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Peritoneal dialysis (PD) can improve the quality of life of patients with kidney disease and prolong survival. However, peritoneal fibrosis can often occur and lead to PD withdrawal. Therefore, it is imperative to better understand how to inhibit and slow down progression of peritoneal fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effect of Saikosaponin d (SSD), a monomer extracted from the plant Bupleurum, on peritoneal fibrosis and the contribution of TGFß1/BMP7/Gremlin1 pathway cross-talk in this process. To this aim, we used a model 5/6 nephrectomy and peritoneal fibrosis in rats. Rats were divided into four groups, namely a control group (saline administration); a model group (dialysate administration; group M); a SSD group (dialysate and SSD administration); and a positive drug group (dialysate and Benazepril Hydrochloride administration; group M + A). Histological analysis indicated that peritoneal fibrosis occurred in all groups. WB, ELISA, and PCR essays suggested that TGFß1 and Gremlin1 levels in group M were significantly higher than those in group C, whereas BMP7 expression was significantly lower. TGFß1, Gremlin1 and BMP7 levels were significantly lower in the group where SSD was administered than in the other groups. The expression of BMP7 in SSD group was significantly increased. In addition, levels of Smad1/5/8 as assessed by PCR, and levels of p-Smad1/5/8 expression as assessed by WB were also significantly higher in the SSD group than in the M group. Expression of vimentin and α-SMA, two important markers of fibrosis, was also significantly decreased. Our study suggests a role for the TGFß1/BMP7/Gremlin1/Smad pathway in peritoneal fibrosis with potential therapeutic implications. Finally, our results also suggest that the monomer SSD may be able to reverse peritoneal fibrosis via regulation of the TGFß1/BMP7/Gremlin1/Smad pathway.
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A kind of adjustable external fixation device for lower extremity is designed. The circuit is mainly composed of TEC1-00703 semiconductor refrigeration chip, HZC-30A pressure sensor, STC89C52RC single chip microcomputer and other electrical components. It can realize the timing intelligent temperature control and meet the local fixed-point refrigeration. The design of adjustable structure and the application of intelligent air cushion can satisfy the full fixation of lower limbs of different individuals. Its operation does not need much medical knowledge. It can solve the problem of emergency transportation and follow-up treatment of lower limb injury in ice and snow sports. It has a good application prospect and universality.
Subject(s)
Humans , External Fixators , Fracture Fixation , Lower Extremity , Refrigeration , SemiconductorsABSTRACT
Objective To observe the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) and to investigate the epigenetic regulation of EZH2 inhibitor DZNeP on osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs. Methods The hPDLSCs were isolated and cultured, and their proliferation under different concentrations of DZNeP (0, 1, 2, 5 and 10 μmol/L) was detected by MTT. The effects of DZNeP on osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs were observed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and alizarin red staining. The effect of DZNeP on the trimethylation of histone H3K27 in hPDLSCs was detected by immunofluorescence staining. Results Compared with the control group, the proliferation of hPDLSCs after 1, 2, 5 and 10 μmol/L DZNeP treatment for 48 h was significantly decreased, respectively (all P<0.05), and it was concentration-dependent. The result of ALP staining and alizarin red staining showed that DZNeP could promote the expression of early osteogenic markers ALP and the formation of advanced calcified nodules of hPDLSCs. The immunofluorescence staining result showed that the trimethylation fluorescence intensity of histone H3K27 was significantly decreased in the DZNeP group compared with the control group. Conclusions As an EZH2 inhibitor, DZNeP can inhibit the proliferation of hPDLSCs and promote the differentiation of hPDLSCs into osteoblasts in vitro, suggesting that DZNeP can be used as a potential small molecule drug for the treatment of periodontitis.
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Scar formation is the abnormal healing process of skin after being damaged. The mechanism of scar formation is not clear, and many studies have shown that it is affected by many factors. Based on the over deposition of collagen in scars, many researchers have carried out studies on the mechanism, pathological manifestation, and treatment method of scars. In the treatment aspect of scar, the combination of traditional and new treatment methods has been well accepted and achieved good results. To understand the new advances of scar research and combine it with clinical treatment transformation could lead to the development of more effective prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for scar treatment in the future.
