[COMPREHENSIVE PROPHYLAXIS OF EARLY THROMBOEMBOLISM AND HEMORRHAGE AFTER LARGE JOINT ENDOPROSTHETIC SURGERY].

We examined 160 patients treated by endoprosthetic surgery of hip, knee, shoulder and elbow joints. 80 patients received i/v injections of 250 mg tranexam 30 min before and 4 hr after surgery. 220 mg ofpradax was given within 10-12 hr after surgery and thereafter on a daily basis. Fraxiparin (0.3-0.4 ml) was administered subcutaneously to 80 control patients 12 hr before surgery and once daily in the postoperative period. The intra- andpostoperative blood volume loss, dynamics of hematological parameters, and frequency of thromboembolic complications were determined. A Cell-Trans system was used to drain the surgical wound in the patients of the study group with subsequent reinfusion of blood. In controls, the wound was drained using conventional polyvinyl chloride drains with active aspiration of the contents without reinfusion. It was shown that combined application of tranexam, pradax, and the Cell-Trans system with postoperative blood reinfusion allows to reduce blood losses by 40% at all stages of the study. The total blood loss was 585.4 ± 124.2 ml and 959.8 ± 178.3 ml in study and control groups respectively. The proposed approach provides an effective and safe tool for the prevention of thromboembolic complications and hemorrhage in the early postoperative period after large joint endoprosthetic surgery.

[Optimization of diagnosis and control of treatment of gastrointestinal paresis in the early postoperative period in extended peritonitis].

The results of treatment of patients, operated on for extended peritonitis in reactive and toxic phases, presenting with prominent gastrointestinal paresis, using the impulse stimulation of their peristalsis and early enteral nutrition under guidance of electrogastroenterography, are analyzed. The method is simple in application, it may be used in surgical and reanimation stationaries of any level, it has not the current restrictions and special contraindications.

[A comparative evaluation of the efficacy of immunocorrection in children with bronchial asthma living in ecologically contrasted regions]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka éffektivnosti immunokorrektsii u detei, bol'nykh bronkhial'noi astmoi, prozhivaiushchikh v ékologicheski kontrastnykh regionakh.

Overall 50 children suffering from infectious-allergic bronchial asthma who live in ecologically contrasting regions were examined. Those children residing in unfavourable, in terms of ecological conditions, regions demonstrated diminution of the peripheral blood T-lymphocytes together with a decrease in their functional activity as well as in the activity of interleukin 2. It is in this group of children that immunomodulating effect of thymalin is less apparent. It is suggested that the relevant immune correction in such cases might be achieved through repeated courses of treatment with immunomodulating agents and rehabilitation of patients in favourable ecological conditions together with prescribing of other immunostimulators of selective action in respect of the T-link of the immunity system.