ABSTRACT
Beginning in December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), due to 2019-nCoV infection, emerged in Wuhan and spread rapidly throughout China and even worldwide. Employing combined therapy of modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine has been proposed, in which Ma Xing Shi Gan Decoction (MXSGD) was recommended as a basic prescription and applied widely in the clinical treatment of COVID-19. We investigated the underlying mechanism of MXSGD in treating COVID-19 utilizing the approaches of integrating network pharmacology. A total of 97 active ingredients of MXSGD were screened out, and 169 targets were predicted. The protein-protein interaction network exhibited hub targets of MXSGD, such as Heat shock protein 90, RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase, Transcription factor AP-1, Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1, Cellular tumor antigen p53, Vascular endothelial growth factor A, and Tumour necrosis factor. Gene Ontology functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that the biological processes altered within the body after taking MXSGD were closely related to the regulation of such processes as the acute inflammatory response, chemokine production, vascular permeability, response to oxygen radicals, oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, T cell differentiation involved in the immune response, immunoglobulin secretion, and extracellular matrix disassembly. KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the targets of MXSGD were significantly enriched in inflammation-related pathways, immunomodulation-related pathways, and viral infection-related pathways. The therapeutic mechanisms of MXSGD on COVID-19 may primarily involve the following effects: reducing inflammation, suppressing cytokine storm, protecting the pulmonary alveolar-capillary barrier, alleviating pulmonary edema, regulating the immune response, and decreasing fever.
Subject(s)
Betacoronavirus/drug effects , Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy , COVID-19 , Coronavirus Infections/genetics , Coronavirus Infections/metabolism , Gene Regulatory Networks/drug effects , Humans , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral/genetics , Pneumonia, Viral/metabolism , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
This study aims to investigate the accuracy and value of multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) angiography in the evaluation of renal artery variation in living donor kidney transplantation. Two hundred seventy-three kidney transplantation donors underwent preoperative MSCT scanning. Two doctors determined the running direction and variation of the renal artery through joint analysis of the preoperative original MSCT image and the recombination image using the blind reading method, compared the imaging results with the intraoperative results, and evaluated the accuracy and application value of MSCT angiography in the evaluation of renal artery variation in living donor kidney transplantation. CT angiography (CTA) can better show the renal artery and its variation. A total of 52 accessory renal arteries were found in the 273 kidney transplant operations, whereas 55 accessory renal arteries were found in preoperative MSCT. Four accessory renal arteries indicated in the MSCT were not found during the operation, and one accessory renal artery found during the operation was not indicated in the preoperative MSCT. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of MSCT in the diagnosis of accessory renal arteries were 98.1, 98.2, 92.7, 99.5, and 98.2%, respectively. MSCT angiography can sensitively and accurately show the renal artery and its variation in living donor kidney transplantation, and has important clinical value for the formulation of the operative scheme before the transplantation.
