ABSTRACT
Purpose: To report the outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy in three cases of ophthalmomyiasis interna. Observations: Case 1 is a 15-year-old male with a mobile lenticular gray-white larva in the vitreous. Case 2 is a 4-year-old female with a floating larva in the optic axis. Case 3 is an 8-year-old female with a floating larva in the optic axis; however, intraoperatively, the larva was found subretinally. In all cases, 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy was performed. Conclusions and importance: Ophthalmomyiasis interna is a rare parasitic eye disease that occurs when larvae of flies or gadflies enter the anterior chamber or/and posterior segment. Pars plana vitrectomy is an effective method of dealing with ophthalmomyiasis interna allowing to reach the main goal of treatment: removing the larva and restoring the eye structures. It is necessary to start treatment as soon as possible to prevent complications associated with mechanical injury and the prolonged toxic effect of larval immunogenic materials.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To analyze the results of ocular refraction at the age of 7 years in children after congenital cataract surgery with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Methods: A study of ocular biometric data of 143 eyes who underwent lens aspiration with IOL implantation in unilateral (23 eyes) and bilateral (60 eyes) congenital cataracts was performed. All children were divided into groups according to the age categories at the time of surgery: Group A (0-12 months) - 43 eyes; Group B (12-36 months) - 45 eyes; and Group C (older than 36 months) - 55 eyes. An empirical reduction of the implanted IOL power was performed: an undercorrection of 20% in children aged 0 to 36 months and 10% less in children aged 36 to 60 months. Results: By age 7 years, the mean elongation ± standard deviation (SD) in Group A was 3.93 ± 1.64 mm, 2.13 ± 0.94 mm in Group B, and 0.95 ± 0.76 mm in Group C (18.7%, 9.5%, and 4.1% of the baseline axial length, respectively). There was no significant difference in axial elongation between unilateral and bilateral congenital cataracts (P = 0.32). The mean absolute refraction error (MAE) at last examination was 3.99 ± 2.12 diopter (D), 2.46 ± 1.48 D, and 1.59 ± 1.31 D in Groups A, B, and C, respectively. In infants younger than 7 months of age, by age 7 years, the mean elongation ± SD was 3.27 ± 2.86 mm (25.5%) and MAE was 3.44 ± 2.1 D. The prevalence of preoperative corneal astigmatism of 1.0 D or more was 48.95%, 2.0 D or more was 27.27%, and 3.0 D or more was 5.6%. There was no significant difference in preoperative corneal astigmatism between unilateral (1.62 ± 0.77 D) and bilateral (1.78 ± 0.90 D) congenital cataracts (P = 0.56, 95% confidence interval = -0.50-0.28). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) more than 20/40 was in 53.49%, 55.55%, and 74.54% in Groups A, B, and C, respectively. Conclusions: Although IOL power was calculated in accordance with children's age, at the age of 7 years, there was a different degree of ametropia because of the biometric changes of the growing eye, and a higher rate of ametropia was observed more in the younger age group than in the elder age groups.
ABSTRACT
Report on clinical cases of spontaneous reattachment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). From 2014 to 2020 we diagnosed four patients with spontaneous reattachment of RRD. We conducted a review of the relevant medical records, focusing on the initial symptoms at presentation, the initial diagnoses, with a further observation of the patients next 3 years. The patients were re-examined 3 years later after cases of spontaneous reattachment of RRD. Three years after a case of spontaneous reattachment of RRD during reexamination in four patients (four eyes), redetachment was not detected. The mentioned clinical cases indicate the possibility of finding new approaches to RRD management.
ABSTRACT
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a granulomatous-necrotic systemic vasculitis with a lesion of predominantly the upper and lower respiratory tracts at the onset of the disease (vasculitis, accompanied by granulomatous inflammation), and subsequently renal (glomerulonephritis). In addition, GPA may manifest as inflammation of small arteries and veins. Despite many years of study of this disease, the etiology of GPA remains unknown. The present case is about a 47-year-old female, who had been suffering from necrotizing scleritis, corneal ulcer, and secondary glaucoma in both eyes for 3 months, and she was treated with anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial therapy that showed no effect; the patient's general condition became worse. In the second week of treatment, multiple abscess ruptures exposed the sclera. Sampling of the affected conjunctival tissue and positive HLA B8 haplotype and ANCA (PR3-ANCA) testings make it clear that GPA was the main reason of necrotizing scleritis with inflammation. The targeted treatment of the underlying disease allows to stabilize an inflammation of corneal and scleral lesions.
