ABSTRACT
Gamification is known to enhance users' participation in education and research projects that follow the citizen science paradigm. The Cosmic Ray Extremely Distributed Observatory (CREDO) experiment is designed for the large-scale study of various radiation forms that continuously reach the Earth from space, collectively known as cosmic rays. The CREDO Detector app relies on a network of involved users and is now working worldwide across phones and other CMOS sensor-equipped devices. To broaden the user base and activate current users, CREDO extensively uses the gamification solutions like the periodical Particle Hunters Competition. However, the adverse effect of gamification is that the number of artefacts, i.e., signals unrelated to cosmic ray detection or openly related to cheating, substantially increases. To tag the artefacts appearing in the CREDO database we propose the method based on machine learning. The approach involves training the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to recognise the morphological difference between signals and artefacts. As a result we obtain the CNN-based trigger which is able to mimic the signal vs. artefact assignments of human annotators as closely as possible. To enhance the method, the input image signal is adaptively thresholded and then transformed using Daubechies wavelets. In this exploratory study, we use wavelet transforms to amplify distinctive image features. As a result, we obtain a very good recognition ratio of almost 99% for both signal and artefacts. The proposed solution allows eliminating the manual supervision of the competition process.
Subject(s)
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Neural Networks, Computer , Artifacts , Humans , Machine Learning , Wavelet AnalysisABSTRACT
Objetivo: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares que cada año tienen mayor prevalencia en el país, son producto de factores de riesgo, muchos de ellos modificables y que se pueden prevenir. El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido conocer y analizar los factores de riesgo cardiovascular y determinar la edad vascular en la población de Lima. Material y métodos: Es un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, realizado en el mes de marzo 2016, en los conos sur, norte y este de Lima Metropolitana, en mayores de 30 años y menores de 75 años, La encuesta estructurada para el estudio, recopilaba las siguientes variables: género, edad, hipertensión arterial, tabaquismo, diabetes, nivel de actividad física y el tipo de dieta. Se registró la presión arterial, peso y talla. Resultados: En total fueron incluidos 485 participantes, 197 varones y 288 mujeres. La edad fue 49,5±9,9 años. El factor de riesgo más frecuente fue la dieta no saludable (47,6%), seguido por el sedentarismo (42,5%). La hipertensión arterial se evidenció en un 20,8%, siendo más frecuente en los varones. El 85,2% no fumaban y el sobrepeso se encontró en un 47,2%, siendo su frecuencia mayor en las mujeres. El bajo riesgo se determinó en un 60,4% y predominó en el sexo femenino, mientras que el alto riesgo fue 18,6% y caracterizó a los varones. La edad vascular promedio fue mayor en 1,4 años que la edad cronológica, siendo más marcada en los varones, en quienes la diferencia fue de 5,8 años entre los 50 a 59 años. Conclusiones: El factor de riesgo cardiovascular más frecuente ha sido la dieta no saludable seguida por el sedentarismo. El alto riesgo fue un 18,6%, predominando en los varones. Los hombres entre los 50 a 59 años tiene una edad vascular 5,8 años mayor que la cronológica.
Objetive: Cardiovascular diseases that every year have more prevalence in the country, are the product of risky factors, many of them modifiable and preventable. The objective of the present study has been to know and analyze the factors of cardiovascular risk and determine the vascular age in the population of Lima. Material and methods: A descriptive cross sectional study, carried out in March 2016, in the southern, northern and eastern cones of Metropolitan Lima, in people older than 30 and younger than 75 years old. The survey structured for the study collected the following variables: gender, age, arterial hypertension, smoking, diabetes, physical activity and type of diet. Blood presure, weight and tall were recorded. Results: In total, 485 participants were included, 197 men and 288 women. The age was 49,5± 9,9 years old. The more frequent risky factor was the unhealthy diet (47,6%), followed by sedentary lifestyle (42,5%). Arterial hypertension was observed in 20,8%, being more frequent in men. 85.2% did not smoke and overweight was found in 47.2%, being its frequency higher in women. The low risk was determined in 60,4% and it was predominant in women, while higher risk was 18.6% in men. The average cardiovascular age was higher in 1,4 years compared to the chronological age beign more marked in men, in whom the difference was 5,8 years between 50 and 59 years old. Conclusions: The more frecuente cardiovascular risk has been unhealthy diet followed by sedentary lifestyle. The high risk was 18,6% predominating in men. Men between 50 and 59 years old have a cardiovascular age 5,8 years higher than the chronological age.
