[Early results of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in surgical treatment of hemifacial spasm]. / Analiz blizhaishikh rezul'tatov intraoperatsionnogo neirofiziologicheskogo monitoringa pri khirurgicheskom lechenii gemifatsial'nogo spazma.

BACKGROUND: Neurophysiological monitoring in surgery for hemifacial spasm has been used since the 1990s, when Moller et al. demonstrated the effectiveness of intraoperative assessment of lateral spread response (LSR) regarding postoperative outcomes. Currently, there are conflicting data on effectiveness and feasibility of this technique. Widespread hemifacial spasm determines the relevance of neurophysiological monitoring in surgical treatment of these patients. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of various methods of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in surgical treatment of hemifacial spasm regarding early postoperative outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group included 43 patients (8 men and 35 women) aged 26-68 years. We assessed severity of hemifacial spasm using the SMC Grading Scale. All patients underwent vascular decompression of the facial nerve under neurophysiological control: monitoring of transcranial motor evoked potentials from facial muscles (m. orbicularis oculi, m. orbicularis oris, m. mentalis) and recording unilateral LSR. The control group included 23 patients (4 men and 19 women) aged 29-83 years. In this group, facial nerve decompression was performed without neurophysiological control. The effect of neurophysiological monitoring on postoperative outcomes (in-hospital period and 3 postoperative months) after vascular decompression of the facial nerve was assessed using the SMC Grading Scale. We considered severity and incidence of spasms. RESULTS: Thirty-one (72%) patients in the main group had no spasms of mimic muscles at discharge. In the control group, there were no spasms in 15 patients (65%). At the same time, there were fewer Grade I patients in the control group (12%) compared to the main group (26%). Moreover, 27 (66%) and 12 (52%) patients were free from episodes of hemifacial spasm in both groups, respectively. Patients with hemifacial spasm grade I-II comprised 29% in the main group and 34% in the control group. The number of relapses within three months increased in the control group (13%). CONCLUSION: Intraoperative monitoring of transcranial motor evoked potentials from the facial muscles and LSR during vascular decompression of the facial nerve increases the efficiency of surgery for hemifacial spasm in early postoperative period. Less number of relapses and lower intensity of hemifacial spasm necessitate neurophysiological monitoring in neurosurgical treatment of these patients.

[Circadian rhythm of skin temperature of children during puberty].

Results of long-term research of becoming circadian rhythm of temperature (CRT) of human skin of shoulder during puberty are presented. For this purpose, 48-hour monitoring T at children, teenagers and mature young men and female from 8 till 22-th years with application of a method "Thermochron iButton" has been led. Age dynamics of mesor, reflecting process of becoming thermoregulation of organism during puberty, has wave character. The first wave with maximum T was observed at children of 10-11 years, second maximum T--at teenagers of 14-15 years. And at persons man's and female dynamics of mesor is synchronous, however, at girls from 8 till 17 years mesor authentically above. At adult people mesoris above at young men. Dynamics of amplitude CRT does not vary till 12-13 years, in 14-15 years at boys the size of amplitude decreases, and at girls increases. In 16-17 years at children amplitude sharply increases with the subsequent significant decrease by the period of a maturity (20-22 years). At boys, amplitude of CRT it is authentic more, than at girls, at adult people this parameter does not differ. At research of a cycle a dream-wakefulness periods in which changes daily thermoregulation are revealed: at boys in the age of 10-11 years, and at girls at 10-11 and in 16-17 years. During these periods T at night is above, than in the afternoon.

[OBSTRUCTION OF THE OUTFLOW TRACT OF THE LEFT VENTRICLE DURING CARDIAC SURGERY].

