Subject(s)
Acidosis/diagnosis , Fetal Distress/diagnosis , Adult , Blood Flow Velocity , Blood Gas Analysis , Cardiotocography , Cesarean Section , Female , Fetal Blood/chemistry , Heart Rate, Fetal/physiology , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Laser-Doppler Flowmetry , Male , Pregnancy , Pulsatile Flow/physiology , Umbilical Arteries/physiopathologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To verify the reliability of computerized cardiotocography (cCTG) in the prediction of the oxygen metabolism status of fetuses with growth restriction and Doppler velocimetry alterations. METHODS: From 24 third-trimester cesarean section performed because of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and Doppler velocimetry alterations, there were 11 cases of fetal heart rate alterations (Dawes-Redman criteria were not satisfied) and 13 cases of reactive cCTG. Fetal lung maturity was detected by amniocentesis and blood samples for umbilical blood gas analysis (UBGA) were collected before the first neonatal breath from the umbilical artery in a double-clamped segment of the cord. RESULTS: Umbilical cord gas analysis showed arterial cord blood pH to be 7.20 or less in 11 newborns (45.8%), 7.10 or less in 6 (25%), and 7.00 or less in 3 (12.5%). Linear regression analysis showed short-term variation (STV) in the fetal heart rate to be significantly correlated with umbilical artery pH (r = 0.49; P = 0.01) and pCO2 (r = -0.50; P = 0.01). There were no significant correlations between cCTG and the other UBGA parameters considered. Receiver operator curves permitted to calculate the STV values at which pathological neonatal UBGA values can be expected (pH < 7.00 and pCO2 > 80 mmHg). A short-term variation less than 4.5 ms was found to predict acidemia with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 70% (positive predictive value, 33%; negative predictive value, 100%), and hypercarbia with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 77.8% (positive predictive value, 55.6%; negative predictive value, 100%). CONCLUSION: In view of the results of this study, 4.5 ms for STV may be a threshold below which timing of delivery should be decided in cases of fetal growth restriction.
Subject(s)
Acidosis/diagnosis , Cardiotocography/methods , Fetal Growth Retardation/physiopathology , Fetus/metabolism , Heart Rate, Fetal , Acidosis/embryology , Amniocentesis , Blood Gas Analysis , Carbon Dioxide/blood , Cesarean Section , Female , Fetal Blood/metabolism , Fetal Growth Retardation/complications , Fetal Growth Retardation/metabolism , Fetal Organ Maturity , Gestational Age , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Infant, Newborn , Laser-Doppler Flowmetry , Linear Models , Lung/embryology , Male , Oxygen/blood , Oxygen/metabolism , Predictive Value of Tests , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Trimester, Third , Sensitivity and SpecificitySubject(s)
Fetal Diseases/diagnosis , Hypertension/diagnosis , Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular/diagnosis , Uric Acid/blood , Female , Fetal Diseases/physiopathology , Humans , Hypertension/physiopathology , Linear Models , Placental Circulation , Predictive Value of Tests , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular/physiopathology , Ultrasonography, PrenatalABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To assess the correlation between individual computerized cardiotocography (cCTG) variables and acid-base status at birth before the first breathing in uncomplicated term pregnancy delivered by cesarean section. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Seventy singleton normal pregnancies delivered by elective cesarean section. The last antepartum cCTG performed within 4 h from delivery by the System 8002 (Oxford Sonicaid, UK) was correlated to umbilical blood gas analysis (UBGA) values (AVL compact 2 analyser). Considering blood gas analysis values as dependent and individual cCTG parameters as independent variables the best regression subsets followed by a backward stepwise linear regression was used. RESULTS: There was no significant correlation of cCTG parameters with any of the values of blood gas analysis. However, when neonatal conditions, as expressed by arterial pH > 7.20, Becf > - 4.0 mmol/l and Apgar score at 5 min > 7, were taken as an end-point, they could be predicted by Acc15 and FM/hour (sensitivity: 35%, positive predictive value: 92%, cut-off > 7 and 67%, 92%, > 21, respectively). CONCLUSION: In uncomplicated pregnancies, the prospect of a vigorous newborn seems particularly associated with the presence of Acc > 15 and FM/hour > 21.
