[The influence of geophysical factors on the parameters of human electroencephalogram].

It has been shown that cerebral processes are characterized by fine physiological meteosensitivity. Under ordinary conditions, this manifests itself in correlations between human EEG parameters and the geophysical factors: wind regime, temperature, atmospheric pressure, and relative air humidity. The biometeorological properties of EEG rhythms of a human increase with their increasing frequency in the order delta--theta--alpha--beta irrespective of age. The less the background expressiveness of the neurodynamic process, the higher its meteosensitivity till the certain limit. The lack of a component of the neurodynamic process is filled up by the functional component of another.

[The supramolecular organization and functions creatine kinase of system].

The Creatine kinase (CK) SYSTEM represents key in a power exchange mediators the structure capable to plural interactions with the majority energy making (Glycolysis and mitochondriuns) and energy consuming (ATPases) structures at use of one multifunctional metabolits--creatine and providing transport macroergs inside a cell. Mitochondrions CK provides synthesis creatine phosphates (CP) from cytoplasmic creatine and energy mitochondriums ATP. CP energetically also is structurally more favourable than ATphi. The MM, MB and BB isoforms provide splitting Kphi and synthesis ATphi for M-ATPases, Ca-ATPases and Na-K-ATPases accordingly. Questions of regulation of activity of enzyme, both in ontogenesis, and in blood are discussed.

[Neovir therapy in acute hepatitis C]. / Opyt primeneniia Neovira pri lechenii ostrogo virusnogo gepatita C.

Neovir, an inductor of interferon-alpha, was injected intramuscularly to 15 male patients aged 16-44 years with diagnosed acute viral hepatitis in a dose of 250 mg a day, 2-3 times a week, for 3 months. By the end of the therapy hepatitis C virus RNA could still be isolated in 84.6% of the patients; the values of AlaT, AsaT and alkaline phosphatase exceeded the normal levels twofold. The result of the therapy is regarded as ineffective.

[Enzymemia: an adaptive mechanism of a marker of cytolysis?]. / Fermentemiia--adaptivnyi mekhanizm ili marker tsitoliza?

The data available in the literature and the authors' own findings on possible causes, mechanisms, and modes of enzyme appearance in the blood are analyzed. Blood enzymes has been ascertained to play a major role in maintaining the body's metabolism. Clinical and experimental findings make it possible to conclude that it is biologically expedient for enzymemia to develop both in pathology and that blood enzymes are in the normal range.

[Effect of neovir in the treatment of acute hepatitis C]. / Opyt primeneniia neovira pri lechenii ostrogo gepatita C.

Fifteen male patients with acute hepatitis C aged 16-44 years were treated with neovir, an interferon inducer, administered intramuscularly in a daily dose of 250 mg 2-3 times a week for 3 months. By the end of this therapy the RNA of hepatitis C virus could still be detected in 84.6% of the patients, the characteristics of ALT, AST and alkaline phosphatase exceeded the norm more than twofold. The results of neovir therapy are regarded as ineffective.

[Biochemical consequences of acute and subacute tetrindole administration on rats]. / Biokhimicjeskie posledstviia vozdeistviia tetrindola na organizm krys v usloviiakh ostrogo i podostrogo éksperimenta.

Acute and subacute administration of tetrindol resulted in pharmacological effects and biochemical changes which can be attributed to manifestations of toxic effect and activation of the detoxication systems.

[Clinical and instrumental diagnosis of cardiac affection in patients with toxic diphtheria]. / Klinicheskaia i instrumental'naia diagnostika porazheniia serdtsa u bol'nykh toksicheskoi difteriei.

