Correction: Ruiz, E. et al. Emerging Interaction Patterns in the Emiliania Huxleyi-EhV System. Viruses 2016, 9, 61.

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Emerging Interaction Patterns in the Emiliania huxleyi-EhV System.

Viruses are thought to be fundamental in driving microbial diversity in the oceanic planktonic realm. That role and associated emerging infection patterns remain particularly elusive for eukaryotic phytoplankton and their viruses. Here we used a vast number of strains from the model system Emiliania huxleyi/Emiliania huxleyi Virus to quantify parameters such as growth rate (µ), resistance (R), and viral production (Vp) capacities. Algal and viral abundances were monitored by flow cytometry during 72-h incubation experiments. The results pointed out higher viral production capacity in generalist EhV strains, and the virus-host infection network showed a strong co-evolution pattern between E. huxleyi and EhV populations. The existence of a trade-off between resistance and growth capacities was not confirmed.

Micromonas versus virus: New experimental insights challenge viral impact.

Viruses have recurrently been hypothesized as instrumental in driving microbial population diversity. Nonetheless, viral mediated co-existence of r/k-strategists, predicted in the Killing-the-Winner (KtW) hypothesis, remains controversial and demands empirical evidence. Therefore, we measured the life strategy parameters that characterize the relevant system Micromonas-Micromonas Virus (MicV). A large number of host and viral strains (37 and 17, respectively) were used in a total of 629 cross-infectivity tests. Algal and viral abundances were monitored by flow cytometry and used to calculate values of growth rate, resistance capacity, and viral production. Two main assumptions of the KtW model, namely (1) a resistance-associated cost on growth and (2) a negative correlation between resistance and viral production capacity, were mildly observed and lacked statistical significance. Micromonas strains infected by more MicV strains presented higher lysis and viral production rates as the number of infectious virus strains increased, suggesting a 'one-gate' regulation of infection in this system. MicV strains demonstrated a vast range of virion production capacity, which unexpectedly grew with increasing host-range. Overall, the significant trends observed in here demonstrate strong co-interactions at different levels between Micromonas and MicV populations, however, the role of viruses as major driving force in phytoplankton fitness wasn't explicitly observed.

Aciduria glutárica tipo I / Glutaric aciduria, type I

La aciduria glutárica tipo I se produce por deficiencia de la enzima glutaril-CoA deshidrogenasa involucrada en el catabolismo de la L-lisina, L-hidroxilisina y L-triptófano lo que ocasiona acumulación de los ácidos glutárico y 3 hidroxiglutárico responsables del compromiso neurológico severo característico de esta enfermedad. La sospecha y diagnóstico de las enfermedades metabólicas constituyen un reto para el personal de salud dada su baja incidencia. En el caso de la aciduria glutárica tipo I se trata de una enfermedad para la cual se poseen los recursos técnicos para el diagnóstico y tratamiento nutricional, su instauración previa a la aparición de encefalopatía aguda, que ocasionan daños irreversibles en el sistema nervioso central, mejora el pronóstico y disminuye el grado de discapacidad. En esta publicación se reportan 5 casos con diagnóstico clínico y bioquímico de aciduria glutárica tipo I que ilustran el espectro clínico y el proceso diagnóstico y de tratamiento en el medio colombiano. Los pacientes se encuentran en seguimiento por los servicios de Neuropediatría.

Glutaric aciduria type i is a disorder resulting trom the deficiency ot the glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase, enzyme involved in the catabolism ot L-lysine, L-hydroxy-lysine y L-tryptophan causing the accumulation ot its derivatives glutaric acid and 3-hydroxy-glutaric acid which are responsible tor the severe neurological involvement observed in this disease. The diagnosis ot metabolic disorders represents a challenge tor health-care services given its low incidence. Glutaric aciduria type I is a disease tor which there are available technical resources tor diagnosis as well as the nutritional therapy that when set prior to acute encephalopathy, who results in irreversible damage ot central nervous system, can improve the prognosis and decrease the disability ot patients. This publication report 5 cases with clinical and biochemical diagnosis ot glutaric aciduria type i that show the clinical spectrum the diagnostic and treatment approach ot this pathology in Colombia. All the patients are being followed by neuropediatrics services.

Estrongiloidiasis fatal en paciente inmunodeprimido pos-transplante renal / Fatal strongyloidiasis in immunodepressed patient after kidney transplantation

Se describe en el presente trabajo, un caso de estrongilodiasis fatal, en un paciente inmunodeprimido pos-trasplante renal. Se analizan los mecanismos fisiopatologicos en la enfermedad, destacandose la gravedad del sindrome de "hiperinfeccion". Se resalta el valor diagnostico de la endoscopia con toma biopsia duodenal.