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1.
Heliyon ; 10(8): e28988, 2024 Apr 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38660273

ABSTRACT

Marine potential does not only store economic potential, but also preserves other potentials from ecological, geopolitical, geostrategic to the potential for international conflicts that make security at sea very essential for all countries in the world. This article aims to analyze maritime security or maritime security with a bibliometric approach using the Scopus database. The main search keyword used was "Maritime Security" employing the VOSviewer application for evaluating several clusters. Meanwhile, the NVivo12 application was used as a tool for analyzing wordcloud. In a nutshell, the highest year of research related to maritime security occurred in 2019 and America became the country which most often wrote literature on maritime security. In addition, most research trends are investigating maritime security with a focus on countries' strategies to anticipate risks and threats that arise in the maritime sector by conducting cluster mapping. To sum up, this article conclusively informs that maritime security requires the international definition for future studies.

2.
Heliyon ; 9(2): e13431, 2023 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36879757

ABSTRACT

The Job Creation Law (JCL) is an omnibus law promulgated by the Indonesian government to promote investment in the nation by simplifying business license issuance and providing an exemption on previously established procedures. Business license applicants are exempted from the obligation to conduct Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) so long as their projects are aligned with the land utilization policy and the zoning plan. This creates a threat to environmental sustainability as only 10% cities or regencies in Indonesia are equipped with detailed zoning plans. Furthermore, environmental considerations are rarely incorporated into spatial planning. This paper reviews changes in spatial and environmental planning practices based on a comparison among existing regulations, qualitative assessment of potential environmental impact based on lessons learned from various study cases, and critical evaluations on the aim to ease business establishment versus sustainability. The research method includes analysis of relevant document and descriptive quantitative analysis. We found that JCL puts sustainability aside and may lead to further environmental degradation.

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