Hypertriglyceridemia-Induced Acute Pancreatitis During Pregnancy: A Case Report.

Hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis is a rare and serious condition that places both the mother and the fetus at severe risk for morbidity and mortality. The goal of this case report is to describe the management of a pregnant patient with severely elevated triglycerides in the setting of acute pancreatitis. A 28-year-old female G2P1001 at 29 weeks of gestational age presented with epigastric abdominal pain. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen and pelvis with contrast demonstrated acute interstitial edematous pancreatitis. A lipid panel was performed, revealing a serum triglyceride level of 3,949 mg/dL. Insulin and maternal bowel rest reduced her serum triglyceride levels; however, additional medical therapy including fibrate and statin drugs were initiated to achieve goal levels of triglycerides and improve patient symptoms. The patient ultimately recovered and remained on treatment until delivery. Initial management addresses acute pancreatitis and involves fluid resuscitation, pain control, and bowel rest. Triglyceride-lowering drug therapies are rarely used during pregnancy due to the potential for fetal teratogenicity; however, given the severity of hypertriglyceridemia fenofibrate and atorvastatin were prescribed. Additional medical treatment included insulin, omega-3, and ethyl eicosapentaenoic acid.

Diagnosis and management of hepatic ectopic pregnancy.

BACKGROUND: We present a case in which an adnexal mass caused symptoms that eventually lead to the identification of a primary hepatic pregnancy. CASE: A young woman presented with abdominal pain, a positive hCG test result, an empty uterus, and a pelvic mass. Diagnostic laparoscopy revealed a cystic adnexal mass. An exploratory laparotomy with ovarian cystectomy identified a mature teratoma but no evidence of pregnancy in the pelvis. Because the patient's quantitative hCG level continued to increase without evidence of an intrauterine pregnancy, a dilation and curettage was performed which yielded no products of conception. An ultrasound examination and magnetic resonance imaging identified an 11-week ectopic pregnancy with fetal cardiac activity located in the maternal liver. This was treated with fetal injections of methotrexate and potassium chloride under ultrasound guidance and subsequent maternal intramuscular injection of methotrexate. The patient tolerated these interventions well, and subsequent ultrasound examinations showed absent fetal cardiac activity and decreasing fetal size. Serial hCG tests were followed up to zero, and the patient's liver enzyme levels remained normal. CONCLUSION: With persistently rising hCG levels and no pregnancy identified in the uterus or pelvis, there should be a thorough evaluation of the entire pelvis and abdomen. Magnetic resonance imaging is a useful tool for locating such an ectopic pregnancy. Once identified, decisions regarding surgical versus medical management must take risk of adverse outcomes into consideration. This report reveals an 11-week hepatic pregnancy managed conservatively with fetal potassium chloride and maternal methotrexate administration.

Triplet heterotopic pregnancy after gonadotropin stimulation and intrauterine insemination diagnosed at laparoscopy: a case report.

Heterotopic pregnancy has been traditionally considered a rare event; however, with the use of assisted reproductive technology, the incidence of heterotopic pregnancies is increasing. Diagnosing a heterotopic pregnancy can be challenging. This report describes a 30-year-old female at 11 weeks' gestation with an intrauterine twin pregnancy after gonadotropin stimulation and intrauterine insemination who presented complaining of left lower quadrant abdominal pain with constipation and cramps. The patient was empirically treated for diverticulitis but failed to respond to therapy. A heterotopic triplet pregnancy was ultimately diagnosed at laparoscopy. Heterotopic pregnancy must be considered in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain in the first trimester, especially in patients who conceived by means of assisted reproductive technology. Surgical treatment is the most frequently used method of treatment.

Female patients' sex preferences in selection of gynecologists and surgeons.

OBJECTIVES: In this study, the authors investigated sex preferences for gynecologists and surgeons among female patients, and explored potential contributing factors. METHODS: One hundred forty-six female patients were surveyed in a private practice office concerning their sex preferences and past obstetric/gynecologic care. For data comparisons, chi2 or Fisher exact tests were used. RESULTS: Gynecologist sex preferences were similar between male (30%), female (35%), and no sex preferences (35%). Patients who had a female obstetrician at their first delivery or began their gynecologic care with a female were more likely to prefer a female gynecologist. Multiparous patients were more likely to state no preference for a gynecologist. There were no statistical differences in sex preferences when patients were stratified by age, race, educational background, age of first gynecologist visit, or the age at their first delivery. About half of the patients (51%) stated that they preferred a male surgeon; only 3% preferred a female surgeon, and 46% stated they had no preference. CONCLUSIONS: Our investigation demonstrated that women's preferences for a gynecologist were divided equally between preferring a male, a female, and having no preference. Our study did find, however, that about half of the female patients preferred a male surgeon.