Subject(s)
Animal Welfare , Animals, Laboratory , Research/standards , Veterinary Medicine/standards , Animals , CanadaSubject(s)
Animal Welfare , Animals , Animals, Laboratory , Canada , Professional Staff Committees , Public Opinion , ResearchSubject(s)
Animal Welfare , Animals , Animals, Laboratory , Canada , Pain , Professional Staff Committees , ResearchABSTRACT
In the course of experiments on the effects of anabolic steroids on the myocardium of rat conceptuses, we found that subcutaneous implantation of 10 mg of estradiol, Dianabol or testosterone to rats in mid pregnancy, resulted in embryo resorption. Placental tissue was identified only in estradiol-treated rats which also demonstrated a large amount of serosanguineous fluid that dilated the horns considerably. The yellow nodules of placental attachment sites were represented histologically by cellular and vascular proliferations between the inner and outer layers of the myometrium. The nodular aggregates of cells had variable features according to the steroid administered. Neither decidual cells nor metrial glands that are reported to be the constituents of placental attachment sites were seen in our material. We conclude that anabolic steroids are potent agents for embryo resorption, and that the cells in the nodules of placental attachment sites are likely to be derived from the myometrium.
Subject(s)
Embryo Loss/chemically induced , Estradiol/toxicity , Fetal Death/chemically induced , Methandrostenolone/toxicity , Testosterone/toxicity , Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Uterus/drug effectsSubject(s)
Animal Experimentation , Animal Testing Alternatives , Animal Welfare , Politics , Animals , CanadaABSTRACT
The Canadian Council on Animal Care (CCAC), is an autonomous advisory and supervisory body responsible for surveillance of experimental animal care and use in Canada's universities, government laboratories and pharmaceutical houses. Its 20-organization membership includes representatives of government, industry, academia and the humane movement. CCAC's voluntary peer review program depends heavily on institutional animal care committees who evaluate the ethical aspects of animal study protocols, and provide day-to-day surveillance of animal care. Its scientific teams, each of which also includes an appointee of the Canadian Federation of Humane Societies (CFHS), conduct assessments based on CCAC's "Guide to the Care and Use of Experimental Animals" (Volume 1, 1980; Volume 2, 1984). Canada's two major funding agencies, the Medical Research Council (MRC) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC), have recently stated that, in the event of an institution's continued non-compliance with CCAC requirements, sanctions may include the "freezing or withdrawal of any or all research programs funded by either or both Research Councils in an institution". This presentation describes the CCAC program of voluntary peer review and examines historic aspects of animal issues in Canada, from that country's early reliance on the fur trade, to today's almost defunct harp seal fishery, from Banting and Best's discovery of insulin, to development of the pacemaker.
Subject(s)
Animal Welfare , Animal Testing Alternatives , Animal Welfare/history , Animals , Canada , History, 20th Century , Pain , Peer ReviewABSTRACT
The Canadian Council on Animal Care (CCAC), founded in 1968, monitors and influences the care and use of animals utilized for experimentation in that country. Its program is one of voluntary peer review stressing control from within the institution exercised by the local animal care committee (ACC). Council's assessment panels evaluate and make recommendations regarding facilities and the effectiveness of the ACC.
