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1.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses ; 28(8): 956-60, 2012 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22059433

ABSTRACT

Knowledge of the genetic diversity of HIV-1 constitutes a fundamental premise in the epidemiological surveillance. In the present study, the HIV-1 genetic variability from 142 Cuban patients who were diagnosed with HIV-1 infection during 2009 and 2010 was determined. HIV-1 subtypes were determined by partial RT-PCR and sequencing of the HIV-1 pol gene. The phylogenetic analysis showed that 47 (33.1 %) samples were subtypes B and 95 (66.9 %) were non-B subtypes, where G, H, and C subtypes, as well as the recombinant forms CRF19_cpx, CRF18_cpx, and CRFs BG, were included. The circulation of CRF05_DF was detected for the first time in Cuba. The analyses of recombinants showed the presence of recombinant CRF18_cpx/CRF19_cpx. The study confirms the high genetic diversity of HIV-1 and the circulation of new genetic variants in the studied population, which indicates the importance of maintaining constant epidemiological surveillance in Cuba.


Subject(s)
Genetic Variation , HIV Infections/virology , HIV-1/genetics , Adult , Cuba , Female , HIV-1/classification , Humans , Male , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny
2.
Bol. Asoc. Méd. P. R ; Bol. Asoc. Méd. P. R;82(1): 8-17, ene. 1990. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-82779

ABSTRACT

Los macrólidos, lincosaminas, tetraciclinas y cloramfenicol son antibióticos no relacionamento estructuralmente que comparten como mecanismo de acción la inhibición de la síntesis de proteínas. A pesar de sus diferencias individuales, se pueden clasificar como agentes de amplio espectro con uso en el manejo de una gran variedad de infecciones. A consecuencia de la similitud entre estos compuestos en cuanto a mecanismos de acción, el uso concurrente o en secuencia de los mismos debe ejercer-se con cautela. Dicha práctica podría resultar en antagonismo entre los agentes o en la inducción de resistencia bacteriana. Es importante, por tanto, entender la función de estos antibióticos y la interacciones potenciales que existen entre ellos. Se discuten las indicaciones, interacciones, mecanismos de acción, efectos adversos y contraindicaciones


Subject(s)
Chloramphenicol/therapeutic use , Clindamycin/therapeutic use , Erythromycin/therapeutic use , Lincomycin/therapeutic use , Tetracyclines/therapeutic use , Chloramphenicol/adverse effects , Chloramphenicol/pharmacokinetics , Chloramphenicol/pharmacology , Clindamycin/adverse effects , Clindamycin/pharmacokinetics , Clindamycin/pharmacology , Drug Interactions , Erythromycin/adverse effects , Erythromycin/pharmacokinetics , Erythromycin/pharmacology , Lincomycin/pharmacokinetics , Tetracyclines/adverse effects , Tetracyclines/pharmacokinetics , Tetracyclines/pharmacology
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