Obstruction of the outflow tract of the left ventricle is well understood as a complication of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. But other clinical situations are not described in Russian. The aim of this work was the description of the clinical, echocardiographic criteria and pathogenetically substantiated therapy dynamic subaortic obstruction in operations with extracorporeal circulation. Routine echocardiographic monitoring allowed to register obstruction of the outflow tract of the left ventricle in 10 patients during heart surgery (7 men, 3 women) aged 71 ± 16 years, when dealing with extracorporeal circulation (66 ± 22 min): 2 cases--correction of defects of the heart valves, 7--coronary artery bypass grafting. Early diagnosis of this complication in 8 cases, provided a rational choice of effective treatment strategy providing for the rejection of cardiotonics, the appointment of a beta-blocker, infusion therapy maintaining a relative of hypertension. Two patients died, despite the measures taken. Thus, obstruction of the outflow tract of the left ventricle is a rare but dangerous complication of cardiac surgery. Its timely diagnosis is possible using intraoperative echocar- diography.

[Change in short-term memory in pupils of 5-7th classes in the process of class work].

The subject of this study was the investigation of the short-term memory (STM) of visual (SVM) and auditory (SAM) modality in boys and girls of the middle school age, as in the daytime, and during the course of the school week. The obtained data show that in pupils from the 5th to the 7th class SVM and SAM playback volume in children of both genders is significantly increased, while SVM productivity in boys from 6 - 7th classes is higher than in girls of the same age. The amplitude of day changes in SVM and SAM was found to decrease significantly with the age. In all age groups the range of daily fluctuations in short-term memory of both modalities in boys appears to be higher than in girls. In all age groups a significant part of schoolchildren was revealed to possess optimal forms of temporal organization of short-term memory: morning, day and morning-day types, in that while during the school week in pupils of 5th to 7th classes of both genders the number of optimal waveforms of curves of daily dynamics of short-term memory increases, which contributes to the optimization of their mental performance.

Between porphyrins and phthalocyanines: 10,20-diaryl-5,15-tetrabenzodiazaporphyrins.

meso-Diaryltetrabenzo(opp)diazaporphyrins are made readily available via Curtius rearrangement of azidocarbonyl derivatives of meso-aryldibenzodipyrromethenes, readily generated with or without isolation from tert-butoxycarbonyl derivatives of the same system. The new tetrapyrrolic dyes are isostructural with 5,15-diaryltetrabenzoporphyrins and resemble both phthalocyanines and tetrabenzoporphyrins to afford an interesting new system for optical applications and material research.

[Simultaneous operations in patients with infrarenal aortic aneurism].

During the period between 1982 and 2007 years, 125 patients had been simultaneously operated on the infrarenal atherosclerotic aortic aneurism (aorto-femoral by-pass) and other organs. 86 of them overcame simultaneous surgery considering vascular interventions, the rest 39 had been operated on general surgical and oncologic diseases of abdomen. The acquired results were satisfactory and proved the reasonability of simultaneous operations by aortic aneurism.

[Concomitant and combined operations in patients with infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms].

The authors have retrospectively studied the outcomes of surgical management of 421 patients diagnosed with infrarenal atherosclerotic variants of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) operated on over the period from 1982 to 2007. Of these, there were a total of 389 (92.4%) patients operated on electively, with the remaining 32 (7.6%) patients operated on expeditiously. 264 (67.9%) patients had only been subjected to resection of the aneurysm with linear or bifurcation prosthetic repair of the aorta, 86 (22.1%) endured resection of the aneurysm in a combination with correction of blood flow in other arterial basins, and 39 (10%) patients parallel to AAA resection sustained operations for other surgical and oncological diseases. The authors analysed the effect of comorbidities, the patients' age, AAA size, duration of surgery and the volume of blood loss on the outcomes of surgical treatment. Also studied were the immediate outcomes of surgical treatment, with the remote results followed up in 427 patients having endured AAA resection. The obtained findings confirm a promising nature of combined and concomitant operations in AAA.

[Kinetic parameters of androgen receptor complexes and the activities of the glycolysis and oxidative pentose phosphate pathway key enzymes in rat testis cytosol after whole body 60-min exposure to high frequency electromagnetic field (39.5 Ghz)]. / Vliianie vysokochastotnogo élektromagnitnogo izlucheniia millimetrovogo diapazona na kineticheskie parametry retseptsii androgenov, aktivnosti kliuchevykh fermentov glikoliza i oksidativnogo pentozofosfatnogo puti v semennikakh krys..