AIM: To specify myocardial affection in adult patients with toxic diphtheria (TD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Along with routine clinical examination 150 patients with toxic diphtheria underwent ECG, echo-CG and biochemical tests. 22, 81, 26, 14 and 7 patients had subtoxic TD, toxic form of the first degree, second degree, third degree and hemorrhagic TD, respectively. RESULTS: Myocardial impairment in TD develops very early, but is diagnosed in different time depending on the diagnostic technique. Early signs of myocardial involvement are activation of cardiospecific enzymes and echo-CG changes. Poor myocardial prognosis in TD is predetermined by progressive cardiac failure (primarily right ventricular), marked conduction disorders, diminished contractility, hyper- or hypoactivity of cardiospecific enzymes. CONCLUSION: The knowledge of myocardial affection variants in TD enables the clinician not only to predict the disease course but to conduct more adequate therapy resultant in less numerous lethal outcomes of toxic TD.

[Clinico-laboratory characteristics of acute viral hepatitis C in parenteral drug addicts]. / Kliniko-laboratornaia kharakteristika ostrogo virusnogo gepatita C u potrebitelei parenteral'nykh narkoticheskikh veshchestv.

AIM: To study clinical and laboratory manifestations of acute viral hepatitis C in parenteral drug addicts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Acute viral hepatitis C (AVHC) was diagnosed in 114 patients included in the trial by serological evidence and virus RNA determination at polymerase chain reaction. Among the examinees there were 63 addicts and 51 non-addicts. RESULTS: In addicts, AVHC manifests with pain in the liver, anorexia, moderate intoxication, hepatomegalia, abstinence syndrome. At admission most the addicts had a moderate rise in bilirubin concentration with prolonged normalization. 25% of the addicts had ALT < 1400 micromol/l/h, its lowering was slow. In convalescence, the addicts' liver long remained enlarged, concentrations of ALT, alkaline phosphatase, GGT remained high. CONCLUSION: VHC runs a moderate course in parenteral drug addicts, shows polymorphic symptomatology, hepatomegalia, high blood levels of ALT. Convalescence is long, hepatic functions recover slowly.

[Functional heterogeneity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes population in peripheral blood of patients with acute dysentery]. / Geterogennost' funktsional'nogo sostoianiia populiatsii polimorfno-iadernykh le'ikotsitov perifericheskoi krovi u bol'nykh ostroi dizenteriei.

AIM: To study chemiluminescence (CL) of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNL) in peripheral blood of patients with acute mild and moderate dysentery caused by Shig. Flexneri in response to Re- and S-chemotype lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Sh. Flexneri and agonists fMLP, PMA and OZ. RESULTS: PMNL population proved functionally heterogeneic, correlating with acute dysentery severity. Subgroups of PMNL varied by CL amplitude, reserve ability to additional stimulation. LPS rather modulated CL of PMNL than stimulated it. CL intensity depended on LPS structure and concentration. Mild acute dysentery was characterized by pool of primed PMNL which had higher functional reserves. CONCLUSION: CL analysis can be used for raising accuracy of dysentery prognosis and severity, assessment of implications of functional state of neutrophil granulocytes for support of antiendotoxin immunity in acute dysentery.

[Biochemical characteristics of blood from patients with febrile attacks of schizophrenia]. / Biokhimicheskie kharakteristiki krovi bol'nykh s febril'nymi pristupami shizofrenii.

The data of detailed biochemical analysis of the schizophrenic patients with febrile psychoses suggest the differences in the blood enzymatic spectrum between different types of this disease (spontaneous febrile schizophrenia, malignant neuroleptic syndrome, generalised allergic reaction). The activity of the plasma enzymes is correlated with febrile syndrome and clinical manifestation of the disease, its highest level is observed in patients with malignant neuroleptic syndrome. The role of the cytolysis in clinical manifestation different types of psychoses is discussed.

[The etiological structure and characteristics of liver involvement in patients with HIV infection]. / Etiologicheskaia struktura i osobennosti porazhenii pecheni u bol'nykh s VICh-infektsiei.

Hepatic lesions were analyzed in 33 patients with HIV-infection. The patients were divided into two groups by the disease stage: early (stage IIB, IIIA, n = 12) and late (stage IIIB and IIIC, n = 21). Markers of hepatitis A, B and C were found in 42.4% of patients. Patients of group 1 had acute and chronic viral hepatitides (75%), hepatic alcoholic damage. Patients of group 2 developed combined hepatic lesions resultant from generalized bacterial, fungal and parasitic infections (66.7%), chronic hepatitides and viral cirrhoses (33.3%), alcohol abuse (33.3%). Elevated levels of the enzymes (AsAT, AlAT, LDG) at early stages of HIV-infection were brought about by hepatic involvement while at late stages by polyorganic abnormalities.

