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1.
Rev. esp. patol ; 52(1): 27-32, ene.-mar. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-182664

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La inmunocitoquímica es de gran utilidad para la diferenciación de lesiones benignas y malignas mediante la utilización de anticuerpos específicos que diferencian las células según su origen. Este estudio se realizó con el fin de describir la experiencia de la Fundación Valle del Lili en la aplicación de la inmunohistoquímica al estudio citológico de diferentes tipos de muestra. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo de las citologías registradas en la base de datos del departamento de patología de la Fundación Valle del Lili entre diciembre de 2015 y octubre de 2017. Resultados: Se analizaron 54 citologías a las que se efectuó estudio inmunocitoquímico. Se logró realizar tanto bloque celular como botón de citología en base líquida en el 38,88% (n=21) del total de muestras, encontrándose entre los resultados de ambos tipos de citología un coeficiente kappa de Cohen de 0,80 (IC95%: 0,46-1,0), p<0,001. Los marcadores más empleados fueron: Calretinina, MOC-31, EMA, TTF1, PAX8 y calcitonina. De las citologías positivas para malignidad, se realizó diagnóstico definitivo con biopsia al 58,1% (n=25), encontrándose una concordancia muy alta, con un coeficiente kappa de Cohen de 1,0 (IC95%: 1,0-1,0), p<0,001. Discusión: La información aportada por este estudio permite implementar la citología de botón en base líquida para la realización de inmunocitoquímica en los marcadores que fueron evaluables y en los que se encontró concordancia con respecto a la citología en bloque celular. Además, invita a continuar en la búsqueda de conocimiento aportando datos a futuros estudios en esta línea de investigación


Introduction: Immunocytochemistry is very useful in the differentiation of benign and malignant lesions, through the use of specific antibodies that differentiate the cells according to their origin. This study aims to describe the application of immunohistochemistry to the cytological study of different sample types at the Valle del Lili Foundation. Materials and methods: A descriptive, retrospective, observational study was carried out with cytologies registered in the database of the pathology department of the Fundación Valle del Lili, between December 2015 and October 2017. Results: Fifty-four cytological samples with immunocytochemistry were included. It was possible to perform both the cell block and the liquid-based cytology button to 38.88% (n=21) of the total samples, finding from the results of both types of cytology, a Cohen's Kappa coefficient of 0.80 (95%CI: (0.4-1.0), P<.001. The most commonly used markers were: Calretinin, MOC-31, EMA, TTF1, PAX8, and Calcitonin. Out of the cytological studies positive for malignancy, a definitive diagnosis was made with a biopsy in 58.1% (n=25), with a Cohen's Kappa coefficient of 1.0 (95%CI: 1.0-1.0), P<.001. Discussion: This study provided data that permits the implementation of liquid-based cytology button for immunocytochemical studies, using assessable markers with agreement with cell-block cytology. Furthermore, it provides data useful for future research in this field


Subject(s)
Humans , Immunohistochemistry/methods , Neoplasms/pathology , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Colombia/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Histological Techniques/statistics & numerical data , Reproducibility of Results
2.
Rev Esp Patol ; 52(1): 27-32, 2019.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30583828

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Immunocytochemistry is very useful in the differentiation of benign and malignant lesions, through the use of specific antibodies that differentiate the cells according to their origin. This study aims to describe the application of immunohistochemistry to the cytological study of different sample types at the Valle del Lili Foundation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive, retrospective, observational study was carried out with cytologies registered in the database of the pathology department of the Fundación Valle del Lili, between December 2015 and October 2017. RESULTS: Fifty-four cytological samples with immunocytochemistry were included. It was possible to perform both the cell block and the liquid-based cytology button to 38.88% (n=21) of the total samples, finding from the results of both types of cytology, a Cohen's Kappa coefficient of 0.80 (95%CI: (0.4-1.0), P<.001. The most commonly used markers were: Calretinin, MOC-31, EMA, TTF1, PAX8, and Calcitonin. Out of the cytological studies positive for malignancy, a definitive diagnosis was made with a biopsy in 58.1% (n=25), with a Cohen's Kappa coefficient of 1.0 (95%CI: 1.0-1.0), P<.001. DISCUSSION: This study provided data that permits the implementation of liquid-based cytology button for immunocytochemical studies, using assessable markers with agreement with cell-block cytology. Furthermore, it provides data useful for future research in this field.


Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Immunohistochemistry , Liquid Biopsy , Neoplasms/chemistry , Neoplasms/pathology , Antibodies, Monoclonal/analysis , Calbindin 2/analysis , Colombia , DNA-Binding Proteins/analysis , Hospitals, University , Humans , Membrane Proteins/analysis , PAX8 Transcription Factor/analysis , Retrospective Studies , Transcription Factors/analysis
3.
Seizure ; 56: 34-40, 2018 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29428899

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Lacosamide, is one of the newer antiepileptic drug approved for focal drug-resistant epilepsy as an add-on treatment in patients older than 16 years. However, there is growing evidence of its use, safety and efficacy in children. We aim to evaluate efficacy and tolerability of lacosamide in focal and generalized drug-resistant epilepsy and refractory status epilepticus in the pediatric population. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review on MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE, Google Scholar and Scielo from January 2008 to January 2017. The primary outcome was the efficacy of lacosamide in children with drug-resistant epilepsy and refractory status epilepticus. Efficacy and adverse events attributed to lacosamide were extracted from each publication and systematically reported. We performed no meta-analyses due to limited available data. RESULTS: Of 175 abstracts identified by the search, 82 were reviewed as full-text. Twenty-six articles fulfilled eligibility criteria and described outcomes in 797 patients (57% male). The majority of studies were retrospective (69%) small series (84%). On average 51% of patients had 50% or greater seizure reduction. The mean seizure freedom rate was 24%. Adverse effects occurred in 18-59% of patients. The main events were dizziness, sedation, gastrointestinal upset, mood and behavioral changes. Half of the patients with Lennox Gastaut syndrome showed 50% or greater seizure reduction, 32% did not response to lacosamide and 17% suffered seizure aggravation. CONCLUSION: Current evidence shows lacosamide as a good option in pediatric patients with focal drug-resistant epilepsy and refractory status epilepticus as an add-on therapy given its efficacy on seizure control and safety profile. The use of lacosamide in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome shows conflicting data. Large randomized controlled studies in the pediatric population are necessary to substantiate these findings.


Subject(s)
Acetamides/therapeutic use , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Drug Resistant Epilepsy/drug therapy , Status Epilepticus/drug therapy , Adolescent , Child , Humans , Lacosamide
4.
Acta neurol. colomb ; 31(2): 217-222, abr.-jun. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-949587

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: presentar la evidencia publicada hasta el momento acerca de la utilidad de la lacosamida en población pediátrica con epilepsia refractaria. Métodos: se realizaron búsquedas en las bases de datos electrónicas PubMed, Embase, Cochrane y Scielo, encontrando un total de 18 artículos que cumplieron los criterios de búsqueda. Hallazgos principales : lacosamida, uno de los fármacos anticonvulsivantes nuevos, ha sido aprobado como terapia adjunta en epilepsias de inicio focal y epilepsias refractarias en pacientes mayores de 16 años, pero existe creciente evidencia de su eficacia y seguridad en población pediátrica desde los 4 años. Los efectos adversos no difieren en gran medida de los demás anticonvulsivantes y su tasa de éxito es de aproximadamente el 8-40% de control total de crisis. Sin embargo, los estudios no tienen un seguimiento a largo plazo que demuestre que se mantiene este mismo control de crisis en el transcurso del tiempo. Adicionalmente, la lacosamida ofrece mejoría clínica independientemente del control de las crisis en cuanto al patrón motor y comportamental. Conclusiones: Los estudios muestran que la lacosamida es una opción segura indicada para la epilepsia de inicio focal y epilepsia refractaria en la población pediátrica como terapia adjunta, debido a su efectividad en el control de crisis, perfil de seguridad, baja tasa de efectos adversos e interacción con otros medicamentos; no obstante, se requieren estudios con mayor número de pacientes y con seguimientos más prolongados.


Objetive: to present the evidence published about the usefulness of lacosamide in pediatric patients with refractory epilepsy, in order to explain its use in this population. Methods: we conducted search in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library and Scielo and found 18 articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Findings: lacosamide, is one of the newer AED (Antiepileptic Drugs) approved for focal refractory and focal onset epilepsies as an add on treatment in patients older than 16 years. However there is growing evidence of its use, security and efficacy in pediatric population from 4 years and above. Adverse effects do not differ from others found in others AED with success seizure free rates between 8 and 40%. Studies revisited had major issues on long term following. In addition, lacosamide improves behavioral and motor skills in children despite seizure control. Conclusions: Studies shows lacosamide as a safe option in pediatric patients with focal onset and refractory epilepsies as an add on therapy given its seizure control, safety profile, low rate of adverse effects and interaction between others medications, however larger and long term studies are needed.


