ABSTRACT
Under conditions of COVID-19 pandemic, considerable amounts of SARS-CoV-2 contained in household, municipal, and medical wastewaters inevitably reach natural water bodies. Possible preservation of virus infectivity in liquid environment is of a paramount epidemiological importance. Experiments demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 is resistant to multiple freezing/thawing cycles and retains its infectivity in tap and river water for up to 2 days at 20°C and 7 days at 4°C. In natural milk, its viability is preserved in a refrigerator for 6 days. The exposure of aquarium fish to the virus-containing water fails to cause any infection.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Animals , Humans , Pandemics , SARS-CoV-2 , Wastewater , WaterABSTRACT
The content of mRNA of the histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG), a potential marker of malignant neoplasia, which can be used in differential diagnosis of breast tumors, was determined in 110 breast tumor biopsy samples. The presence of HRG mRNA did not depend on the cancer type, on the preoperative treatment or its absence, as well as on the tumor progression stage and the presence of metastases.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Proteins/genetics , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Metastasis , RNA, Messenger/genetics , RNA, Messenger/metabolismABSTRACT
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was employed to study certain enzyme immunoassay steps for the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Physical adsorption of monoclonal antibodies (mAb), blocking of surface active sites free of antibodies by neutral proteins, and capture of HBsAg particles by sensitized surfaces were visualized successively in microplate wells of standard immunological plates from various manufacturers. The previously undescribed details such as "etching holes" up to 20 nm in depth were observed on the surface of plates some companies. The quantitative relationships between the optical density (OD) values obtained by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and the number of antigen-antibody complexes in AFM were calculated.