The effect of electromagnetic field of millimeter range on biochemical indices of testicles of totally exposed rats at various periods of observation (day 1, 10, 30, 90) was studied. The following functional shifts were revealed: the 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activities enforced approximately up to 130% on 30th day in comparison with the controls, but in three months (90th day) the activity returned to normal values: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase an puruvate kinase did not show obvious changes of activities. On the contrary, there were surprising differences in behavior of androgen-receptor system: the number of androgen-receptor sites in cytosol was increased significantly on 1st day after exposure (114%); on 10th day concentration of RA was quite oppositely 1.68-fold reduced in relation to the control; through 1-month after exposure the rising of [RA] (123%) was registered; however, to 3-month term the significant fall (1.42 times) of the RA contents in testicular cytosol persisted.

Ultradian biorhythms of cell proliferation.

We studied circadian and ultradian rhythms of mitotic index of epithelial cells of the esophagus, intestine, and dorsal surface of the tongue, and thymocytes from mice maintained at normal and inverted light regimens. It was shown that in normal animals, the period of ultradian oscillations was shorter during the active circadian phase compared to the passive phase. Photoinversion changed the correlation between ultradian oscillations of the mitotic index and its circadian phases, which was differently pronounced in various tissues. Thus, changes in daily illumination serve as the time indicator for circadian rhythms of cell proliferation, but not for ultradian oscillations of mitotic activity.

[Changes in short-term memory in young schoolchildren during studies]. / Izmeneniia kratkosrochnoi pamiati u detei mladshego shkol'nogo vozrasta v protsesse uchebnoi deiatel'nosti.

Daily variations in short-term visual and hearing memory were found in 8-10-year-old children. It was ascertained that they were not optimized with the learning time in most children. In 70% of the children, individual daily variations in short-term memory of all modalities were asynchronous. In these children, the mean daily volume of short-term hearing memory was much more than that of short-term visual one. The girls could reproduce the greater volume of visual information than could be boys.

[Morphofunctional state of the rat male reproductive system after chronic low intensity irradiation at a dose of 1.0 Gy]. / Morfofunktsional'noe sostoianie reproduktivnoi sistemy krys-samtsov posle khronicheskogo nizkointensivnogo oblucheniia v doze 1.0 Gr.

It was studied the morphofunctional state of rat male reproductive system after chronically exposure to low intensive gamma-irradiation in early ontogenesis. After radiation with a total dose of 1.0 Gy it was revealed the decrease of the testes and epididymis weight, dysbalance in the ratio of different spermatogenic cells, changes in nucleic acid content and discoordination of bioenergetic metabolism in testes. Disturbance in rat male reproductive system retained in remote period (180 days after irradiation).

New aspects in the crystal chemistry of (M2CU2O3)m(CuO2)n-type (M = Ca, Sr, Y, Bi) cuprates

The structural regularities of (M2Cu2O3)m(CuO2)n-type (M = Ca, Sr, Y, Bi) cuprates with ladder-type planes have been considered. On the basis of the structural studies of the samples grown by floating-zone and flux methods, it was concluded that the phase (M2Cu2O3)(CU1+deltaO2+gamma), described as the m/n = 1/1 member, with Cu-deficient Cu-O ribbons in the series (M2Cu2O3)m(CuO2)n can be treated as an individual structural type intermediate between SrCu2O3 and incommensurate-type phases (M2Cu2O3)m(CuO2)n with m not equal n. The deficiency of the Cu sites in CuO ribbons is a particular crystal-chemistry feature of this structural type, in addition to the geometrical feature (m = n). The structural type of the 'Cu-deficient ladder' can transform into the incommensurate-type phases (M2Cu2O3)m(CUO2)n (m/n = 5/7, 7/10, 9/13 etc.) in the presence of free [CuO4]6- radicals in the melt. A realization of the (M2Cu2O3)m(CuO2)n phase with a particular m/n value is caused by the type of M cation. On the basis of recent data, the role of trivalent ions in the chemical composition of the (M2Cu2O3)m(CuO2)n-type compounds was also analyzed. The occurrence of the superconductivity in (Sr,Ca)CuO2 samples is discussed by analogy with cuprates of the infinite-layer structure.

