[At the limits of discipline]. / An den Grenzen der Disziplin.

According to Foucault, in medicine, the paradigm of discipline has outweighed the paradigm of sovereignty for over a hundred years now. It has become clear, however, that within the field of psychiatry, particularly in psychoanalytic and psychotherapeutic research, an interchangeable corpus of knowledge is not sufficient for the treatment of patients. Moreover, it is often the changing relationship between doctor and patient which seems to be crucial to the process and outcome of the treatment. Every treatment-relationship must be understood as a zone of transference. Psychoanalytic research on transference, its potential and pitfalls, therefore, has to be more integrated into the research of psychic disorders.

[The image of psychotherapies - a comparison between prospective therapists and laypersons]. / Das Bild der Psychotherapie(n) - ein Vergleich zwischen angehenden Psychotherapeuten und Laien.

OBJECTIVES: Considering the specific situation of psychotherapy in Austria with its wide range of different therapeutic methods which are accredited by law, we investigated their respective level of familiarity and the connotative associations of future therapists and of a sample group of the lay public regarding the different schools. METHODS: 175 persons (students of economics, students at the university clinic for psychoanalysis, and prospective psychotherapists) were interviewed concerning terms of familiarity and popularity of the therapeutic methods. Using the semantic differential we tried to operationalize the resonant connotative associations. RESULTS: There is insufficient information with regards to the existence of the various different schools on the side of the lay public. The connotations of the different groups are similar: independent of the level of familiarity, 4 different types of therapy can cluster-analytically be identified in relation to the 3 factors of the polarity profile (activity-potency-valence). CONCLUSIONS: More extensive information of the public concerning the different therapeutic possibilities is needed. Further the importance of considering subjective connotations in situations of referral and indication is discussed. Specific attention has been given to the situation of prospective psychotherapists.