[The enzyme activity and pyruvate, lactate and 2,3-DPG levels in the erythrocytes of patients with severe forms of meningococcal infection and suppurative meningitis]. / Aktivnost' fermentov, soderzhanie piruvata, laktata i 2,3-DFG éritrotsitov u bol'nykh s tiazhelymi formami meningokokkovoi infektsii i gnoinykh meningitov.

Red cell metabolism (RCM) was examined in 63 patients with severe and complicated meningococcal infection and purulent meningitis of another etiology. There were complex pathobiochemical shifts with changes in glycolysis (in activity of lactate dehydrogenase, piruvatkinase, in the amount of piruvate, lactate and 2,3-DPG), antioxidant status (in the activity of glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase, glutathione reductase), Mg+2, Na+, K(+)-dependent ATPase. Primary depression of red cell metabolism changed for compensatory activation for hypoxia adaptation in clinical improvement. RCM disturbance coincided with emergence of early complications and reached maximum in lethal outcome. Pathogenetic and clinical implications of RCM in meningococcal infection and purulent meningitis are described.

[Mechanism of action of electromagnetic fields biologically adequate to man]. / K voprosu o mekhanizme deistviia bioadekvatnykh cheloveku élektromagnitnykh polei.

The paper analyzes 10-year experience in making experimental observations and clinically using electromagnetic fields (EMF) biologically adequate to man. Basic investigations of the electromechanical process that lead to the occurrence of currents in the bone tissue and blood vascular walls in their functional deformation were conducted. They showed that the piezoelectric effect is the most marked in the intact bone tissue. Experimental studies determined the amplitude and shape of impulses of currents emerging in the intact bone tissue of the extremities and in the walls of blood vessels during pulse blood filling. The bioelectric tissue metabolism changes in various human locomotor abnormalities. The lost part in the diseased area can be restored by means of external EMF. On this basis, devices for human biologically adequate electromagnetic therapy were designed. The efficiency of each session of electromagnetic therapy was evaluated from the normalization of blood circulation in the diseased area. The efficiency of this therapy in vascular disease was noted to depend on the synchronization of the generated electromagnetic pulse with the pulse wave of a patient and its phases. An experiment on 13 intact mongrel dogs was made to reveal the impact of EMF biologically adequate to man on bone marrow hemopoiesis. EMF 2 was found to have a stimulating effect on granulocytopoiesis. Platelet counts were elevated in the peripheral blood of animals. Analysing 2000 clinical cases and canine experimental findings provided evidence for the following mechanism of action of the electromagnetic fields biologically adequate to man. The fields exert a primary initial and virtually rapid action on the active areas of nerve structures and smooth muscle of blood vascular walls. They show a primary, but slower action on blood cells and on the vascular endothelial structure. There may be a secondary impact of EMF on some endocrine glands, which causes changes in the protein metabolism of a biological object and appears as stimulation of granulocytopoiesis and depot platelet release into the peripheral blood stream.

[Erythrocyte metabolism in meningococcal infection and purulent meningitis]. / Metaboliszm éritrotsitov pri meningokokkovoi infektsii i gnoinykh meningitakh.

The red blood cell metabolic parameters ATP, ADP, sigma AN, ATP/ADP, ATP/ATP, energy charge, PAD, 2,3-DPH, Pn were studied in 106 patients with generalized meningococcus infection (GMI) and meningitis of other etiology over their natural history. There was a typical adaptative red blood cell response that featured glycolytic stimulation on hypoxia that ran with impaired red blood cell energy metabolism (RBCEM), negative energy balance. It was the most pronounced at the peak of disease. RBCEM changes occurred in the presence of antioxidative disorders of red blood cells as lowered PAD levels. When early complications, such as shock, brain edema, death developed, there was a high incidence of signs of erythrocytic biochemical disadaptation. The RBCEM changes were associated with the magnitude of cytolysis, i.e. serum AST and AST/ALT levels. The significance of the metabolic changes found in the red blood cells in the pathogenesis and clinical picture of GMI and purulent meningitis is discussed in the paper.

