[Fatty acid composition of cells and lipopolysaccliarides of Mannheimia haemolytica, Mannheimia glucosida and Bibersteinia trehalosi strains].

The Mannheimia haemolytica, Mannheimia glucosida and Bibersteinia trehalosi strains and the similar fatty acid composition of cells with domination of C(16:1) and C(16:0), which were in almost equal quantities, C(14:0 and C(18:1) + C(18:2). The fatty acid composition of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of the studied bacteria had no essential differences too. It was mainly represented by C(14:0) and 3-OH-C(14:0) which consisted of more than 80% of all LPS fatty acids. C(12:0), C(16:1) and C(16:0) were presented in LPS in small quantities. The M. haemolytica, M. glucosida and B. trehalosi strains did not differ essentially by fatty acid compositions of cells and LPS from earlier studied strains of genera Pasteurella (P. multocida), Haemophilus (H. influenzae and other species), Actinobacillus (A. pleuropneumoniae). This shows the close phylogenetic relationship of the mentioned bacteria and significance of investigated signs as chemotaxonomic markers for differentiation of taxons of the above genus level. The paper is presented in Russian.

[Cellular fatty acid composition of the Burkholderia mallei and Burkholderia pseudomallei strains as generic feature of Burkholderia].

The cellular fatty acid compositions of studied two strains of Burkholderia mallei and a strain of Burkholderia pseudomallei are represented by saturated and monounsaturated straight chain fatty acids with 14-18 carbon atoms, cyclopropane fatty acids C(17 inverted delta) and C(19 inverted delta), and hydroxy acids 3-OH-C14:0, 2-OH-C(16:0), and 3-OH-C(16:0). The strain variation of cyclopropane and unsaturated fatty acid levels was observed. The cellular fatty acid spectra of studied bacteria did not depend essentially on growth medium. The levels of cyclopropane fatty acids increased and those of unsaturated ones decreased with culture age, a tendency to increasing the levels of hydroxy fatty acids was observed too.

[Fatty-acid composition of cells and lipopolysaccharides in different Yersinia species under the conditions of growth at low temperature].

Y. pestis, Y. pseudotuberculosis, Y. enterocolitica, Y. frederiksenii, Y. intermedia, Y. kristensenii and Y. ruckeri grown at 4 degrees C were characterized by fatty acid composition with a high content of C16:1 and C18:1, as well as the proportion of saturated to nonsaturated fatty acids equal to, on the average, 2.0. In Yersinia lipopolysaccharides a relatively high level of C16:1 and C12:0 was observed with the prevalence of 3-OH-C14:0. In the fatty-acid spectra of both cells and lipopolysaccharides no essential difference was noted. Thus, during growth at low temperature differences, earlier detected in the studied Yersinia species grown at 37 degrees C and making it possible to divide 7 Yersinia species into 2 groupes, were completely leveled. These results confirmed the close phylogenetic relationship between the Yersinia species under study and were indicative of more pronounced biological community of Yersinia under the conditions of growth at low temperature.

Cellular and lipopolysaccharide fatty acid composition of the type strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Klebsiella nonpathogenic species.

The cellular and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) fatty acid compositions of the type strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, K. oxytoca, K. terrigena, K. planticola, and "K. trevisanii" were studied. The cellular fatty acids of klebsiellae were presented by straight-chain saturated and monounsaturated, cyclopropane, and hydroxy fatty acids. Hexadecanoic, methylenehexadecanoic, octadecenoic and hexadecenoic acids prevailed. The K. pneumoniae strain mainly differed from the strains of other species by two and more times lower level of dodecanoic acid in cells. Variations of cyclopropane and unsaturated fatty acid contents in cells were observed. LPS fatty acids profiles of klebsiellae mainly consisted of straight-chain saturated and hydroxy fatty acids with predominance of tetradecanoic and 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acids. LPS fatty acids profiles of K. oxytoca, K. terrigena, K. planticola, and "K. trevisanii" strains were very similar and differed from that of the K. pneumoniae strain by higher levels of dodecanoic acid (approximately 5-6 times) and absence of 2-hydroxytetradecanoic acid. The obtained data indicated more close relatedness of K. oxytoca, K. terrigena, and K. planticola and some their remoteness from K. pneumoniae.

[The composition of the cellular fatty acids in bacteria of the genera Yersinia and Francisella]. / Sostav kletochnykh zhirnykh kislot bakterii rodov Yersinia i Francisella.

