Angiosarcoma pulmonar primario, una patología infrecuente / Primary pulmonary angiosarcoma, a rare pathology

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Hipertransaminasemia persistente en el adulto: una situación frecuente como presentación de la enfermedad de Wilson / Persistent elevated transaminases in the adult: a common situation like the presentation of Wilson's disease

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Carcinoma epidermoide cutáneo con destrucción de calota craneal y exposición cerebral / Extensive cutaneous epidermoid carcinoma with brain exposure

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[Prevalence of potentially inappropriate medication in hospitalized elderly patients by using explicit criteria]. / Prevalencia de medicación potencialmente inapropiada en pacientes ancianos hospitalizados utilizando criterios explícitos.

INTRODUCTION: Potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) prescribing in older adults is quite prevalent and is associated with an increased risk for adverse drug events, morbidity, and utilization of health care resources. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and type of PIM in polypharmacy elderly patients on admission and discharge and the factors associated with their prescription. Just as the applicability of various explicit criteria selected from the literature and adapted to our area. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study for 12 months (March 2010-February 2011) on 179 polypharmacy elderly patients admitted to an Internal Medicine Department. We created a list of 50 PIM using a Delphi approach based on previous published criteria (Beers, Stopp, BMC and Priscus). Through patient interviews, review of medical records and discharge reconciliation report, we identified the prevalence of PIM in the patients. We also analyzed the relationship between different factors and the prescription of PIM. RESULTS: The prevalence of patients with PIM on admission and discharge were 71% and 48%, respectively. Out of the 50 selected PIM, 27 and 26 were detected on admission and discharge, respectively (55.5% and 57.69% included on STOPP criteria). We detected two factors associated with PIM prescription at discharge: severe-total dependence (OR = 1.8) and prescription of more than 11 drugs (OR = 2). CONCLUSIONS: PIM prevalence in our population is very high (70%), especially at hospital admission. These findings support the need for measures aimed at improving the quality of prescriptions, especially on dependent patients with polypharmacy.

INTRODUCCIÓN: En personas mayores la prescripción de medicamentos potencialmente inapropiados (PIM) es muy elevada y se asocia con mayor riesgo de eventos adversos, morbilidad y utilización de recursos sanitarios. El objetivo del presente estudio es conocer la prevalencia y tipo de PIM en pacientes ancianos polimedicados al ingreso y alta hospitalaria, los factores asociados a su prescripción y la aplicabilidad de distintos criterios explícitos seleccionados de la bibliografía y adaptados a nuestro ámbito. MÉTODO: Se realiza estudio observacional transversal durante 12 meses (marzo 2010-febrero 2011), sobre 179 pacientes ancianos polimedicados, ingresados en un servicio de Medicina Interna. Como herramienta para detectar la prescripción inadecuada se seleccionaron 50 PIM a partir de la bibliografía (criterios Beers, Stopp, BMC y Priscus) utilizando una técnica Delphi. A través de entrevista con el paciente, revisión de historias clínicas e informe de conciliación se identificaron los PIM previamente seleccionados. Posteriormente se analizó la relación entre distintos factores y la prescripción de PIM. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de pacientes con PIM al ingreso fue de 71% y al alta de 48%. De 50 PIM seleccionados, sólo se detectaron 27 y 26 tipos (55,5% y 57,69% criterios STOPP) al ingreso y al alta respectivamente. Los factores asociados a la prescripción de PIM al alta fueron: dependencia severa-total (OR = 1,8; IC 95% 1,0-3,4) y nº de medicamentos mayor de 11 (OR = 2; IC 95% 1,1-3,7). CONCLUSIONES: La prevalencia de PIM en nuestra población es muy elevada (70%) especialmente al ingreso hospitalario, estos resultados apoyan la necesidad de adoptar medidas enfocadas a mejorar la calidad de la prescripción prioritariamente en pacientes dependientes y polimedicados.

