Thymoma and myasthenia gravis - an observational study at a tertiary center.

INTRODUCTION: Acquired Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune neurological disorder characterized by fluctu- ating paresis of the skeletal muscle due to pathogenic antibodies against the acetylcholine receptor or other elements of the neuromuscular plaque. There is a close relation between MG and thymoma. We aimed to characterize a population of patients with Myasthenia Gravis associated thymoma (MGAT). METHODS: Retrospective and longitudinal study in all patients with MGAT observed at a tertiary center between 2009 and 2020. We assessed epidemiological, clinical, laboratory and therapeutic features of both MG and thymoma. RESULTS: We found 18 patients with an average age of 53 ± 16.2, 13 of them females. Most patients (n=15) presented the generalized MG form. Most frequent Masaoka staging was II (n=7). Regarding the WHO histopathological classification of thymoma, most patients (n=11) presented with type B2 or B3. Thirteen patients underwent extended thymectomy (12 by median sternotomy and 1 by VATS). Of the remaining 5 patients, 4 of them underwent a CT scan guided biopsy, and 1 patient did not accept further work-up. Seven patients were classified as R0 for surgical resection margins and only one of them had recurrence of thymoma. Besides surgery, oncological treatment included radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Five patients expe- rienced a myasthenic crisis during the course of the disease. Three deaths occurred in the studied population. CONCLUSIONS: This study helped to pinpoint important aspects concerning therapeutic orientation of MGAT patients, such as the clinical impact of thymectomy in the course of MGAT, the oncological prognostic value of surgical resection mar- gins, and the importance of preoperative intravenous immunoglobulin. Management of MGAT patients is only possible with a multidisciplinary approach.

Previous Disability and Benefit of Acute Phase Therapy in Functional Prognosis of Selected Patients with Ischemic Stroke.

OBJECTIVES: Patients' previous disability (PD) is a key factor when considering acute stroke therapy. PD's exact impact on functional prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke remains not entirely clarified. We aimed to analyze PD's influence on functional outcome three months after ischemic stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data concerning patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to Stroke Unit of a tertiary center who underwent acute phase therapy between 2017 and 2019. Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to define PD (with previous mRS≥3). Patients with PD were selected for treatment based on similar baseline characteristics to patients without PD. Patients were classified into two groups according to previous mRS: mRS<3 and mRS≥3. We defined bad outcome at three months after stroke as mRS≥3 for patients with previous mRS<3, and as a higher score than baseline mRS for patients with previous mRS≥3. RESULTS: We identified 1169 eligible patients - 1016 patients with previous mRS<3 and 153 patients with previous mRS≥3. Most baseline characteristics did not differ significantly between them. For patients ≤75 years old, PD was associated with worse outcome (odds ratio estimate [OR] 4.50, p < 0.001). For patients >75 years old, PD was protective against worse outcome (OR 0.42, p < 0.001). In patients with previous mRS≥3 and >75 years old, there was a higher proportion of women (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: PD might not be a relevant factor when considering acute stroke therapy in selected patients >75 years old, especially women. Further studies are needed to clarify these findings.