The studied strains of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (5 st.), Y. enterocolitica (2 st.), Y. intermedia (1 st.), Y. frederiksenii (1 st.), Y. kristensenii (1 st.) and Y. ruckeri (1 st.) have similar fatty acid profiles of cells mainly represented by straight chain and cyclopropanic fatty acids with chain of 12 to 19 carbon atoms. Prevalence of C16:1, C16:0, C17v, in the spectrum and C18:1 under growth in meat-peptone broth are observed. Strains of Y. pseudotuberculosis as well as the already studied vaccine strain Y. pestis differ from yersiniae of other species by the lower level of dodecanoic acid. Bacteria of species Francisella tularensis (6 st.) are characterized by a wide range of straight-chain saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids with 10-26 carbon atoms. Yersiniae and francisellae preserve the proper fatty acid profiles under cultivation on various nutrient media and on the same medium (agarized medium with aminopeptide). Results obtained confirm close relationship of yersiniae of the studied species as well as phylogenetic remoteness and taxonomic isolation of yersiniae and francisellae.

[The cellular fatty acid composition of bacteria in the family Vibrionaceae]. / Sostav kletochnykh zhirnykh kislot bakterii semeistva Vibrionaceae.

It is shown that strains of Vibrio cholerae of serovar O1, biovar eltor, subtype Ogawa, museum strains V. cholerae of serovar O1 and NAG-vibrios (isolated from various sources: sea, river and sewage water, canal water and people) possess identical composition of cell fatty acids with prevailing hexadecenoic, hexadecanoic and octadecenoic acids. Being identical, fatty acid profiles of V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus, are close to that of V. cholerae differing from the latter mainly by the higher content of dodecanoic acid. Similarity of Aeromonas sp. and Vibrio strains in the fatty acid composition proves phylogenetic relation-ship of these bacteria. Fatty acid composition of Plesiomonas shigelloides cells characterized by the presence of methylenhexadecanoic acid as well as by similarity with Vibrio and Aeromonas by the content of most fatty acids confirms a supposition of R. R. Colwell on the intermediate status of genus Plesiomonas between the families Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae. Independent of the growth medium, the strains Vibrio. Aeromonas and Plesiomonas preserved a fatty-acid profile, inherent in them, with variations mainly in the content of fatty acids with the odd number of carbon atoms. Allowing for relative stability of fatty acid composition and its peculiarity in certain taxonomic groups of the studied bacteria, the above test may be used as additional objective criterion to identify the representatives of Vibrionaceae family.

[The cellular fatty acid composition of bacteria in the family Vibrionaceae]. / Sostav kletochnykh zhirnykh kislot bakterii semeistva Vibrionaceae.

Vibrio cholerae strains, serovar O1, biovar eltor, subtype Ogawa, isolated from different sources, V. cholerae classica and NAG vibrios have identical cell fatty acid composition with the prevalence of hexadecenoic, hexadecanoic and octadecenoic acids. V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus fatty acid profiles, being identical, are similar to V. cholerae profile, differing from it mainly by a higher content of dodecanoic acid. The similarity of the fatty acid profiles of Aeromonas sp. and Vibrio strains is indicative of their phylogenetic relationship. The fatty acid composition of Plesiomonas shigelloides characterized by the presence of methylenehexadecanoic acid and at the same time by its similarity to that of Vibrio and Aeromonas in the content of the majority of fatty acids, confirms the position on the intermediate status of the genus Plesiomonas between the families Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae.

Fatty acid composition of lipopolysaccharides of the strains of different species of Yersinia.

The fatty acid composition of lipopolysaccharides of the strains of Y. enterocolitica, Y. intermedia, Y. frederiksenii and Y. ruckeri studied during cultivation on meat-peptone agar is characterized by the predominance of 3-hydroxytetradecanoic and dodecanoic acids. Closely related to the mentioned bacteria is the strain of Y. kristensenii which is distinguished only by its higher level of hexadecanoic acid. The strains of Y. pseudotuberculosis and the vaccine strain of Y. pestis have a uniform fatty acid composition of lipopolysaccharides with predominance of 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid. Their relatively low level of dodecanoic acid conditions the characteristic fatty acid spectrum of lipopolysaccharides which differs from that of the above mentioned group of Yersinia. The peculiarities of the fatty acid composition of lipopolysaccharides of both groups of Yersinia are preserved during growth on meat-peptone broth, but the increase in the level of hexadecanoic acid balances the differences between Y. kristensenii, the other Y. enterocolitica-like bacteria and Y. ruckeri. The obtained results confirm close relationship of Y. pseudotuberculosis and Y. pestis, and also of Y. enterocolitica and Y. enterocolitica-like bacteria, showing propinquity of Y. ruckeri to the latter.