Prevalencia de medicación potencialmente inapropiada en pacientes ancianos hospitalizados utilizando criterios explícitos / Prevalence of potentially inappropriate medication in hospitalized elderly patients by using explicit criteria

Introducción: En personas mayores la prescripción de medicamentos potencialmente inapropiados (PIM) es muy elevada y sea socia con mayor riesgo de eventos adversos, morbilidad y utilización de recursos sanitarios. El objetivo del presente estudio es conocer la prevalencia y tipo de PIM en pacientes ancianos polimedicados al ingreso y alta hospitalaria, los factores asociados a su prescripción y la aplicabilidad de distintos criterios explícitos seleccionados de la bibliografía y adaptados a nuestro ámbito. Método: Se realiza estudio observacional transversal durante 12 meses (marzo 2010-febrero 2011), sobre 179 pacientes ancianos polimedicados, ingresados en un servicio de Medicina Interna. Como herramienta para detectar la prescripción inadecuada se seleccionaron 50 PIM a partir de la bibliografía (criterios Beers, Stopp, BMC y Priscus) utilizando una técnica Delphi. A través de entrevista con el paciente, revisión de historias clínicas e informe de conciliación se identificaron los PIM previamente seleccionados. Posteriormente se analizó la relación entre distintos factores y la prescripción de PIM. Resultados: La prevalencia de pacientes con PIM al ingreso fue de 71% y al alta de 48%. De 50 PIM seleccionados, sólo se detectaron 27 y 26 tipos (55,5% y 57,69% criterios STOPP) al ingreso y al alta respectivamente. Los factores asociados a la prescripción de PIM al alta fueron: dependencia severa-total (OR = 1,8; IC 95% 1,0-3,4) y nº de medicamentos mayor de 11 (OR = 2; IC 95% 1,1-3,7). Conclusiones: La prevalencia de PIM en nuestra población es muy elevada (70%) especialmente al ingreso hospitalario, estos resultados apoyan la necesidad de adoptar medidas enfocadas a mejorar la calidad de la prescripción prioritariamente en pacientes dependientes y polimedicados (AU)

Introduction: Potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) prescribing in older adults is quite prevalent and is associated with an increased risk for adverse drug events, morbidity, and utilization of health care resources. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and type of PIM in polypharmacy elderly patients on admission and discharge and the factors associated with their prescription. Just as the applicability of various explicit criteria selected from the literature and adapted to our area. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study for 12 months(March 2010-February 2011) on 179 polypharmacy elderly patients admitted to an Internal Medicine Department. We created a list of 50 PIM using a Delphi approach based on previous published criteria (Beers, Stopp, BMC and Priscus). Through patient interviews, review of medical records and discharge reconciliation report, we identified the prevalence of PIM in the patients. We also analyzed the relationship between different factors and the prescription of PIM. Results: The prevalence of patients with PIM on admission and discharge were 71% and 48%, respectively. Out of the 50selected PIM, 27 and 26 were detected on admission and discharge, respectively (55.5% and 57.69% included on STOPP criteria). We detected two factors associated with PIM prescription at discharge: severe-total dependence (OR = 1.8) and prescription of more than 11 drugs (OR = 2). Conclusions: PIM prevalence in our population is very high(70%), especially at hospital admission. These findings support the need for measures aimed at improving the quality of prescriptions, especially on dependent patients with polypharmacy (AU)

Síndrome constitucional como presentación de meningioma pontocerebeloso / Constitutional syndrome as a presentation of a cerebellopontine meningioma

Los meningiomas son tumoraciones eminentemente benignas procedentes de las meninges, correspondiendo al 15-25% de las tumoraciones intracraneales en el adulto, cuya expresividad clínica viene representada por la compresión de estructuras vecinas quedando representada predominantemente por cefalea, alteraciones del comportamiento, y déficit neurológicos. Presentamos un caso donde el cuadro constitucional constituye la primera y principal manifestación de un meningioma intracraneal pontocerebeloso (AU)

Meningiomas are basically benign tumours arising in the meninges and account for 15-25% of intracranial tumours in adults. It is clinically signs are due to compression of the neighbouring structures, with the main symptoms being migraine, behavioural changes, and neurological deficits. We present a case where constitutional syndrome was the first and principal manifestation of an intracranial cerebellopontine meningioma (AU)

[Constitutional syndrome as a presentation of a cerebellopontine meningioma]. / Síndrome constitucional como presentación de meningioma pontocerebeloso.

