ABSTRACT
Due to the growing increase in the dental routine in equine medicine, along with the need for patient sedation to perform this procedure, this study aimed to assess sedation by detomidine alone and/or associated with lidocaine under continuous infusion. Twenty-two horses from the dental routine of the veterinary hospital of the institution of origin were used. A jugular catheter was implanted on the day of study and animals were allocated into two distinct groups (n=11): GD, which received detomidine (20 µg kg−1), followed by continuous infusion (20 µg kg−1 h−1); and GDL, animals which received detomidine (10 µg kg−1) and lidocaine (1.3 mg kg−1), followed by continuous infusion of detomidine (10 µg kg−1 h−1) and lidocaine (25 µg kg−1 min−1). The assessed moments were as follows: M0, before catheter placement; M1, 5 minutes after bolus and beginning of infusion; M2, placement of mouth speculum; and M3, wear with an electric rasp. The assessed parameters were heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (f), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and intestinal motility. In addition to the clinical parameters, sedation was assessed by measuring head height in relation to the ground before (M0) and after treatment administration (M1) and during the dental procedure using a scale adapted for dental procedures. Statistical analysis was performed using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test by applying one-way RM ANOVA, followed by the Dunnett test for comparison in relation to M0, t-test, and Mann-Whitney test between groups (p ≤ 0.05). HR decreased by 20% at M2 and M3 compared to M0 only in GD, while SBP increased 35% at the same moments compared to M0 in GD and 27, 42, and 27% at M1, M2, and M3 compared to M0 in GDL, respectively. Intestinal motility decreased by 75% at all moments compared to M0 in both groups. Head height decreased by 67% in GD and 60% in GDL, with no difference between groups. Sedation scores provided by the scale did not differ between groups, with values of 1 [03] in GD and 3 [04] in GDL at M2 and 1 [03] in GD and 1 [1.53] in GDL at M3. Thus, sedation by the association between detomidine and lidocaine allowed reducing detomidine dose in half but offering similar results for dental procedures.(AU)
Devido ao crescente aumento da rotina odontológica na medicina equina, juntamente com a necessidade de sedação dos pacientes para a realização destes procedimentos, objetivou-se avaliar a sedação promovida pela detomidina isolada e, ou, associada com lidocaína sob regime de infusão contínua. Foram utilizados 22 equinos provindos da rotina odontológica do hospital veterinário da instituição de origem. No dia do estudo, foi implantado um cateter na jugular, alocando-se os animais em 2 grupos distintos (n = 11): GD, os quais receberam detomidina (20 µg kg-1) seguido de infusão contínua (20 µg kg-1 h-1); GDL, os quais receberam detomidina (10 µg kg-1) e lidocaína (1,3 mg kg-1), seguido de infusão contínua de detomidina (10 µg kg-1 h-1) e lidocaína (25 µg kg-1 min-1). Os momentos avaliados foram: M0, antes da colocação do cateter; M1, 5 minutos após o bolus e início da infusão; M2, no momento da colocação do abre bocas; M3, momento do desgaste com a grosa elétrica. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: frequência cardíaca (FC), frequência respiratória (f), pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e motilidade intestinal. Além dos parâmetros clínicos, foi avaliada a sedação medindo-se a altura de cabeça em relação ao solo antes (M0) e após a administração dos tratamentos (M1), assim como durante o procedimento odontológico através de uma escala adaptada para procedimentos odontológicos. A análise estatística foi realizada através do teste de normalidade Shapiro-Wilk, aplicando-se One Way RM ANOVA seguido por Dunnet para comparação em relação ao M0, teste de t e Mann-Whitney entre grupos (p ≤ 0,05). A FC reduziu 20% no M2 e M3 em relação ao M0 somente no GD, já a PAS aumentou 35% nos mesmos momentos em relação ao M0 no GD e no M1, M2 e M3 do GDL também houve um aumento de 27%, 42% e 27%, respectivamente, em relação ao M0. A motilidade intestinal reduziu 75% em todos os momentos em relação ao M0 em ambos os grupos. A altura da cabeça diminuiu 67% no GD e 60% no GDL, sem diferença entre os grupos. Os escores de sedação fornecidos pela escala não diferiram entre os grupos, sendo este no M2 de 1 [0 3], no GD, e 3 [0 4], no GDL, e no M3, no GD 1 [0 3], e 1 [1,5 3], no GDL. Conclui-se que a sedação ofertada pela associação de detomidina e lidocaína reduziu a dose de detomidina pela metade, oferecendo sedação similar para procedimentos odontológicos.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2/drug effects , Anesthesia, Local/adverse effects , Lidocaine/adverse effects , Oral Surgical Procedures/veterinary , Horses/surgeryABSTRACT
