ABSTRACT
Sixteen 10-12-year-old and eight 1-year-old dogs were studied over a two year period to determine comparative differences in physiological response to 4 diets varying in protein content and percentages of energy contributed by protein. The ability of old dogs to utilize nutrients as supplied by these foods was not significantly different from that of young adult dogs. Except for indices of mitogenic stimulation and serum urea nitrogen (SUN) other physiological parameters studied were not affected by the diet fed. Regardless of diet, old dogs had significantly higher serum levels of cholesterol, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase and had lower indices of mitogenic stimulation than did young dogs.
Subject(s)
Aging , Animal Feed , Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Dogs/physiology , Animals , Dietary Fats/metabolism , Dietary Fiber/metabolism , Dietary Proteins/metabolism , Digestion , Energy Intake , Female , Hematologic Tests , Kidney Function Tests , Liver Function Tests , Male , Thyroid Function TestsABSTRACT
Primary bladder stones are described as occurring in aboriginal children from native reserves. Here breast feeding is supplemented early in life with white flour and little else. A comparison is made between this diet and that of children in endemic bladder stone regions, and reasons are advanced for the formation of these stones, with biochemical evidence to support the thesis that ammonium acid urate precipitation is the initiating factor.
Subject(s)
Food/adverse effects , Urinary Bladder Calculi/etiology , Breast Feeding , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander , Urinary Bladder Calculi/therapyABSTRACT
Evidence is presented that sodium acid urate exists in aqueous solution in a non-colloidal state. The levels of ammonium and urate ions required to precipitate ammonium acid urate have been established for some aqueous media. The effect of pH on the formation product of ammonium acid urate is described. Evidence is presented that there is no epitaxial relationship between this salt and calcium oxalate monohydrate.
Subject(s)
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds/urine , Uric Acid/urine , Adult , Chemical Phenomena , Chemistry , Child , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Male , Oxalates , Solubility , TemperatureABSTRACT
Individual values for the regression of plasma total calcium on albumin vary by more than can be accounted for by analytical imprecision alone; the range (-x +/- 2 S.D.) being 0.004--0.031 mmol/g. Individual regression coefficients (R) are constant with time. Furthermore, a large proportion of individual R values differ from a general population regression by more than can be accounted for by analytical error. Three adjusted calcium reference ranges were derived from the data. Two employed constant correction factors, the general population R value (0.013 mmol/g) and the mean of the individual R values (0.018 mmol/g). The reference range which utilised each individuals' own R value was smaller and therefore potential more useful than the ranges using constant factors.
Subject(s)
Calcium/blood , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Methods , Middle Aged , Protein Binding , Reference Values , Regression Analysis , Serum Albumin/metabolism , Spectrophotometry, AtomicABSTRACT
Soft tissue lesions are often secondary to equine carpal injury. The clinical and pathological nature of soft tissue changes following carpal trauma are varied. This report describes a case of intersynovial fistula between the radial carpal joint and the common digital extensor tendon sheath. The differential diagnosis and pathological features of equine soft tissue carpal injuries are discussed.