Meningiomas are basically benign tumours arising in the meninges and account for 15-25% of intracranial tumours in adults. It is clinically signs are due to compression of the neighbouring structures, with the main symptoms being migraine, behavioural changes, and neurological deficits. We present a case where constitutional syndrome was the first and principal manifestation of an intracranial cerebellopontine meningioma.

[Persistent fever syndrome secondary to brain abscesses: a rare complication of the meningococcemia]. / Síndrome febril persistente secundario a abscesos cerebrales: una rara complicación de la meningococemia.

Meningococcal disease is caused by hematogenous spreading of Neisseria meningitidis. Meningococcal sepsis occurs in around 20% of cases of meningococcal disease, meningitis in 50% and, to a lesser extent, other conditions such as pneumonia, arthritis, urethritis, conjunctivitis or pericarditis. Brain abscesses are a rare complication.

[Thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis. A case report]. / Parálisis periódica hipopotasémica tirotóxica: a propósito de un caso.

Thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis is an uncommon complication of thyrotoxicosis, characterized by attacks of generalized muscular weakness associated with hypokalemia in patients with hyperthyroidism, most frequently with Graves-Basedow disease. Treatment with antithyroid drugs and potassium supplements reversed the symptoms and the episodes of acute muscular weakness did not reappear.

Parálisis periódica hipopotasémica tirotóxica: a propósito de un caso / Thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis. A case report

La parálisis periódica hipopotasémica tirotóxica (PPT) es una rara complicación de la tirotoxicosis caracterizada por la aparición de episodios de debilidad muscular asociados a hipopotasemia en pacientes con hipertiroidismo, más frecuentemente con enfermedad de Graves-Basedow. El tratamiento con antitiroideos y suplementos de potasio revierte la sintomatología de debilidad muscular y evita la reaparición de estos síntomas (AU)

Thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis is an uncommon complication of thyrotoxicosis, characterized by attacks of generalized muscular weakness associated with hypokalemia in patients with hyperthyroidism, most frequently with Graves-Basedow disease. Treatment with antithyroid drugs and potassium supplements reversed the symptoms and the episodes of acute muscular weakness did not reappear (AU)

Ptosis palpebral: manifestación ocular inusual de la enfermedad de Crohn / Palpebral ptosis, a rare ocular manifestation of Crohn's disease

Caso clínico: Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 18 años con un cuadro de diarrea, dolor abdominal y ptosis palpebral izquierda. La resonancia nuclear magnética cerebral (RMN) y el estudio del líquido cefalorraquídeo fueron normales. La colonoscopia estableció el diagnóstico de enfermedad de Crohn (EC) confirmándose en el estudio histopatológico. La afectación ocular mejoró tras el adecuado tratamiento de la EC. Discusión: La enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII) se asocia a una amplia variedad de manifestaciones extraintestinales, de hecho puede ser considerada como una enfermedad sistémica que afecta predominantemente al tracto gastrointestinal. Las manifestaciones extraintestinales acontecen hasta en una tercera parte de los pacientes afectos de EII. Las complicaciones oculares son infrecuentes, afectando a menos del 10% de los casos, pero en ocasiones comportan una significativa morbilidad, incluyendo la ceguera. La sintomatología ocular puede preceder al diagnóstico de EII. Informamos el primer caso de ptosis palpebral asociado a EC (AU)

