ABSTRACT
The paper presents the results of studying the spectrum of influenza A and B viruses to rimantadine, arbidol, and oseltamivir and describes the methods used for these purposes for epidemiological surveillance. Different sensitivities to rimantadine were found among influenza A viruses. During the 2007-2008 season, the vast majority of influenza A(H3N2) virus strains were resistant to rimantadine (77%) while all influenza A(H1N1) virus strains preserved their resistance to this drug. The fact that the epidemic influenza A(H1N1) virus strains that carry the mutation responsible for resistance to the neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir (Tamiflu) circulated in the Russian Federation was first established. At the same time all the study influenza A(H1N1) virus strains preserved their susceptibility to rimantadine. The sensitivity of the epidemic strains to arbidol has been confirmed.
Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/pharmacology , Environmental Monitoring , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/drug effects , Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/drug effects , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Influenza, Human/virology , Disease Outbreaks , Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics , Epidemiological Monitoring , Humans , Indoles/pharmacology , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/genetics , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/isolation & purification , Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/genetics , Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/isolation & purification , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Mutation , Oseltamivir/pharmacology , Rimantadine/pharmacology , Russia/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The paper gives the results of using ozeltamivir in patients with influenza during the epidemic upsurge of morbidity in Russia in the 2006-2007 season. Comparative analysis of nucteotide sequences of viral strains isolated from the patients taking ozeltamivir revealed no marker mutations determining the resistance to this chemical.
Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype , Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype , Influenza, Human/drug therapy , Oseltamivir/therapeutic use , Adolescent , Adult , Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage , Capsules , Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral/drug effects , Drug Administration Schedule , Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics , Female , Humans , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/drug effects , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/genetics , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/isolation & purification , Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/drug effects , Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/genetics , Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/isolation & purification , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Influenza, Human/virology , Male , Middle Aged , Moscow/epidemiology , Mutation , Oseltamivir/administration & dosage , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
The results of molecular analysis of 15 influenza A(H3N2) and 17-A(H1N1) epidemic strains isolated in the Russian Federation in 1995-2007 are described. The analysis on the M2 and neuraminidase influenza A virus genes was performed. The M2 sequences analysis among the remantadin resistant viruses demonstrated the S31N substitution in all strains. Besides S31N substitution, additional mutations were detected in both proteins. Mutations associated with S31N substitution were detected in each virus subtype, which may be considered as new markers for the identification of remantadin-resistant strains. The sequencing of the NA segments from all viruses showed no amino acid substitutions known to cause resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors, which indicates susceptibility to NA inhibitors among the strains.
