NEUROLOGICAL DYSFUNCTION ASSOCIATED WITH COVID-19. / Disfunção neurológica associada à COVID-19.

COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. The clinical presentation is predominantly respiratory symptoms; however, in the current literature, several neurological manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection have been described. The authors present the clinical case of a 45-year-old man hospitalized for pneumonia with a positive test result for SARS-CoV-2, without a neurological history, who, on the sixteenth day of hospitalization, presented a sudden change in his state of consciousness accompanied by conjugated right gaze deviation and myoclonus of the face and thoracic region to the left, followed by generalized tonic-clonic seizures associated with persistent left hemiparesis. The present study highlights a positive RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 in cerebrospinal fluid. The patient progressed with gradual improvement, and the outcome was favorable.

A COVID-19 foi declarada pandemia pela Organização Mundial de Saúde no dia 11 de março de 2020. O quadro clínico apresenta predominantemente sintomatologia respiratória, no entanto, na literatura atual, têm sido descritas diversas manifestações neurológicas associadas à infeção por SARS-CoV-2. Os autores apresentam o caso clínico de um homem de 45 anos internado por pneumonia com resultado positivo para SARS-CoV-2, sem antecedentes neurológicos, que, ao décimo sexto dia de internamento, apresentou alteração súbita do estado de consciência acompanhada de desvio conjugado do olhar para a direita e mioclonias da face e da região torácica à esquerda, seguidas de crise convulsiva tônico-clônica generalizada, associadas à hemiparesia esquerda persistente. Do estudo realizado salienta-se a existência de RT-PCR para SARS-CoV-2 no líquido cefalorraquidiano positiva. O doente apresentou evolução clínica com melhoria gradual, tendo o desfecho sido favorável.

Disfunção neurológica associada à COVID-19 / Neurological dysfunction associated with covid-19

RESUMO A COVID-19 foi declarada pandemia pela Organização Mundial de Saúde no dia 11 de março de 2020. O quadro clínico apresenta predominantemente sintomatologia respiratória, no entanto, na literatura atual, têm sido descritas diversas manifestações neurológicas associadas à infeção por SARS-CoV-2. Os autores apresentam o caso clínico de um homem de 45 anos internado por pneumonia com resultado positivo para SARS-CoV-2, sem antecedentes neurológicos, que, ao décimo sexto dia de internamento, apresentou alteração súbita do estado de consciência acompanhada de desvio conjugado do olhar para a direita e mioclonias da face e da região torácica à esquerda, seguidas de crise convulsiva tônico-clônica generalizada, associadas à hemiparesia esquerda persistente. Do estudo realizado salienta-se a existência de RT-PCR para SARS-CoV-2 no líquido cefalorraquidiano positiva. O doente apresentou evolução clínica com melhoria gradual, tendo o desfecho sido favorável.

ABSTRACT COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. The clinical presentation is predominantly respiratory symptoms; however, in the current literature, several neurological manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection have been described. The authors present the clinical case of a 45-year-old man hospitalized for pneumonia with a positive test result for SARS-CoV-2, without a neurological history, who, on the sixteenth day of hospitalization, presented a sudden change in his state of consciousness accompanied by conjugated right gaze deviation and myoclonus of the face and thoracic region to the left, followed by generalized tonic-clonic seizures associated with persistent left hemiparesis. The present study highlights a positive RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 in cerebrospinal fluid. The patient progressed with gradual improvement, and the outcome was favorable.

Catatonia and Psychosis as Manifestations of Primary Sjögren's Syndrome.

Primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease, most commonly presenting with sicca symptoms-xerostomia and xerophthalmia. Up to one-half of affected individuals also develop extra-glandular involvement. Early diagnosis is important to prevent further complications. This paper describes an atypical case of SS in a 21-year-old woman who presented first with neuropsychiatric symptoms and fever. She was diagnosed and treated for a presumed psychotic episode. However, because she remained febrile, a thorough investigation resulted in the challenging diagnosis of SS. LEARNING POINTS: Primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) may be an under-recognized cause of central nervous system and neuropsychiatric involvement.Neuropsychiatric manifestations of primary SS can be variable.Patients may be treated incorrectly if the diagnosis is not rapidly established, so a clinical history and thorough examination are very important.