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Objective To estimate the incidence and risk factors of cardiac complications in patients with osteoporotic hip fractures.Methods A retrospective case series study was conducted on the clinical data obtained from 30％ of the randomized sample population of Tianjin Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance database (2009-2014).Patients who had ≥ 1 diagnoses of hip fracture between 2010 and 2013,aged ≥50 years,and were continuously enrolled from 12 months before (baseline period) to 12 months after (follow-up period) the first osteoporotic hip fracture diagnosis were included in this study.The incidences of cardiac complications were estimated at 3,6,9 and 12 months after the fractures,and incidences of cardiac complications which occurred 12 months before and after the fracture were compared.Multiple factors cox proportional hazards regression was used to identify the risk factors of cardiac complications after osteoporotic hip fractures.Results A total of 2 353 osteoporotic hip fracture patients were included [age:(71.4 ± 10.3)years;female:58.4％].After hip fracture,the accumulated 12-month incidence of arrhythmia (23.2％ vs.9.7 ％,OR =2.39,95 ％ CI 2.11 2.72,P ＜ 0.01),angina (16.0％ vs.7.9％,OR =2.03,95％CI 1.75 2.35,P＜0.01),heart failure (5.9％ vs.2.7％,OR =2.19,95％ CI 1.68 2.85,P ＜0.01) and myocardial infarction (3.2％ vs.2.0％,OR =1.63,95％ CI 1.19 2.23,P ＜ 0.01) were significantly higher than those before fracture,and these complications mostly occurred within 3 months after osteoporotic hip fracture.Patients aged older (OR =1.01,95％ CI 1.00 1.02,P ＜0.01) with the history of hypertension (OR =1.40,95％ CI 1.14 1.73,P ＜0.01),coronary heart disease (OR =1.25,95％ CI 1.01 1.53,P ＜ 0.05),hyperlipidemia (OR =1.20,95％CI 1.02 1.42,P＜0.05),chronic pulmonary diseases (OR =1.18,95％CI 1.01 1.38,P ＜0.05),congestive heart failure (OR =1.70,95％ CI 1.16 2.50,P ＜0.01),arrhythmia (OR =1.88,95％ CI 1.54 2.29,P ＜ 0.01),or renal disease (OR =1.35,95％ CI 1.07 1.69,P ＜ 0.05) were at higher risk of cardiac complications.Conclusions The incidence of cardiac complications is significantly increased after osteoporotic hip fractures.Age and disease history at baseline are correlated with the risk factors.
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Objective@#In order to achieve superior aesthetic outcomes of reconstructed ear, analyze and summarize clinical therapeutic effect in completely applying expanded retroauricular flap to encapsulate cartilage scaffold in total auricular reconstruction.@*Methods@#From January 2016 to October 2017, fifty-three congenital microtia patients were treated. A kidney-shaped tissue expander with 50 ml capacity was embedded under retroauricular skin in the first-stage. After excessive expansion to 70 ml and remaining stable for 4 weeks, secondary operation was performed to completely encapsulate cartilage scaffold with expanded retroauricular skin. Postoperative follow-up was carried out on a routine basis.@*Results@#All patients had undergone operations successfully with primary healing of incision. Blood supply of the retroauricular flaps was excellent, and cartilage scaffolds totally survived with no infection and absorption. Satisfactory aesthetic outcome along with clear structure, reasonable symmetry and suitable auriculocephalic angle was acquired in all cases. No color aberration was observed between the front and back side of reconstructed ear. Scars of retroauricular incisions and costal cartilage harvesting incisions were unconspicuous.@*Conclusions@#Only using expansive retroauricular flap to fully cover reconstructed cartilage scaffold is reasonable and simple without skin grafting, which is worthy of more application in microtia treatment.
