ABSTRACT
Introducción: La recomendación de la vacunación frente a la tosferina en embarazadas se instauró en Cataluña en febrero del 2014. El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar la tasa de hospitalización por tosferina en niños menores de un año de edad antes y después de la implantación del programa de vacunación. Métodos: Estudio observacional y retrospectivo de pacientes menores de un año ingresados con diagnóstico de tosferina. Se comparó la tasa de hospitalización del periodo previo al programa de vacunación (2008-2013) con la del periodo con programa de vacunación (2014-2019) en el total de menores de un año y en 2subgrupos: en menores de 3 meses y en lactantes de 3 a 11 meses. Resultados: La tasa de hospitalización fue significativamente menor en el periodo con programa de vacunación en menores de un año y en menores de 3 meses (2,43 vs. 4,72 por 1.000 personas-año y 6,47 vs. 13,11 por 1.000 personas-año, respectivamente). Las razones de tasas entre períodos fueron: 0,51 (IC del 95%, 0,36-0,73) para los menores de un año; 0,49 (IC del 95%, 0,32-0,75) para los menores de 3 meses y 0,56 (IC del 95%, 0,30-1,03) para los de 3-11 meses. No se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la gravedad de los cuadros clínicos de los pacientes entre ambos periodos. Conclusión: La instauración del programa de vacunación contra la tosferina en embarazadas se ha asociado a una menor tasa de hospitalización por tosferina de forma global en los menores de un año de edad y específicamente en los menores de 3 meses.(AU)
Introduction: The recommendation for pertussis vaccination in pregnancy was established in Catalonia in February 2014. The objective of this study was to compare the hospitalization rate for pertussis in children under one year of age before and after the implementation of the vaccination program. Methods: Observational and retrospective study of patients under one year of age admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of pertussis. The hospitalization rate of patients under one year of age of the period prior to the vaccination program (2008-2013) was compared with the period with vaccination program (2014-2019) in the total of children under one year of age and in 2subgroups: children under 3 months and between 3-11 months. Results: Hospitalization rate was significantly lower in the period with vaccination program in children under one year of age and specifically in children under 3 months (2.43 vs. 4.72 per 1,000 person-years and 6.47 vs. 13.11 per 1,000 person-years, respectively). The rate ratios were: 0.51 (95% CI 0.36-0.73) for children under one year of age; 0.49 (95% CI 0.32-0.75) for those younger than 3 months and 0.56 (95% CI 0.30-1.03) for those with 3-11 months. No statistically significant differences were observed in the clinical severity between both periods. Conclusion: The introduction of the pertussis vaccination program in pregnancy was associated with a global lower hospitalization rate for pertussis in children under one year of age and specifically in those under 3 months of age.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Whooping Cough/diagnosis , Vaccination , Hospitalization , Pregnant Women , Bordetella pertussis , Pediatrics , Retrospective Studies , Spain , Microbiology , Communicable DiseasesABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The recommendation for pertussis vaccination in pregnancy was established in Catalonia in February 2014. The objective of this study was to compare the hospitalisation rate for pertussis in children under one year of age before and after the implementation of the vaccination programme. METHODS: Observational and retrospective study of patients under one year of age admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of pertussis. The hospitalisation rate of patients under one year of age of the period prior to the vaccination programme (2008-2013) was compared with the period with vaccination programme (2014-2019) in the total of children under one year of age and in 2 subgroups: children under 3 months and between 3-11 months. RESULTS: Hospitalization rate was significantly lower in the period with vaccination programme in children under one year of age and specifically in children under 3 months (2.43 vs. 4.72 per 1000 person-years and 6.47 vs. 13.11 per 1000 person-years, respectively). The rate ratios were: 0.51 (95% CI 0.36-0.73) for children under one year of age; 0.49 (95% CI 0.32-0.75) for those younger than 3 months and 0.56 (95% CI 0.30-1.03) for those with 3-11 months. No statistically significant differences were observed in the clinical severity between both periods. CONCLUSION: The introduction of the pertussis vaccination programme in pregnancy was associated with a global lower hospitalisation rate for pertussis in children under one year of age and specifically in those under 3 months of age.
