[The differential algorithm for the prescription of the stabilizing training to the patients following replacement arthroplasty of the lower extremities]. / Algoritm differentsirovannogo naznacheniia stabilotreninga dlia patsientov posle éndoprotezirovaniia sustavov nizhnikh konechnostei.

BACKGROUND: The biological feedback-based stability (balance) training is used for the rehabilitation of the patients following replacement arthroplasty of the lower extremities with the purpose of restoration of their postural balance. AIM: The objective of the present study was to develop a differential algorithm for the prescription of the stability training to the patients after they had undergone the endoprosthetic replacement of the joints of the lower extremities. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 48 patients presenting with the following nosological forms: hip arthrosis with total replacement arthroplasty and gonarthrosis with total replacement arthroplasty. All the patients underwent the biofeedback-based stability training with the use of the dynamic balance Pro-Kin system ('Technobody', Italy) using the 'Skiing' No. 10 computer game during 20 minutes every day. The clinical and instrumental methods were employed for the purpose. RESULTS: The rehabilitation subgroups of the patients who had undergone the were distinguished for the first time based on the identification of the main risk factors. It was shown that the main factors having the most pronounced influence on the recovery of postural balance under the conditions of stability training with biological feedback include the age, the time after surgery, the results of evaluation using the Spielberger-Hanin anxiety scale and the Bek depression scale, the level of co-morbidity, the risk of falling estimated from the Morse-Fall scale, and the results of the digit-symbol test based on the Wegsler intelligence scale. CONCLUSION: The distinguishing between rehabilitation subgroups allowed to develop the differentiated algorithm for the prescription of the stability training with biological feedback for the purpose of restoration of the patients' postural balance following total replacement arthroplasty of the lower extremities.

[The prognostic factors of the effectiveness of the stability training in the patients presenting with musculoskeletal system diseases]. / Prognosticheskie faktory éffektivnosti stabilotreninga u patsientov s zabolevaniiami oporno-dvigatel'nogo apparata.

BACKGROUND: One of the main syndromes characteristic of the patients suffering from the diseases of the musculoskeletal system is postural instability. Stability training is a functional method for the restoration of postural balance in the patients presenting with the diseases of the musculoskeletal system. AIM: The objective of the present study was to determine the predictors of the effectiveness of stability training based on biological feedback in the patients with the diseases of the musculoskeletal system. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included a total of 128 patients (104 patients in the main group and 24 ones in the control group) with the following nosological forms: spinal spondylarthrosis, coxarthrosis, gonarthrosis. All the patients underwent a course of the standard rehabilitation treatment the basis of which was constituted by physical therapy. The patients of the main group additionally received stability training based on biological feedback for 10 to 20 minutes daily. RESULT: The prognostic factors of the effectiveness of biological feedback-based stability training in the patients with musculoskeletal system diseases were identified including the age, reactive and personal anxiety indicators using the Spielberger-Hanin anxiety scale, depression indicators based on the Beck depression scale, the indicators of functional independence and daily activity based on the Morse-Fall-Scale scale, visualization data, the results of duplex scanning of brachiocephalic arteries. These factors, in varying degrees, had an impact on the stabilometric parameters used for the purpose of stability training. CONCLUSION: The results of the study give evidence of the beneficial influence of the stability training based on biological feedback on the recovery of the postural functions in the patients presenting with the diseases of the musculoskeletal system.

[Rehabilitation of the patients presenting with the operated spine syndrome during the complicated postoperative period after discectomy].

This article presents an analytical review of the literature concerning the problem of rehabilitation of the patients following the surgical treatment of hernias of intervertebral disks. The relevance of this problem and the importance of the related research activities in the context of neurorehabilitation are beyond any doubt. Despite the obvious progress in the modernization of the methods and technologies for medical rehabilitation, the number of re-operations in connection with the recurrences of herniated discs remains too high and the overall success thus far achieved in this field falls short of expectations. The authors discuss in detail the need for and the contemporary approaches to the rehabilitative treatment of the patients undergoing vertebral microdiscectomy including medication therapy, physiotherapy an therapeutic physical exercises. The variants of the application of magnetic stimulation during the early period of the rehabilitative treatment of the patients following the minimally invasive interventions for discogenic radiculopathy are considered.

