[Helicobacter pylori genome alleles S1 and S2 and morphological changes gastric mucosa in children and adults in the Bialystok province]. / Allel S1 I S2 genomu helicobacter pylori a zmiany morfologiczne blony sluzowej zoladka u dzieci I doroslych w województwie podlaskim.

UNLABELLED: Bacteria virulent proteins, among other vacA, have a significant role in the occurrence of gastric mucositis. AIM: The aim of the study was the evaluation of occurrence rate of alleles s1 and s2 of Helicobacter pylori vacA genome in children and adults, inhabitants of the Podlasie province. It was also to determine the correlation between infection with a determined s1 or s2 vacA genotype of the bacterium and the degree of severity and activity of antral mucositis. METHODS: 68-H. pylori infected persons (38 children and 30 adults) were examined, vacA genotypes of 70 H. pylori strain were evaluated. RESULTS: The degree of inflammatory changes in antral mucosa was differentiated and depended on vacA alleles of H. pylori strain. Allele s1 more frequently coexisted with moderate and severe antral mucositis in adults than in children (56.3% vs 50,0%, respectively). Allele s1 occurrence correlated with high activity inflammation in 47.5% of cases, medium activity--18.6%, and low activity--5.1%. CONCLUSIONS: Allele s1 was more frequently stated both in children and adults (86.8% and 81.3%, respectively) as compared to allele s2. Allele s1 also more frequently coexisted with low-activity inflammation or with no-activity inflammation of antral mucositis in children than in adults (36.8% vs 18.8%, respectively).

[Occurrence rate of Helicobacter pylori iceA alleles in infected patient in the Bialystok Province]. / Czestosc wystepowania alleli icea helicobacter pylori u zakazonych w województwie podlaskim.

UNLABELLED: Intensity of gastric mucosa and/or duodenal inflammation and their clinical consequences in response to Helicobacter pylori infection depend on a given strain virulence. A receptor protein IceA, induced by contact with epithelium gene A, is one of important proteins in the process of infection. Examinations of iceA genotype have show that the rate of occurrence of H. pylori strains containing iceA1 or iceA2 is differentiated in various regions of the world. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was the evaluation of H. pylori iceA alleles occurrence in infected children and adults, inhabitants of the Bialystok Province regarding the place of living (country, town). METHODS: H. pylori genotyping was carried out on the basis of the analyses bacterial gene iceA, and allelo-specific PCR were used to determine the former gene and two variants of the gene--iceA1 and iceA2. RESULTS: Out of 50 analyzed genotypes of H. pylori , the presence of iceA gene was observed in 47 strains of bacteria. iceA allele was presented in 25 isolates of examined bacteria DNA (53.2%) while iceA2--in 29 (61.7%). No iceA alleles were isolated from 3 DNA isolates (6%) whereas in 7 examined isolates (14.0%), the coexistence of both iceA alleles (iceA1 and iceA2) was observed. After excluding isolates of H. pylori DNA with coexisting iceA1 and iceA2 (7 persons), it was stated that iceA1 allele occurred in 19 examined isolates (45.0%) and iceA2--in 23 (55.0%). CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of H. pylori strains of iceA2 genotype was more frequent in adults (59.1%). The occurrence of H. pylori strains of iceA2 genotype was more frequent in persons living in the country and town (52.4% and 54.5%, respectively).

The evaluation of vacA gene alleles frequency in Helicobacter pylori strains in children and adults in Podlaskie region.

The frequency of Helicobacter pylori infection in population can depend on the organism resistance, genetic condition, and bacterial strains virulence. A vacA gene, of mosaic structure, which encodes vacuolating cytotoxin is one of the known genes of H. pylori. The existence of several different genotypes of s and m regions enables the formation of numerous combinations of vacA gene genome. The studies on vacA genotype revealed that the frequency of occurrence of H. pylori containing s1 or s2, as well as m1 and m2 alleles varies in different parts of the world. The aim of the studies performed in the group of children and adults was to evaluate the prevalence of particular vacA gene alleles distribution in the population of the Podlasie province. The allele s1, which occurred in 84.3% of the examined group (86.8% in children and 81.3% in adults), turned out to be the most frequently observed of the signal encoding region. Statistically significant differences in s1 and s2 alleles distribution in relation to a dwelling place were not detected. The allele m2 (42.1% in children and 59% in adults) was the allele of midregion, most frequently occurring in our studies. The allele m2 was observed more often in H. pylori strains in the inhabitants from the urban areas (data statistically significant).

[Familial transmission of Helicobacter pylori infection in Podlasie Region]. / Transmisja Helicobacter pylori w rodzinach województwa podlaskiego.

The purpose of the study was to assess the incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection in members of families in the Podlasie Region. The study included members of 205 families in whom IgG antibodies against H. pylori were determined. The mean number of members examined in a family was 3.07. The mean age was 16.6 years; the mean level of specific IgG antibodies was 67.35 U/ml. Of the families examined 47 (22.0%) had all members with a positive titer of antibodies against H. pylori (> 24 U/ml); in 62 (30.2%) families, all members presented a negative result of IgG antibodies against H. pylori (< 24 U/ml). Of 97 mothers examined, a positive titer of IgG was found in 77.1%. Of 33 fathers (81.8%) were seropositive. In the families with a mother seropositive, the infection in at least one child examined was revealed in 48.6% of the families, whereas in the families with a mother seronegative, all her children were healthy in 63.6% of the families. In case of a father, a positive IgG in at least one child was found in 55.5% of the families, whereas no infection in children was estabilished in 44.4%.

[Resistance to antibiotics used in Helicobacter pylori infection in children]. / Opornosc na antybiotyki stosowane w zakazeniu Helicobacter pylori u dzieci.

In literature and clinical findings, the attention has been turned to the resistance to the antibiotics used in Helicobacter pylori eradication, especially metronidazole and clarithromycin. Drug-resistance was evaluated in 50 children. Primary drug-resistance to the antibiotics used in eradications was determined in this group, and additionally, in 18 children who were subjected twice to unsuccessful eradicative therapy. The highest secondary resistance to metronidazole up to 72.0% was found among conventionally used antibiotics. Primary resistance of H. pylori rods to clarithromycin was also high and equaled 25.0%. However, in our study secondary resistance to macrolides was about 66.0%. In our study combined primary resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole was about 7.2%. There was not H. pylori rods resistance to amoxicillin and tetracyclines.