[The European approaches to the microbiological food safety assessment].

The purpose of the study was the analysis of the results of the study of the quality of food products and environment of food industries on microbiological indicators according to domestic and European regulations (EU). The analysis of the quality of food, studied during 2008-2012, showed an increase in the number of samples that do not meet the requirements of regulations at the same time on several factors: mesophilic aerobes and facultatively anaerobic microorganisms, bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae and fungi (molds and yeasts). The results of research in dining facilities, food industries and distribution network for 2008-2011. indicate that in the swabs used for sampling surfaces the incidence of sanitary-indicative microorganisms ranged from 2.91 to 8.87%. There was absent dynamics of the improvement in the sanitary-epidemiological status of institutions for food processing. The highest rate of contamination (81.1-82.4%) was observed on the surfaces of tables, dishes, utensils, equipment, and most positive samples were represented by bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae. There was performed a critical analysis of European approaches to the study of food. It was made a draw about premature introduction of the Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No 548 dated 19.07.2012, the "Microbiological Criteria for detection of safety of food products," based on the provisions of Regulation number 2073/2005 in Ukraine.

[Drinking water regulations in Ukraine and infectious morbidity rate with water pathway of transmission of causative agents].

These are presented drinking water regulations in Ukraine on microbiological indices in the new state document "Hygienic Drinking water regulations intended for human consumption" (State sanitary regulations and standards (GsanPiN) 2.2.4-171-10). There is reported an analysis of both the open waterbodies water quality and water for centralized water supply in 2007-2011 and 1992-1996 also on sanitary-bacteriological indices for performance of comparative retrospective analysis. There has been shown water quality degradation for open waterbodies, the main sources of water supply for population. Against this background, a marked improvement of drinking water quality has been noted, the number of non-standard samples decreased to 3.6 % compared with 8.8% in the preceding 15 years. This index correlates with a decrease in the number of outbreaks of infections transmitted by water. There was noted unsatisfactory registration of viral infections with water pathway of transmission and the increase in morbidity rate of gastroenterocolitides of unknown etiology that may include acute viral intestinal infections. Expediency to keep "fermentation of glucose" test in bacteriological examination of water in the identification scheme of general coliforms has been substantiated.

[The study of antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles in the form of a colloidal solution in the matrix of finely dispersed silica].

In the experimental study obtained with chemical method colloid solution of nanoparticles (NPs) of silver (Ag) and a composite on his base in the matrix of finely dispersed silica with particle size of 8-12 nm and NPs concentration in basic solution of 0,0016% (0,016 mg/cm3) were established to exhibit high antimicrobial activity against the test organisms: E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. Aureus and C. Albicans, which depended on a set of factors. Antibacterial properties of tissue impregnated with Ag-NPs were studied. As stabilizing substances a mixture of surface-active substance sodium dodecyl sulfate and polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone was used Before the beginning of the study effective neutralizer was tailored. Times of preservation of antimicrobial activity of test samples have been established, and also their stability throughout long term of supervision (24 months) has been shown. Effect of organic pollution on antimicrobal activity of the samples has been studied. Based on obtained results the algorithm of the study of antimicrobial properties of nanopreparations has been elaborated.