ABSTRACT
The role of Ann Arbor staging in determining treatment intensity after achieving a negative positron emission tomography (PET) has not been established in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). Patients with stage I-IV cHL, received three cycles of ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine) and an interim PET scan (PET3). PET3-negative patients received no further therapy. PET3-positive patients received three additional cycles of ABVD plus involved-field radiation therapy or salvage chemotherapy, if refractory to ABVD, and were re-evaluated by PET scan (PET6). Study endpoints were 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates. Two hundred and thirty-nine patients with early-stage and 138 with advanced-stage were evaluable. Overall, 260 patients (70%) were PET3-negative and had higher 3-year PFS (90% vs. 65%; P < 0·0001) and OS (98% vs. 92%; P = 0·007) rates than PET3-positive patients. All PET3-negative patients, regardless of disease stage at diagnosis, achieved similarly good PFS (90-91%; P = 0·76) and OS (97-99%). The only independent prognostic factor for PFS was PET3-negativity (Hazard ratio 3·8; 95% confidence interval 2·4-6·3; P < 0·0001). This study suggests that cHL patients who achieve a negative PET3 following ABVD have an excellent outcome, regardless of stage at diagnosis. An appropriately powered, phase III trial will be necessary to confirm these findings.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Hodgkin Disease/diagnostic imaging , Hodgkin Disease/drug therapy , Positron-Emission Tomography/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology , Bleomycin/pharmacology , Bleomycin/therapeutic use , Dacarbazine/pharmacology , Dacarbazine/therapeutic use , Doxorubicin/pharmacology , Doxorubicin/therapeutic use , Female , Hodgkin Disease/pathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Survival Analysis , Vinblastine/pharmacology , Vinblastine/therapeutic use , Young AdultABSTRACT
This paper describes experiments designed to test the effect of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) on calcium metabolism of adult ovariectomized rats. The 24 animals were randomly assigned to control or treated groups. Treated rats received 15 mg of DMPA i.m. per week, during four or twelve weeks. Controls received solvent alone. The variables characterizing the metabolism of Ca (daily rates of intestinal absorption and excretion, bone accretion and resorption and the sizes of the exchangeable pools and their rate constants) were measured with the aid of 45Ca according to Aubert and Milhaud. No effects were observed at four weeks of treatment. After twelve weeks, treatment produced serum levels of 46.5 ñ 5.6 nmoles of medroxyprogesterone/L, reduction of bone turnover (Ca accretion and resorption rates) and of the size of the slow exchanging Ca compartment. The increase in true Ca intestinal absorption was compensated by the increased endogenous fecal Ca excretion. The mass of body Ca was not affected by treatment.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Calcium/metabolism , Medroxyprogesterone Acetate/pharmacology , Ovariectomy , Progestins/pharmacology , Bone Resorption , Calcium/analysis , Feces/chemistry , Intestinal Absorption/drug effects , Medroxyprogesterone Acetate/blood , Progestins/blood , Random AllocationABSTRACT
This paper describes experiments designed to test the effect of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) on calcium metabolism of adult ovariectomized rats. The 24 animals were randomly assigned to control or treated groups. Treated rats received 15 mg of DMPA i.m. per week, during four or twelve weeks. Controls received solvent alone. The variables characterizing the metabolism of Ca (daily rates of intestinal absorption and excretion, bone accretion and resorption and the sizes of the exchangeable pools and their rate constants) were measured with the aid of 45Ca according to Aubert and Milhaud. No effects were observed at four weeks of treatment. After twelve weeks, treatment produced serum levels of 46.5 ñ 5.6 nmoles of medroxyprogesterone/L, reduction of bone turnover (Ca accretion and resorption rates) and of the size of the slow exchanging Ca compartment. The increase in true Ca intestinal absorption was compensated by the increased endogenous fecal Ca excretion. The mass of body Ca was not affected by treatment. (AU)