[Rehabilitation of the patients following the endoprosthetic replacement of the joints of the lower extremities].

The present article is the analytical review of the literature pertaining to the problem of rehabilitation of the patients following the endoprosthetic replacement of joints of the lower extremities. The relevance of the problem of interest for medical rehabilitation is beyond any doubt. The traditional methods for the rehabilitation of the patients do not always lead to the desired results. The authors discuss in detail the need for and the contemporary approaches to the rehabilitation of the patients who had undergone reconstructive surgery and arthroplasty of the joints of the lower extremities. The pathogenetically-based three-stage algorithm for medical rehabilitation is proposed.

Cleaning of conveyor belt materials using ultrasound in a thin layer of water.

Cleaning of conveyor belts in the food industry is imperative for preventing the buildup of microorganisms that can contaminate food. New technologies for decreasing water and energy consumption of cleaning systems are desired. Ultrasound can be used for cleaning a wide range of materials. Most commonly, baths containing fairly large amounts of water are used. One possibility to reduce water consumption is to use ultrasonic cavitation in a thin water film on a flat surface, like a conveyor belt. In order to test this possibility, a model system was set up, consisting of an ultrasound transducer/probe with a 70-mm-diameter flat bottom, operating at 19.8 kHz, and contaminated conveyor belt materials in the form of coupons covered with a thin layer of water or water with detergent. Ultrasound was then applied on the water surface at different power levels (from 46 to 260 W), exposure times (10 and 20 s), and distances (2 to 20 mm). The model was used to test two different belt materials with various contamination types, such as biofilms formed by bacteria in carbohydrate- or protein-fat-based soils, dried microorganisms (bacteria, yeasts, and mold spores), and allergens. Ultrasound treatment increased the reduction of bacteria and yeast by 1 to 2 log CFU under the most favorable conditions compared with water or water-detergent controls. The effect was dependent on the type of belt material, the power applied, the exposure time, and the distance between the probe and the belt coupon. Generally, dried microorganisms were more easily removed than biofilms. The effect on mold spores was variable and appeared to be species and material dependent. Spiked allergens were also efficiently removed by using ultrasound. The results in this study pave the way for new cleaning designs for flat conveyor belts, with possibilities for savings of water, detergent, and energy consumption.

Abrupt temporal fluctuations in the chicken fecal microbiota are explained by its gastrointestinal origin.

One of the main challenges in understanding the composition of fecal microbiota is that it can consist of microbial mixtures originating from different gastrointestinal (GI) segments. Here, we addressed this challenge for broiler chicken feces using a direct 16S rRNA gene-sequencing approach combined with multivariate statistical analyses. Broiler feces were chosen because of easy sampling and the importance for pathogen transmission to the human food chain. Feces were sampled daily for 16 days from chickens with and without a feed structure-induced stimulation of the gastric barrier function. Overall, we found four dominant microbial phylogroups in the feces. Two of the phylogroups were related to clostridia, one to lactobacilli, and one to Escherichia/Shigella. The relative composition of these phylogroups showed apparent stochastic temporal fluctuations in feces. Analyses of dissected chickens at the end of the experiment, however, showed that the two clostridial phylogroups were correlated to the microbiota in the cecum/colon and the small intestine, while the upper gut (crop and gizzard) microbiota was correlated to the lactobacillus phylogroup. In addition, chickens with a stimulated gizzard also showed less of the proximate GI dominating bacterial group in the feces, supporting the importance of the gastric barrier function. In conclusion, our results suggest that GI origin is a main determinant for the chicken fecal microbiota composition. This knowledge will be important for future understanding of factors affecting shedding of both harmful and beneficial gastrointestinal bacteria through feces.