Background: The frequency of oncological diseases in companion animals has increased in recent years, mainly due tothe longer longevity of dogs. The neoplasms are not only open by the presence of the tumor and its location, but also byparaneoplastic syndromes, which are disorders that occur due to the production of substances by the tumor that cause.In addition to causing local changes and damages, oncological diseases may also result in injuries at distant sites, suchas paraneoplastic syndromes, which, if untreated, may result in death of animals. The present study aimed to investigatewhether female dogs with mammary tumors demonstrate electrocardiographic changes, and if so, to investigate whetherthese cease after removal of the tumor, and to relate the type of tumor with the occurrence of arrhythmias.Materials, Methods & Results: Eighteen female dogs, aged between 4 and 14 years, underwent electrocardiogram 24 hprior to undergoing a total unilateral mastectomy. After removal of the tumor, electrocardiograms were again performed 24(M24), 48 (M48), and 72 (M72), as well as 14 days (M14d) after surgery. Histological analysis of the neoplasms showedthat 55% of the tumors were benign, with predominance of adenoma (38%), and 45% were malignant, with predominanceof adenocarcinoma (22%). The following rhythms and arrhythmias were observed: normal sinus rhythm (37.2%), sinusarrhythmia (62.8%), wandering pacemaker (26%), 1st degree atrioventricular block (AVB; 5%), premature ventricularcomplex (PVC; 10%), and T-wave > 25% of R-wave (25%); more than one change could occur simultaneously. Out of theevaluated electrocardiographic parameters, a significant difference was observed in the QT interval between the followingtimepoints: M24 (204 ± 18), M48 (204 ± 22), and M72 (203 ± 23), as well as Mbasal (192 ± 15) and M14d (178 ± 43).Discussion: Regarding the observed rhythms, arrhythmias, and changes, respiratory sinus arrhythmia was the normal predominant... (AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Dogs , Mastectomy, Simple/veterinary , Electrocardiography/veterinary , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/veterinary , Ventricular Premature Complexes/veterinary , Mammary Neoplasms, AnimalABSTRACT
Background: The frequency of oncological diseases in companion animals has increased in recent years, mainly due tothe longer longevity of dogs. The neoplasms are not only open by the presence of the tumor and its location, but also byparaneoplastic syndromes, which are disorders that occur due to the production of substances by the tumor that cause.In addition to causing local changes and damages, oncological diseases may also result in injuries at distant sites, suchas paraneoplastic syndromes, which, if untreated, may result in death of animals. The present study aimed to investigatewhether female dogs with mammary tumors demonstrate electrocardiographic changes, and if so, to investigate whetherthese cease after removal of the tumor, and to relate the type of tumor with the occurrence of arrhythmias.Materials, Methods & Results: Eighteen female dogs, aged between 4 and 14 years, underwent electrocardiogram 24 hprior to undergoing a total unilateral mastectomy. After removal of the tumor, electrocardiograms were again performed 24(M24), 48 (M48), and 72 (M72), as well as 14 days (M14d) after surgery. Histological analysis of the neoplasms showedthat 55% of the tumors were benign, with predominance of adenoma (38%), and 45% were malignant, with predominanceof adenocarcinoma (22%). The following rhythms and arrhythmias were observed: normal sinus rhythm (37.2%), sinusarrhythmia (62.8%), wandering pacemaker (26%), 1st degree atrioventricular block (AVB; 5%), premature ventricularcomplex (PVC; 10%), and T-wave > 25% of R-wave (25%); more than one change could occur simultaneously. Out of theevaluated electrocardiographic parameters, a significant difference was observed in the QT interval between the followingtimepoints: M24 (204 ± 18), M48 (204 ± 22), and M72 (203 ± 23), as well as Mbasal (192 ± 15) and M14d (178 ± 43).Discussion: Regarding the observed rhythms, arrhythmias, and changes, respiratory sinus arrhythmia was the normal predominant...