[IgM, IgG and IgG subclass antibodies to herpes simplex virus in persons of different ages]. / antitela k virusu prostogo gerpesa, otnosiashchiesia k IgM, IgG i podklassam IgG, u lits raznogo vozrasta.

IgM, IgG antibodies to herpes simplex virus and their subclases were investigated in 565 subjects of different age tested at virological laboratories of St. Petersburg in 1996-1997. The majority of these subjects had a history of herpes infection and 21.5% had IgM antibodies to herpes simplex virus (HSV), marker of acute herpetic infection. Besides IgM, IgG1 antibodies can be referred to early antibodies appearing during the acute stage of herpetic infection. The predominant subclass was HSV IgG3 antibodies. As for IgG4, they were completely absent in infants aged under 1 year, were detected in 6.2% children aged under 14 years, and were present in 12.2-12.5% adults.

Polysomatic series in the structures of complex cuprates.

The modular approach was applied to analyse the structure of complex cuprates. The modular series of various types were distinguished in the family of layered cuprates making use of the classification scheme in a fragment approximation developed earlier. The poly-somatic series were revealed in the groups of cuprates which were expected to possess the properties of both salt and oxide. The structure of the ladder-type cuprates was analysed in more detail. The present study has shown that the polysomatic model can be efficiently applied to the structural analysis of complex cuprates.

[Post-irradiation changes in blood 5'-nucleotidase activity of rats after chronic exposure to gamma irradiation]. / Postluchevye izmeneniia 5'-nukleotidaznoi aktivnosti syvorotki krovi krys posle khronicheskogo vozdeistviia gamma-izlucheniia.

Kinetics of 5'-AMP hydrolysis by rat's blood serum was studied at 3, 10, 30, 90 and 180 days after prolonged gamma-irradiation at 0.1-1 Gy doses (60Co source, dose rate 4.4 x 10(-6) Gy/h). It was shown that more expressed kinetic anticooperativity of nucleotidase reaction in irradiated animals, as compare to control ones, was conditioned by composition predominance of low-affinity 5'-nucleotidases forms over their high-affinity patterns. The ratio of maximal velocities of high- to low-affinity 5'-nucleotidases was ranged from 2 in the control to 7 in irradiated rats at different postirradiation periods during the first 90 days of observation. It was suggested that appearance of new kinetic 5'-nucleotidases forms in blood stream of irradiated animals, predominantly with low-affinity, was attributed to impairment in the integrity of cellular membranes and may testify to postirradiation development of tissues injury.

[Diagnosis-related groups: a comparative analysis of hospital activity in different countries]. / Diagnosticheski sviazannye gruppy v sravnitel'nom analize deiatel'nosti statsionarov raznykh stran.

Comparative study of hospital activities in the Novgorod district and nine countries of the European Community, carried out within the framework of the International Project CAMISE (Case Mix and Severity) of the European Community on the basis of the classification system for diagnosis-related groups, showed a lower Case Mix Index, a longer hospital stay for all major disease, and a lower surgical activity in the hospitals of the Novgorod district in comparison with other European countries. The detected differences are largely due to specific features in the organization of hospital service in Russia (no special hospitals for acute and chronic patients, no nursing homes) and insufficiently intensive therapeutic and diagnostic process.

[Evaluation of effectiveness of porous metal ceramics for air purification]. / Otsenka éffectivnosti primeneniia poristoi metallokeramiki dlia ochistki vozdukha.

The efficacy of cermet filters for air purification is studied. Air filtration efficacy was very high. Titanic filter, for instance, entrapped all studied air bacteria.