ABSTRACT
Because of the discovery of astigmatism, a type of lens fixation was needed in eyeglass (pince-nez) frames to maintain a constant angle for the patient's astigmatism. Bar spring frames were an answer to this problem.
Subject(s)
Eyeglasses/history , Astigmatism/history , Astigmatism/therapy , England , Equipment Design , Germany , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , HumansSubject(s)
Optics and Photonics/history , Sensory Aids/history , Europe , Female , History, 17th Century , History, 18th Century , History, 19th Century , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Corneal tissues of four persons and a buccal fibroma from one of these persons with ACL syndrome, an autosomal dominant disorder, were evaluated clinically and microscopically. The corneal lesions appeared as a gray epithelial infiltrate over the cornea, destroying Bowman's membrane. Light and electron microscopic images of both types of lesions showed abnormal accumulation of granular mucopolysaccharide material and extensive aberrant orientation of collagen fibers. The authors postulate that the mucopolysaccharide accumulation is involved in the pathogenesis of the syndrome.
Subject(s)
Acromegaly/genetics , Corneal Opacity/pathology , Fibroma/pathology , Scalp Dermatoses/genetics , Adult , Cornea/ultrastructure , Corneal Opacity/genetics , Fibroma/ultrastructure , Humans , Male , Mouth Mucosa/pathology , SyndromeSubject(s)
Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism , Anisoles/pharmacology , Cycloheptanes/pharmacology , Glucose/metabolism , Tropolone/pharmacology , Adipose Tissue, Brown/drug effects , Animals , Colchicine/pharmacology , In Vitro Techniques , Oxidation-Reduction , Rats , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
Studies were carried out on confluent cultures of human fibroblasts to explore the effect of insulin on basal and hormone-induced elevations of intracellular cyclic AMP content during short-term incubations in serum-free medium. Insulin tended to decrease basal levels of cyclic AMP but this was not statistically significant. Similarly, insulin was unable to block the elevations of intracellular cyclic AMP content induced by PGE1, epinephrine and glucagon. Paradoxically, when cells were preincubated with insulin, PGE1-stimulated cyclic AMP elevation was potentiated, possibly because insulin was conserving factors needed for a maximal PGE1 stimulus or retarding the leakage of cAMP itself. The results indicate that insulin has little or no direct effect on cyclic AMP metabolism in cultured human fibroblasts and is consistent with the known insensitivity of these cells to insulin for other parameters.
