ABSTRACT
We studied the acceptability of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) in newly human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected Ugandan women. Women were followed in an out-patient clinic where they received HIV care including IPT. Of 52 women who were purified protein derivative-positive, 48 were eligible for IPT and 39 (81%) completed therapy. This completion rate was higher than reported in similar observational studies.
Subject(s)
Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use , HIV Infections/complications , Isoniazid/therapeutic use , Latent Tuberculosis/drug therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Cohort Studies , Female , Humans , Latent Tuberculosis/complications , Latent Tuberculosis/diagnosis , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Tuberculin Test , Tuberculosis/prevention & control , Uganda , Young AdultABSTRACT
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with almost all cases of cervical cancer, and cervical cancer is a common malignancy in women living in developing countries. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of HPV infection, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and cervical cytologic abnormalities in women presenting to a sexually transmitted infections clinic in Kampala, Uganda. In June and July, 2002, 135 women underwent complete physical exams including Papanicolaou (Pap) smears. HIV status was evaluated by serology. Cervical and vaginal swabs were obtained by clinicians and tested for HPV genotypes by PCR/reverse blot strip assay. Of the 106 women with cervical swabs adequate for HPV testing, the HPV prevalence was 46.2% (49/106). HIV prevalence was 34.9% (37/106). High risk genotypes 52, 58, and 16 were the genotypes detected most commonly. Eighteen percent (9/49) of women infected with HPV were found to have genotypes 16 and/or 18. Seventy-three percent (27/37) of HIV-positive women versus 16% (10/63) of HIV-negative women had abnormal Pap smears (P < 0.0001). Among HIV-positive women, abnormal Pap smears were associated with the presence of high risk HPV genotypes (P < 0.001). The majority of women infected with HPV attending this sexually transmitted infections clinic in Uganda were infected with high risk HPV genotypes other than 16 and 18. Future studies should focus on whether current HPV vaccine formulations, that are limited to high risk genotypes 16 and 18, would be effective at decreasing the burden of cervical cancer in this population.
Subject(s)
HIV Infections/complications , Papillomaviridae/classification , Papillomaviridae/genetics , Papillomavirus Infections/complications , Papillomavirus Infections/virology , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/complications , Adolescent , Adult , Cervix Uteri/virology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , HIV Antibodies/blood , HIV Infections/epidemiology , HIV Infections/virology , Humans , Middle Aged , Papanicolaou Test , Papillomaviridae/isolation & purification , Papillomavirus Infections/epidemiology , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Prevalence , Uganda , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/epidemiology , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/virology , Vagina/virology , Vaginal SmearsABSTRACT
A 25-year-old HIV-infected woman participating in a study of the effects of hormonal contraception on HIV disease progression was started on antiretroviral therapy-Combivir & Nevirapine (NVP) on May 27, 2004. NVP was 200mg daily initially for two weeks to be increased to 200mg bid thereafter. On day twelve, she presented with a mild skin rash on the trunk, purulent conjunctivitis, pharyngitis and fever. She was treated symptomatically and sent home. The following day she returned with a generalized erythematous eruption. She was admitted to JCRC (Joint Clinical and Research Centre) on June 14 and was diagnosed with Stevens - Johnson syndrome (SJS). Antiretroviral therapy was stopped. By July 05, 2004, she had improved and was discharged. After recovery she was restarted on Combivir and Efavirenz and is subsequently doing well on this regimen.
