Dual role of PRDX1 in redox-regulation and tumorigenesis: Past and future.

Tumour cells often display an active metabolic profile, leading to the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species. As a member of the peroxidase family, peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) functions generally in protecting against cell damage caused by H2O2. Additionally, PRDX1 plays a role as a molecular chaperone in various malignant tumours, exhibiting either tumour-promoting or tumour-suppressing effects. Currently, PRDX1-targeting drugs have demonstrated in vitro anticancer effects, indicating the potential of PRDX1 as a molecular target. Here we discussed the diverse functions of PRDX1 in tumour biology and provided a comprehensive analysis of the therapeutic potential of targeting PRDX1 signalling across various types of cancer.

Targeting Adhesive Tumor Adventitia via Injectable Electrospun Short Fibers in Perfusion of Intraperitoneal Sporadic Tumors.

Intraperitoneal sporadic tumor is a common and complicated syndrome in cancers, causing a high rate of death, and people find that intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IPC) can treat intraperitoneal sporadic tumors better than intravenous chemotherapy and surgery. However, the effectiveness and side effects of IPC are controversial, and the operation process of IPC is complicated. Herein, the injectable paclitaxel-loaded (PTX-loaded) electrospun short fibers are constructed through a series process of electrospinning, homogenizing, crosslinking, and subsequent polydopamine coating and folate acid (FA) modification. The evenly dispersed short fibers exhibited effective tumor cell killing and good injectable ability, which is convenient to use and greatly improved the complex operation procedure. Mussel-like protein poly-dopamine coating and FA modification endowed short fibers with the ability of targeted adhesion to tumors, and therefore the short fibers further acted as a kind of micro membrane that could release drugs to tumors at close range, maintaining local high drug concentration and prevent paclitaxel killing normal tissues. Thus, the target-adhesive injectable electrospun short fibers are expected to be the potential candidate for cancer treatment, especially the intraperitoneal sporadic tumors, which are hard to treat by surgery or intravenous chemotherapy.

A novel nonsense mutation in the fumarate hydratase gene in a Chinese patient with recurrent leiomyomas.

Objective: To describe a novel nonsense mutation in the fumarate hydratase (FH) gene in a Chinese patient with recurrent multiple leiomyomas. Design: Case report. Setting: Medical school-affiliated tertiary hospital. Patients: A nulligravida patient aged 30 years with large uterine leiomyomas (ULMs) and severe anemia. Interventions: Clinical evaluation, abdominal myomectomy, targeted next-generation sequencing. Main outcome measures: Fumarate hydratase gene mutation in ULMs. Results: A novel nonsense mutation (c.771T>G) in the FH gene was identified in this patient. This mutation is located in exon 6, which encodes the N-terminal fumarate lyase domain. It leads to a predicted truncated protein with loss of the majority of the lyase domain, resulting in FH deficiency. Conclusions: Because of the recurrent multiple leiomyomas, this patient received 2 myomectomies within 5 years. On immunostaining the leiomyoma, FH deficiency was detected, and targeted next-generation sequencing revealed a novel mutation of the FH gene. This patient was at risk for early disease relapse and developing renal cancer, and close disease monitoring is recommended. Meanwhile, the expanded mutation database should benefit patients in diagnosing FH gene-associated ULMs.