Clinical case: An 18 year-old-woman presented with abdominal pain, diarrhea, and ptosis in her left eye. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI) and the study of cerebrospinal fluid detected no abnormalities. Colonoscopy revealed a Crohn's disease (CD) confirmed by histological examination of biopsies. Ocular symptoms improved after appropriate treatment of the underlying CD. Discussion: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with a wide variety of extra-intestinal manifestations, in fact it may be considered a systemic disorder with predominantly gastrointestinal tract manifestations. Extra-intestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) occur in one third of patients. Ocular complications are infrequent, occurring in less than 10% of cases, but can be associated with significant morbidity, including blindness. Ocular symptoms may precede a diagnosis of IBD. We report the first case of palpebral ptosis associated with Crohn's disease (AU)

[Palpebral ptosis, a rare ocular manifestation of Crohn's disease]. / Ptosis palpebral: manifestación ocular inusual de la enfermedad de Crohn.

CLINICAL CASE: An 18 year-old-woman presented with abdominal pain, diarrhea, and ptosis in her left eye. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI) and the study of cerebrospinal fluid detected no abnormalities. Colonoscopy revealed a Crohn's disease (CD) confirmed by histological examination of biopsies. Ocular symptoms improved after appropriate treatment of the underlying CD. DISCUSSION: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with a wide variety of extra-intestinal manifestations, in fact it may be considered a systemic disorder with predominantly gastrointestinal tract manifestations. Extra-intestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) occur in one third of patients. Ocular complications are infrequent, occurring in less than 10% of cases, but can be associated with significant morbidity, including blindness. Ocular symptoms may precede a diagnosis of IBD. We report the first case of palpebral ptosis associated with Crohn's disease.

Pancreatitis aguda asociada a infección por el virus de Epstein-Barr / Acute pancreatitis associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection

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Prevalence of thoracic vertebral fractures in Spanish patients hospitalized in Internal Medicine Departments. Assessment of the clinical inertia. (PREFRAMI study).

PURPOSE: To study the prevalence of vertebral fractures (VF), the associated risk factors and the degree of diagnosis and prescription upon discharge in a series of hospitalized medical patients ≥50 years of age. METHODS: A cross-sectional, multicentre and observational study in which a prevalence cut-off was carried out concerning patients admitted to six Internal Medicine departments in Malaga (Spain). The main variables were the existence of a fracture in the spine lateral x-ray, the inclusion of the diagnosis of a fracture in the discharge report, and the establishment of anti-osteoporotic treatment at discharge. RESULTS: 254 patients were included (mean age 66.4±14.9 years). The prevalence of VF was of 14.2% (36 cases). Patients with VF presented with a higher mean age, compared to those without VF (70.14 vs. 65.7 years) (p=0.035). The means contrast for the FRAX index variable (major osteoporotic and hip fracture), grouping according to the presence of VF, did not show any statistical significance (p=0.369 and p=0.788, respectively). Only in 8.3% of the discharge reports of patients with VF had the diagnosis of VF and/or osteoporosis been recorded and the prescription of anti-osteoporotic drugs been included. CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of asymptomatic VF is verified in medical inpatients ≥50 years of age. The FRAX index did not turn out to be predictive of the presence of VF in this population. There is an underdiagnosis of osteoporotic VF in the coding at hospital discharge. Action protocols are necessary to avoid clinical inactivity regarding this entity.

Metástasis pulmonares benignas de leiomioma uterino en mujer postmenopaúsica y anexectomizada / Bening pulmonary metastasis of uterine leiomyomas in postmenopausal and adnexectomized women

Las metástasis del leiomioma es una situación clínica excepcional, que habitualmente ocurre en mujeres, en el periodo (..) (AU)

Bening metastasizing leiomyoma is a rare condition that habitually affects (..) (AU)

Varón joven con fiebre, poliartralgias, adenopatias hiliares y lesiones cutáneas / Young male with fever, arthralgias and cutaneous lesions

El síndrome de Löfgren es una forma frecuente de presentación subaguda de la sarcoidosis que se caracteriza por la asociación (..) (AU)

Löfgren's Syndrome is a frequent form of subacute presentation of sarcoidosis that is characterised by the association (..) (AU)