggested that the intensity of repair potentials is a leading factor in restoration of depressed hemopoiesis.