Subject(s)
Whooping Cough , Child , Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Whooping Cough/epidemiology , Whooping Cough/prevention & control , Whooping Cough/diagnosis , Pregnant Women , Tertiary Care Centers , Retrospective Studies , Spain/epidemiology , HospitalizationABSTRACT
Recent literature has shown that sleep patterns are shaped during the first years of life, playing a relevant role in children's functioning. We focused on comparing sleep patterns in infants and toddlers in Spain before and during COVID-19 home confinement to assess the immediate impact on sleep patterns. We compared data from two cross-sectional surveys from parents of 1658 children three to 36 months of age from Spain. One conducted before COVID-19 (2017-2018, n = 1380) and another during COVID-19 pandemic (March-May of 2020, n = 254). We used an internet self-administrated questionnaire using the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) criteria in both surveys. During confinement, infants and toddlers went to sleep later (median bedtime 21:30 before confinement vs. 21:36 during confinement (p = 0.004)). More infants and toddlers showed longer sleep latencies (> 30 min) during confinement median 33.9% versus 12.3% (p < 0.001). Based on the recommended BISQ criteria, we observed an increase in poor sleepers meeting at least one criterion of inadequate patterns during confinement (p < 0.001). Parental perception of a child's sleep as problematics were 39.4% and 44.1% (adjusted p = 0.363) before and under lockdown, respectively. CONCLUSION: Home confinement generally affected infant's and toddler's sleep patterns negatively; however, parents did not report worse perception of sleep quality of their children. Follow-up studies can help understand the potential long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep patterns. WHAT IS KNOWN: ⢠Adequate sleep patterns in infants and toddlers are relevant as they are linked to proper and long-term social-emotional development as well as adequate daytime functioning. ⢠Regarding sleep patterns in paediatrics during the COVID pandemic, recent literature has described an increase in total daily sleep time as well as more exposure to screens in children and adolescents, providing evidence of immediate collateral consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak. WHAT IS NEW: ⢠Comparing sleep patterns in two samples of infants and toddlers in Spain before and during COVID-confinement, we found later bedtimes as well as a significant increase in infants' and toddlers' sleep latency by >30 min during confinement. ⢠Parental self-reported questionnaire during COVID-19 home confinement reported an overall worsening of their children's sleep based on the BISQ criteria.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Adolescent , COVID-19/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Communicable Disease Control , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Infant , Pandemics , Sleep , Spain/epidemiology , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The recommendation for pertussis vaccination in pregnancy was established in Catalonia in February 2014. The objective of this study was to compare the hospitalization rate for pertussis in children under one year of age before and after the implementation of the vaccination program. METHODS: Observational and retrospective study of patients under one year of age admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of pertussis. The hospitalization rate of patients under one year of age of the period prior to the vaccination program (2008-2013) was compared with the period with vaccination program (2014-2019) in the total of children under one year of age and in 2subgroups: children under 3 months and between 3-11 months. RESULTS: Hospitalization rate was significantly lower in the period with vaccination program in children under one year of age and specifically in children under 3 months (2.43 vs. 4.72 per 1,000 person-years and 6.47 vs. 13.11 per 1,000 person-years, respectively). The rate ratios were: 0.51 (95% CI 0.36-0.73) for children under one year of age; 0.49 (95% CI 0.32-0.75) for those younger than 3 months and 0.56 (95% CI 0.30-1.03) for those with 3-11 months. No statistically significant differences were observed in the clinical severity between both periods. CONCLUSION: The introduction of the pertussis vaccination program in pregnancy was associated with a global lower hospitalization rate for pertussis in children under one year of age and specifically in those under 3 months of age.
