Multiscale characterization of the hierarchical structure of Dynastes hercules elytra.

Beetle elytra are thickened forewings, they are lightweight and tough to protect the hindwings without hindering flight capacities. Dynastes hercules elytra are known for their hygrochromic properties. However, the whole structure of the elytron remains to be characterized. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and to our knowledge for the first time X-Ray tomography were undertaken on adult male Dynastes hercules to characterize their multi-scale structure. Trabeculae present a periodic arrangement over a short distance. Two inferred models describe the heights of plies in endocuticles of dorsal and ventral cuticles. We hypothesize that this study could provide inspiration for biomimetic materials.