[The dynamics of erythrocyte metabolism in severe forms of meningococcal infection and suppurative meningitis in children]. / Dinamika metabolizma éritrotsitov pri tiazhelykh formakh meningokokkovoi infektsii i gnoinykh meningitov u detei.

In 63 children with severe meningococcal infection (MI) and meningitides of another origin red cell metabolism was studied: levels of ATP, ADP, AMP, ATP/ADP, ATP/AMP, energetic charge, 2,3-DPG, FAD, piruvate, lactate, activity of lactate dehydrogenase, piruvate kinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutatione reductase, Mg2+, Na+, K(+)-dependent ATPase. All the disease periods were characterized by combined pathobiochemical shifts of different degree typical for varying metabolic systems and correlating with the infection severity. The discussion covers pathogenetic and clinical significance of red cell metabolism shifts in patients with MI and purulent meningitides.

[Tuberculosis in patients with HIV infection]. / Tuberkulez u bol'nykh s VICh-infektsiei.

Within 1987-1995 the authors observed 16 cases of tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients which accounted for 26.7% of AIDS patients treated by them. 14 cases were diagnosed intravitally, 2 postmortem. Infiltrative, generalized, cavernous, intrathoracic lymph node, intraabdominal lymph node tuberculosis and tuberculous pleurisy were identified in 5, 6, 2, 1, 1 and 1 patients, respectively. 6 patients from the above are still alive and are receiving treatment (5 of them with infiltrative tuberculosis), 10 died. Tuberculosis course and outcomes in HIV-infected subjects depended on the stage of their immunodeficiency. In moderate immunodeficiency (CD4-lymphocyte > 200/mm3) tuberculosis ran, as a rule, as local and infiltrative, sensitive to specific therapy. In severe damage to immune system (CD4 < 100/mm3) tuberculosis acquired a generalized course, sometimes fulminant, resistant to treatment. It is inferred that HIV-infected subjects with immunodeficiency need tuberculosis prophylaxis with isoniazide or rifampicin.

[The clinical manifestations of HIV infection during seroconversion]. / Klinicheskie proiavleniia VICh-infektsii v periode serokonversii.

21 seroconversion HIV-infected subjects have been examined. 16 of them presented with acute symptoms. The disease in the period of seroconversion manifested with fever, weakness, headache, pain in the throat, enlargement of peripheral lymph nodes, polymorphous eruption. Typical mononucleosis-like syndrome occurred in 3 patients only. Half of the patients had subclinical disease, no eruption was seen. Because of clinical indications only 8 of 21 patients were examined for HIV infection. One-third of the patients in seroconversion had moderate thrombocytopenia, probably of autoimmune nature. Autoimmune disorder of the thyroid was registered in 1 patient. The diagnosis of acute HIV infection is not easy in view of rare occurrence of immunodeficiency typical for this infection. Candidiasis of the mucosa was seen in 37.5%, low levels of CD4-lymphocytes in 66.7% of the cases.

[Clinico-hemostatic characteristics of serum disease in toxic forms of diphtheria]. / Kliniko-gemosatziologicheskie osobennosti techeniia syvorotochnoi bolezni pri toksicheskikh formakh difterii.

Coagulative changes at the height of serum disease were investigated in 28 patients with severe diphtheria. It was found that on day 10 after first injection of diphtheria antitoxin hemocoagulation underwent activation with prevailing thrombogenesis coinciding in time with acute period of serum disease. The severity of serum complications correlated with the degree of coagulation activity. A relationship exists between the amount of the given antitoxin, duration of hormone therapy and occurrence of serum complications. There were specific for serum disease biochemical alterations indicative of destruction of blood cells and vascular-endothelial structures on the disease day 12-14.