Theta Neurofeedback Effects on Motor Memory Consolidation and Performance Accuracy: An Apparent Paradox?

Previous studies have shown that theta neurofeedback enhances motor memory consolidation on an easy-to-learn finger-tapping task. However, the simplicity of the finger-tapping task precludes evaluating the putative effects of elevated theta on performance accuracy. Mastering a motor sequence is classically assumed to entail faster performance with fewer errors. The speed-accuracy tradeoff (SAT) principle states that as action speed increases, motor performance accuracy decreases. The current study investigated whether theta neurofeedback could improve both performance speed and performance accuracy, or would only enhance performance speed at the cost of reduced accuracy. A more complex task was used to study the effects of parietal elevated theta on 45 healthy volunteers The findings confirmed previous results on the effects of theta neurofeedback on memory consolidation. In contrast to the two control groups, in the theta-neurofeedback group the speed-accuracy tradeoff was reversed. The speed-accuracy tradeoff patterns only stabilized after a night's sleep implying enhancement in terms of both speed and accuracy.

Efficacy of substituting innovator propafenone for its generic formulation in patients with atrial fibrillation.

The clinical outcomes of 114 patients with atrial fibrillation who had been treated with the innovator propafenone, and in whom the drug was then replaced with generic propafenone because of cost containment, were compared. The generic formulation was found to be at least as safe and effective as the innovator drug, with regard to atrial fibrillation recurrence, emergency room and hospital admissions, and necessity for concomitant therapy.