Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Immunoenzyme Techniques/methods , Microchip Analytical Procedures/methods , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Antibodies/immunology , Biomarkers, Tumor/immunology , Carcinoembryonic Antigen/analysis , Carcinoembryonic Antigen/immunology , Chorionic Gonadotropin/analysis , Chorionic Gonadotropin/immunology , Female , Humans , Male , Phosphopyruvate Hydratase/analysis , Phosphopyruvate Hydratase/immunology , Prostate-Specific Antigen/analysis , Prostate-Specific Antigen/immunology , alpha-Fetoproteins/analysis , alpha-Fetoproteins/immunologyABSTRACT
The biochip was constructed for simultaneous assay of total and free prostate-specific antigen, alpha-fetoprotein, cancer embryonic antigen, human chorionic gonadotropin, and neuron-specific enolase. These biochips represent an array of gel elements with covalently immobilized proteins. The major analytic characteristics of the developed method were obtained. It was shown that the results of simultaneous assay of six tumor markers in blood serum well correlated with routine measurement of each marker using enzyme immunoassay kits. This approach allowed us to reveal the hook effect of high concentrations during biochip assay, which prevents distortion of the diagnostic picture at high concentration of the analyte in the sample.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/blood , Immunoassay/methods , Protein Array Analysis/methods , Chorionic Gonadotropin/blood , Humans , Phosphopyruvate Hydratase/blood , Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood , alpha-Fetoproteins/metabolismABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In recent years, clinical low-intensity laser therapy practice has used pulsed radiation, mainly from semiconductor lasers. Experimental works devoted to the study of relationships between biological and clinical effects and parameters of pulsed radiation are practically absent. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: The radiation source was a laser diode emitting at 820 nm (292 and 700 Hz, duty factor 80%; doses from 7 J/m2 to 5 x 10(5) J/m2; intensities 4, 12, 51, 152, 633, and 1,900 W/m2; irradiation time from 1 to 30 s). Four biological models were used: nucleated cells of murine spleen (splenocytes) and bone marrow (karyocytes), murine blood, and HeLa cells cultivated in vitro. The intensity of luminol-amplified chemiluminescence (in case of murine models) and the adhesion of HeLa cell membranes were measured as a function of the irradiation dose. RESULTS: Within the wide exposure dose range used we obtained seven maxima in the dose vs. biological effect curves: at fluences near 20, 1 x 10(2), 3 x 10(2), 8 x 10(2), 3 x 10(3), 1 x 10(4), and 3 x 10(4) J/m2. The peaks coincided for all four models. CONCLUSION: The dose curves obtained with different cellular systems are of the same type and are characterized by seven peaks in the dose interval studied (7 J/m2 to 5 x 10(5) J/m2).
Subject(s)
Bone Marrow Cells/radiation effects , Lasers , Spleen/radiation effects , Animals , Blood/radiation effects , Cell Adhesion/radiation effects , Cells, Cultured , Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation , HeLa Cells , Humans , Luminescent Measurements , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred Strains , Spleen/cytologyABSTRACT
The effect of He-Ne laser radiation (lambda = 632.8 nm, I = 6.8 W/m2, irradiation time from 5 to 50 sec) on kinetics of spontaneous and Candida ablicans-stimulated chemiluminescence of mouse spleen cells was studied. It was found that laser radiation caused significant enhancement (180-250%) both of spontaneous chemiluminescence and Candida-induced chemiluminescence. The effective dose interval ranges from 100 to 300 J/m2, with a maximum at 200 J/m2. This finding shows that He-Ne laser irradiation can induce the respiratory burst (generation of reactive oxygen species having bactericidal activity) of phagocytic cells.
