Reflections on Randomized Trials and Observational Studies: "Big Is Beautiful" A Conversation With Sir Rory Collins, FRS.

Rory Collins is the Head, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Principal Investigator and Chief Executive, UK Biobank, and the British Heart Foundation Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology at the University of Oxford. He was born in Hong Kong and received his medical degree from St Thomas's Hospital Medical School, University of London. He was Knighted for Services to Science in 2011 and became a Fellow of the Royal Society in 2015. He has delivered the Paul Dudley White International Lecture of the American Heart Association and the Royal Society of Medicine William Harvey Lecture, and he has received both the European Society of Cardiology Gold Medal and the British Cardiovascular Society MacKenzie Medal.

The Evolution of the Use of ß-Blockers to Treat Heart Failure: A Conversation With Finn Waagstein, MD.

Finn Waagstein was born in Copenhagen in 1938. He graduated from Aarhus University Medical School in 1964. He received his cardiology training in the Sahlgrenska University Hospital at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden. He was appointed Associate Professor in 1980, and he assisted in establishing and directing the first Swedish heart transplant program. From 1990 he directed the heart failure and cardiomyopathy research programs. He is currently Professor of Cardiology and senior physician at Wallenberg Laboratory. In 2002, he was awarded the King Faisal International Prize for Medicine.

Here Comes Trouble: A Career as a Tobacco Control Activist.

Dr Glantz is Professor of Medicine in the Division of Cardiology, the Truth Initiative Distinguished Professor of Tobacco Control, and Director of the Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education at the University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine. He obtained a BSc in aerospace engineering from the University of Cincinnati in 1969 and an MSc and PhD in applied mechanics from Stanford University. He is the author of 4 books, including The Cigarette Papers and Primer of Biostatistics He is also a member of the University of California, San Francisco Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Health Policy Studies and Co-leader of the University of California, San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center Tobacco Program. He was elected to the Institute of Medicine in 2005.

The Development of Cardiac Arrhythmia Ablation: A Conversation With Melvin A. Scheinman, MD.

Dr Melvin A. Scheinman is Professor of Medicine and holds the Walter H. Shorenstein Endowed Chair in Cardiology at the University of California, San Francisco. He has received awards including the Paul Dudley White Award for Excellence in Teaching by the American Heart Association and the Distinguished Science Award of the American College of Cardiology. He grew up in Brooklyn, New York, and took his undergraduate degree at Johns Hopkins University, where he graduated first in his class. Postgraduate medical education included the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, residency training at the University of North Carolina (Chapel Hill), and cardiology training at the University of California, San Francisco Medical Center.

Improving Cardiovascular Health in Diverse Populations: A Conversation With Anushka Patel, MBBS, SM, PhD.

Anushka Patel is the Chief Scientist, The George Institute for Global Health, Professor of Medicine, University of Sydney and a Cardiologist, at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, all based in Sydney, Australia. She obtained her MBBS from the University of Queensland, a Master of Science degree in Epidemiology from Harvard University, and her PhD from the University of Sydney.

Discovering and Developing Successful Cardiovascular Therapeutics: A Conversation With James N. Topper, MD, PhD.

Dr James (also known as Jamie) N. Topper, MD, PhD, serves as Managing General Partner at Frazier Healthcare Partners, where he leads the Life Science Venture practice. In 2011, and 2016, he was named to the Midas List of leading venture capitalists, and, in 2013, he was recognized by Forbes as one of the top 10 healthcare investors. He has >25 years of experience working with entrepreneurs to found and build successful therapeutics-focused companies. Dr Topper holds a BS from the University of Michigan. He received an MD and PhD (in biophysics) from Stanford University School of Medicine. He completed postgraduate training in internal medicine and cardiovascular disease at the Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston and is board certified in both disciplines.

Pulmonary hypertension in pregnancy.

The presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in pregnancy is rare and signifies a high-risk pregnancy. Although the majority of mothers have knowledge of their condition before pregnancy, approximately one-third of patients are diagnosed during pregnancy. Termination of pregnancy should be discussed, and is often advised; however, a significant proportion of patients will choose to proceed with the pregnancy despite increased maternal and fetal mortality. Currently, most pregnant patients receive advanced therapy for treatment of PAH, particularly prostacyclin analogues. Particular attention is paid to volume status and blood loss and there has been a major trend toward delivery by cesarean section under controlled conditions involving an expert multidisciplinary team. The time of greatest maternal risk is in the first month after delivery. Transplantation of these patients in the nonpregnant state may be considered when those with idiopathic pulmonary hypertension have poor functional status despite optimal therapy and their projected 2-year survival is less than 50%. For patients with Eisenmenger syndrome, severe symptoms and an unacceptable quality of life may lead to transplantation.