[Rapid Response obstetrics Team at Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social,enabling factors]. / Equipo de Respuesta Inmediata obstétrico en el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, factores facilitadores.

BACKGROUND: There are barriers and enablers for the implementation of Rapid Response Teams in obstetric hospitals. The enabling factors were determined at Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) MATERIAL AND METHODS: An observational, retrospective study was conducted by analysing the emergency obstetric reports sent by mobile technology and e-mail to the Medical Care Unit of the IMSS in 2013. Frequency and mean was obtained using the Excel 2010 program for descriptive statistics. RESULTS: A total of 164,250 emergency obstetric cases were reported, and there was a mean of 425 messages per day, of which 32.2% were true obstetric emergencies and required the Rapid Response team. By e-mail, there were 73,452 life threatening cases (a mean of 6 cases per day). A monthly simulation was performed in hospitals (480 in total). Enabling factors were messagés synchronisation among the participating personnel,the accurate record of the obstetrics, as well as the simulations performed by the operational staff. The most common emergency was pre-eclampsia-eclampsia with 3,351 reports, followed by obstetric haemorrhage with 2,982 cases. DISCUSSION: The enabling factors for the implementation of a rapid response team at IMSS were properly timed communication between the central delegation teams, as they allowed faster medical and administrative management and participation of hospital medical teams in the process. CONCLUSION: Mobile technology has increased the speed of medical and administrative management in emergency obstetric care. However, comparative studies are needed to determine the statistical significance.

[Causes of maternal mortality in the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, period 2009-2012]. / Causas de mortalidad materna en el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, periodo 2009-2012.

BACKGROUND: The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) has declined slowly, despite the WHO resolved to reduce up to 75 % the maternal mortality from 1990 to 2015. This is why it is necessary to continue the analysis of the causes to strengthen and innovate the courses of action to reduce maternal deaths in our country. METHODS: A retrospective study which included maternal deaths (due to direct and indirect causes) that occurred in the period 2009-2012. The information was obtained from the file of maternal death, which is an Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) official source. We used the WHO definition of maternal death. Indirect deaths were grouped according to the International Classification of Illnesses (ICI-10). It was used descriptive statistics. RESULTS: The MMR in the IMSS has declined slowly but steadily: in 2012, it was recorded the lowest MMR in this institute: 26.4. However, severe preeclampsia-eclampsia and obstetric hemorrhage were the first and second place, respectively, as direct causes of death. As indirect causes, cardiovascular diseases and malignant neoplasms were the first places (without underestimating the respiratory diseases top figures). CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to keep doing our efforts to diminish maternal deaths in all levels of medical care at the IMSS. It is a priority to continue education and preconception counseling to women of childbearing age with such diseases.

Introducción: la razón de muerte materna (RMM) ha disminuido lentamente, no obstante que la OMS se propuso reducirla en un 75 % en el período de 1990 a 2015. Por esto es necesario continuar con el análisis de las causas para reforzar e innovar líneas de acción y así disminuir las muertes maternas en nuestro país. Métodos: estudio retrospectivo en el que se incluyeron casos de muerte materna que ocurrieron de 2009 a 2012, por causa directa e indirecta. La información se obtuvo del expediente de muerte materna, el cual es un documento oficial del IMSS. La definición de muerte materna utilizada fue la emitida por la OMS. Las muertes indirectas se agruparon según la décima revisión de la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades (CIE-10). Se utilizó estadística descriptiva. Resultados: la RMM en el IMSS ha disminuido en forma lenta pero constante, pues en el 2012 se obtuvo la RMM más baja en la institución (26.4). Sin embargo, la preeclampsia severa-eclampsia y la hemorragia obstétrica ocuparon el primero y segundo lugar. Como causa indirecta, las enfermedades del sistema cardiovascular, y las neoplasias malignas ocuparon los primeros lugares sin subestimar las cifras de las patologías respiratorias, digestivas y endocrinas. Conclusiones: es necesario proseguir con los esfuerzos para disminuir la RMM en todos los niveles de atención médica. Es prioritario continuar con la educación y consejería preconcepcional a mujeres en edad fértil y fortalecer las acciones en la planificación familiar.

[Incidence of preterm births in the IMSS (2007-2012)]. / Incidencia de nacimientos pretérmino en el IMSS (2007-2012).

BACKGROUND: The birth of a premature child implies an expense raised for the families and the systems of health for the possibilities of visual, auditory disability and problems of learning. The rate of premature births, according to the WHO, goes from 5 to 18 %, for what it was found that it will have to diminish. OBJECTIVE: Knows the behavior of the incident of the childbirth pretérmino in the Mexican Institute of the Social Insurance (IMSS) during the period 2007-2012 in the hospitals of the second and third level of attention ginecoobstétrica. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Descriptive and retrospective study in which there was analyzed the existing information of the cases brought of birth pretérmino in the IMSS (2007-2012). Proved: the total of births was of born 3,135,755 alive, of this 7.7 % they were pretérmino in all the conditions of the Republic, which on having differed with the second level of attention existed 188,715 (6.8%) born pretérmino and the third level of attention (Medical Units of Alta Especialidad, UMAES) with 51,635 (13.7%) born pretérmino (p < 0.05). RESULTS: The total of births was of born 3,135,755 alive, of this 7.7% they were pretérmino in all the conditions of the Republic, which on having differed with the second level of attention existed 188,715 (6.8%) born pretérmino and the third level of attention (Medical Units of Alta Especialidad, UMAES) with 51,635 (13.7%) born pretérmino (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The strategies to approach the problem of the prematurez are the prevention of the childbirth and the care perinatal to diminish the mortality of the baby and to increase his quality of life for what it is necessary to reinforce the contraceptive Council in the teenagers, to spread the births, as well as the detection and treatment of the infections genitourinarias.