Psychosocial Correlates of Motivation for Abstinence Among People Who Used Drugs After Community Rehabilitation Treatment in China: A Structural Equation Modelling.

Background: Enhancing abstinence motivation of drugs is an effective strategy for the rehabilitation of people who used drugs and prevention of drug use relapse. However, little is known about its risk and protective factors. This study aimed to examine the potential intrapersonal (ie, impulsivity, depression, anxiety, sleep quality) and interpersonal factors (ie, perceived social support) of abstinence motivation among people who completed the community rehabilitation treatment. Methods: A total of 222 participants (mean age = 43; male = 89.2%) were recruited from eleven communities located in Wenzhou, China. Data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire in counselling room settings between April and June 2021. Results: The proportions of participants with depression, anxiety, and poor sleep quality were 38.8%, 19.5%, and 21.2%, respectively. Age and family history of physical disease were significant background factors of abstinence motivation. Impulsivity, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and poor quality of sleep were negatively associated with abstinence motivation. Perceived social support from family and important others was positively associated with abstinence motivation. Structural equation modeling fitted the data well in which impulsivity and perceived social support were both associated with abstinence motivation indirectly through mental health problems. Conclusion: The identified psychosocial factors should be addressed in community rehabilitation treatment and follow-up service to enhance abstinence motivation and the long-term effectiveness of the treatment.

Longitudinal relationships among perceived stress, suicidal ideation and sleep quality in Chinese undergraduates: A cross-lagged model.

BACKGROUND: Sleep quality is an important indicator of quality of life. It is of importance to investigate the risk factors and potential consequences of poor sleep quality, such as perceived stress and suicidal ideation. We therefore investigated the longitudinal and reciprocal relationships among perceived stress, suicidal ideation, and sleep quality. METHODS: A three-wave longitudinal survey was conducted from June 2019 to June 2020 at six-month intervals in undergraduate students (N = 197, 58.9% female) in China. The participants completed self-report questionnaires in classroom settings. RESULTS: While the levels of perceived stress were stable, levels of suicidal ideation and sleep quality fluctuated significantly over time. There were significant reciprocal relationships between perceived stress and suicidal ideation from T1 to T3. In addition, the reciprocal relationships between suicidal ideation and sleep quality from T1 to T2 were also significant. Suicidal ideation at T2 partially mediated the relationship between perceived stress at T1 and sleep quality at T3 (indirect effect: ß=0.06, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.10, p<0.001), and suicidal ideation at T2 fully mediated the relationship between sleep quality at T1 and perceived stress at T3 (indirect effect: ß=0.48, 95% CI: 0.30, 0.70, p<0.001). LIMITATIONS: The subjects' educational background is single, and the measurement method is self-report measures. CONCLUSIONS: Suicidal ideation may play a significant role in explaining the longitudinal relationships between perceived stress and sleep quality. And suggest the importance of early identification and treatment of suicidal ideation among Chinese undergraduates.