ABSTRACT
There is limited information on sleep patterns among infants and toddlers in Spain. The aim of this study was to assess sleep patterns in children three to 36 months of age in Spain. A cross-sectional study was conducted between February 2017 and February 2018. Sociodemographic data and sleep variables were collected using an expanded version of the validated Spanish version of the brief infant sleep questionnaire. A total of 1,404 parental reports on children (725 males; 679 females) with a mean age of 18.8 ± 9.5 months were collected. Parents who perceived their child's sleep as problematic (39% of our sample) reported fewer sleep hours (median 9 versus 10 h), more night awakenings (median 2 versus 1), and longer periods of nocturnal awakenings (median 0.5 versus 0.08 min) (p < 0.001). Parental presence at the time of sleep onset and later and irregular bedtime routines were significantly associated with a reduction in total sleep time, longer sleep latency, and disruptive night awakenings (p < 0.001). These findings highlight the need for further studies to assess how to improve sleep patterns as a relevant modifiable lifestyle factor.Conclusion: A substantial percentage of the population perceived that their children slept poorly, which was evident in a variety of sleep patterns, including sleep duration and sleep quality. What is known: ⢠Previous research has established that sleep difficulties among pediatric population affect up to 30% of all children and up to 20-30% of infants and toddlers. ⢠A positive relationship between less parental bedtime involvement and sleep consolidation in infants and toddlers has been established. What is new: ⢠More than a third of Spanish parents perceived their infants and toddlers sleep as problematic and their children reportedly have shorter night sleep hours, more night awakenings, and longer periods of nocturnal awakenings. ⢠Later and irregular parental bedtime routines were associated with worst infants and toddlers sleep.
Subject(s)
Parents , Sleep , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Parent-Child Relations , Spain , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
INTRODUCCIÓN: La postura en decúbito prono al dormir es el principal factor de riesgo modificable conocido para el síndrome de muerte súbita del lactante (SMSL). Existen otras recomendaciones respecto al SMSL con menor impacto. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer la prevalencia del decúbito prono durante el sueño así como de otros factores de riesgo asociados a SMSL en una muestra de lactantes españoles. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal realizado en 640 familias con niños de 0 meses a 11 meses. Además de la postura, se analizó la adherencia a otras cuatro recomendaciones respecto al SMSL: lugar donde duerme el lactante, lactancia materna, succión no nutritiva y tabaquismo materno. RESULTADOS: El 41,3% de los menores de 6 meses y el 59,7% de los lactantes de 6 a 11 meses dormían en una postura no recomendada. Solo el 6,4% de las familias seguían las cinco recomendaciones analizadas. DISCUSIÓN: Existe una elevada prevalencia de factores de riesgo modificables de SMSL en la población estudiada. Parece necesario reimpulsar la educación personalizada y otras campañas de concienciación y prevención del SMSL
INTRODUCTION: Prone sleeping position is the main known modifiable risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). There are other SIDS recommendations although with less impact. The objective of this study is to describe the prevalence of prone position during sleep as well as other risk factors associated with SIDS in a sample of Spanish babies and infants. METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out on 640 families with children from 0 months to 11 months. In addition to the sleep position, the adherence to four other recommendations regarding SIDS was analysed: place where infant sleeps, breastfeeding, use of non-nutritive suction, and maternal smoking. RESULTS: A total of 41.3% of infants under 6 months and 59.7% of infants aged 6 to 11 months slept in a non-recommended position. Only 6.4% of families analysed followed all five recommendations. DISCUSSION: There is a high prevalence of modifiable risk factors for SIDS among the studied population. Personalized education should be promoted, along with other campaigns to raise awareness and prevent SIDS
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Sudden Infant Death/epidemiology , Posture , Surveys and Questionnaires , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Spain/epidemiology , PrevalenceABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Prone sleeping position is the main known modifiable risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). There are other SIDS recommendations although with less impact. The objective of this study is to describe the prevalence of prone position during sleep as well as other risk factors associated with SIDS in a sample of Spanish babies and infants. METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out on 640 families with children from 0 months to 11 months. In addition to the sleep position, the adherence to four other recommendations regarding SIDS was analysed: place where infant sleeps, breastfeeding, use of non-nutritive suction, and maternal smoking. RESULTS: A total of 41.3% of infants under 6 months and 59.7% of infants aged 6 to 11 months slept in a non-recommended position. Only 6.4% of families analysed followed all five recommendations. DISCUSSION: There is a high prevalence of modifiable risk factors for SIDS among the studied population. Personalized education should be promoted, along with other campaigns to raise awareness and prevent SIDS.