Subject(s)
Pediatrics , Safety , Treatment Outcome , Drug Resistant Epilepsy
5.
Acta neurol. colomb ; 30(2): 78-82, abr.-jun. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-724900

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Estimar los costos totales y los componentes del costo de la atención hospitalaria en una serie de pacientes con infarto cerebral agudo (ICA) de gran vaso tratados en el Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, comparando aquellos con y sin fibrilación auricular (FA). Materiales y métodos. Se recogió una muestra secuencial de pacientes mayores de 50 años entre diciembre de 2010 y marzo de 2013. Para un análisis separado, se realizó un pareamiento por edad y NIHSS de ingreso en proporción 1:1 de pacientes con y sin FA. A todos los pacientes se les registró: edad, sexo, NIHSS de ingreso y egreso, Rankin modificado, y puntaje de CHAD2S2 VASC. En cada paciente se cuantificó el uso de recursos intrahospitalarios así como el costo total de la atención durante el evento agudo, calculado en pesos colombianos. Resultados. Se recogió información de 166 pacientes (125 sin y 41 con FA). El costo total promedio de la atención fue de $8.635.419 (DE $12.929.905). Este valor fue de $10.341.065 (DE $15.130.716) para los pacientes con FA y $8.056.718 (DE $12.114.840) para los pacientes sin FA. Conclusiones. A pesar de un costo de tratamiento mayor en pacientes con FA, que son de mayor edad y tienen infartos cerebrales más severos, la diferencia no fue estadísticamente significativa cuando se ajustó por edad y por severidad del compromiso neurológico.


Objective. To estimate the total costs and resource use of hospital care in a series of patients with large vessel ischemic stroke treated at the Hospital Universitario San Ignacio. Material and methods. Prospective convenience sample of all patients 50 years of age or older admitted between December 2010 and March 2013 diagnosed with ischemic stroke. Patients with and without atrial fibrillation (AF) were compared. The following variables were measured: age, sex, admission and discharge NIHSS, modified Rankin, and CHA2DS2 VASC score. We also quantified inpatient resource use and total cost of care during the acute event. Results. We analyzed 166 patients, 125 without non-valvular AF and 41 with non-valvular AF. For a separate analysis, we matched patients with and without AF (37 per group) by age and initial NIHSS, in a 1:1 ratio. The average total cost of care in Colombian pesos (as of February 2012, 1 US$= COP$1,805) for all stroke patients was $8,635,419 (SD $12,929,905). This value was $10,341,065 (SD $15,130,716) for patients with AF and $8,056,718 (SD $12,114,840) for patients without AF. Conclusions. Despite higher treatment cost in patients with AF, these are older and severe strokes. The difference is reduced and does not reach statistical significance, when adjusted for age and stroke severity.

6.
Acta neurol. colomb ; 30(1): 16-21, ene.-mar. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-724884

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Describir el impacto del ataque cerebrovascular manejado con trombólisis IV, teniendo en cuenta la funcionalidad a corto y largo plazo de los pacientes y los costos para el sistema de salud. Material y Métodos. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de pacientes con ACV trombolizados con rtPA IV en el HUSI (Julio 2011 - Enero 2013) con una descripción de los aspectos demográficos, los factores de riesgo, e información del ataque, hospitalización y seguimiento telefónico a tres meses. Resultados. La edad de los 24 pacientes osciló entre 65 y 79 años, con 19 mujeres. El factor de riesgo más frecuente fue la hipertensión arterial (18/24) seguido de fibrilación auricular (7/24) y tabaquismo (6/24). El infarto de la segunda porción de la arteria cerebral media fue el diagnóstico más frecuente (12/24), siendo el ACV de origen cardioembólico la principal etiología (11/24). 3 meses después del egreso la mayoría de pacientes habían cambiado el Rankin modificado (mRS) entre 0 y 2. El promedio de hospitalización fue de 10.8 días en pisos, y en UCI de 4 días. El promedio de costos del tratamiento fue de 16.844.127 COP. Conclusiones. EXTRO pretende crear las estadísticas para el conocimiento clínico y epidemiológico del ataque cerebrovascular en Colombia, teniendo en cuenta el impacto en la calidad de vida a corto y largo plazo y los costos para el sistema de salud.


Objective. To describe the impact of stroke handled with IV thrombolysis, considering the patients' short and long-term functionality and costs for the health system. Materials and methods. We conducted a descriptive study of 24 patients with stroke thrombolysis with IV rtPA in HUSI (July 2011 - January 2013). It was a description of demographics, risk factors, information attack, hospitalization and three months telephone follow. Results. The age was between 65 and 79 years, with 19 females. Hypertension was the most common risk factor (18/24), followed by atrial fibrillation (7/24) and smoking (6/24). The stroke of the second portion of the middle cerebral artery was the most frequent (12/24), with the stroke of cardioembolic the main etiology (11/24). 3 months after discharged the most of patients had a modified Rankin score (mRs) between 0 and 2. The average hospital stay in general wards was 10.8 days in the ICU was 4 days. The average stay cost was 16.844.127 COP. Conclusions. EXTRO seeks to initiate the creation of statistics for clinical and epidemiological knowledge of stroke in the country, taking into account the impact on the quality of life of patients in the short and long term and the costs for the health system.

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